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dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional
dc.contributor.advisorVargas Ramírez, Mario Alfonso
dc.contributor.advisorMatta Camacho, Nubia Estela
dc.contributor.authorGutiérrez Liberato, Germán Alfredo
dc.date.accessioned2022-04-01T14:32:08Z
dc.date.available2022-04-01T14:32:08Z
dc.date.issued2021-10-01
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/81429
dc.descriptionilustraciones, fotografías, gráficas, mapas, tablas
dc.description.abstractAlgunos géneros de parásitos del suborden Adeleorina infectan usualmente hospederos intermediarios como las tortugas. Sin embargo, el conocimiento que se tiene acerca de las especies de parásitos que infectan estos hospederos es escasa. En la literatura, para la identificación de parásitos de este suborden se usan herramientas morfológicas, morfométricas y técnicas moleculares; principalmente información del gen 18S rDNA. Sin embargo, el uso de este gen tiene varias deficiencias. Para incrementar el conocimiento de los parásitos que infectan quelonios, así como en las técnicas moleculares para investigación en diversidad, este estudio tuvo como objetivos: 1) identificar la diversidad genética de linajes de parásitos aislados mediante amplificación distintos genes, 2) Integrar líneas de evidencia tanto morfológica como molecular para la identificación de unidades linajes evolutivos desconocidos y 3) diseñar herramientas alternativas para el diagnóstico e identificación de estos parásitos mediante la implementación de nuevos marcadores moleculares que han sido poco explorados en organismos de este suborden. Para alcanzar estos objetivos se obtuvieron y analizaron muestras sanguíneas de 457 individuos pertenecientes a 16 de las 29 especies de tortugas continentales presentes en Colombia. Todas las muestras fueron analizadas por métodos moleculares y 203 de estas muestras también fueron analizadas por microscopia. Como resultado de los analisis se pudo describir una nueva especie de Hepatozoon (Hepatozoon simidi sp. nov) en Rhinoclemmys melanosterna (Geoemyidide) basados en información acerca de la morfología de los estadios sanguíneos y secuencias de un fragmento del gen 18S. También se diseñaron nuevos sets de primers para los genes mitocondriales citocromo oxidasa I (coxI), citocromo oxidasa III (coxIII) y citocromo b (cytb) basados en la secuenciación genómica del parásito obtenido de una muestra tomada de Podocnemis vogli (Podocnmeididae). Se aislaron por lo menos 30 linajes diferentes de cada gen analizado, demostrando una alta diversidad genética de parásitos en estos hospederos. Sin embargo, los índices de diversidad evaluados demuestran que aún se desconoce la diversidad real de linajes parasitarios en estos hospederos. Adicionalmente, los resultados también evidenciaron varios procesos como heteroplasmía y/o especiación críptica, están afectando la identificación y caracterización de la diversidad de parásitos. Este estudio constituye el comienzo de una interesante e importante área de investigación. (Texto tomado de la fuente)
dc.description.abstractSome genera of parasites of the suborder Adeleorina usually infect intermediate hosts such as turtles. However, little is known about the diversity of parasites that infect these hosts. In the literature, for the identification of parasites of this suborder, morphological and morphometric tools as well as molecular techniques are used; mainly information from the 18S rDNA gene. However, the use of this gene has several shortfalls. To increase the knowledge on parasites infecting chelonians and the knowledge on different molecular markers that can offer more inflrmation for diversity reseach, this study had the following goals: 1) to identify the genetic diversity of isolated parasite lineages using the amplification of different genes, 2) to integrate morphological and molecular evidence for the identification of unknown evolutionary lineages, and 3) to design alternative tools for the diagnosis and identification of these parasites through the implementation of new molecular markers that have been little explored in organisms of this suborder and that are infecting turtles in Colombia. To reach those goals, a total of 457 blood smples of individuals belonging to 16 of the 29 species of continental turtles in Colombia were obtained and analyzed. All samples were analyzed by molecular methods and 203 of these samples were also analyzed by microscopy. As results of the performed analyses, a new species of Hepatozoon (Hepatozoon simidi sp. nov) was described infecting Rhinoclemmys melanosterna (Geoemydidae) based on the integration of morphological information of the blood stages and the sequences of a fragment of the 18S gene. New sets of primers for the mitochondrial genes cytochrome oxidase I (coxI), cytochrome oxidase III (coxIII) and cytochrome b (cytb) were designed based on the genomic sequencing of a sample from a parasite that had infected a Podocnemis vogli (Podocnemididae) individual. At least 30 different lineages were isolated from each gene analyzed, evidencing a high genetic diversity of parasites in these hosts. However, diversity indexes evaluated showed that the real diversity of parasitic lineages in these hosts is still unknown. Aditionally, the results also evidenced several phenomena such as heteroplasmy and /or criptic speciation, which are affecting the identification and characterization of the diversity of parasites. This study represents the beggining of an interesting and important field of research.
dc.format.extentxviii, 201 páginas
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.rightsDerechos reservados al autor, 2021
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subject.ddc570 - Biología::576 - Genética y evolución
dc.titleAnálisis de relaciones biológicas en el modelo hemoparásito-quelonios en Colombia
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestría
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Medicina - Maestría en Infecciones y Salud en el Trópico
dc.contributor.researchgroupCaracterización Genética e Inmunología
dc.coverage.countryColombia
dc.description.degreelevelMaestría
dc.description.degreenameMagister en Infecciones y salud en el Trópico
dc.description.researchareaParasitología y Biología molecular en reptiles
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
dc.publisher.departmentDepartamento de Salud Pública
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Medicina
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject.decsAnálisis parasitológico
dc.subject.lembFilogenia
dc.subject.lembPhylogeny
dc.subject.lembParasitological analysis
dc.subject.proposalAdeleorina
dc.subject.proposalTortugas
dc.subject.proposalGenoma
dc.subject.proposal18S
dc.subject.proposalGenes mitocondriales
dc.subject.proposalDiagnóstico
dc.subject.proposalHipótesis filogenética
dc.subject.proposalTurtles
dc.subject.proposalGenome
dc.subject.proposalMitochondrial genes
dc.subject.proposalDiagnose
dc.subject.proposalLineage diversity
dc.subject.proposalAdeleorina
dc.subject.proposal18S
dc.title.translatedAnalysis of biological relationships in the hemoparasitechelonian model in Colombia
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