Utilizando herramientas moleculares para aumentar el conocimiento de quelonios continentales endémicos y amenazados del Chocó Biogeográfico

dc.contributor.advisorVargas Ramírez, Mario
dc.contributor.authorCuadrado Rios, Sebastian Adolfo
dc.contributor.cvlacscienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0000020762
dc.contributor.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1060-820X
dc.contributor.researchgatehttps://www.researchgate.net/profile/Sebastian-Cuadrado-Rios
dc.contributor.researchgroupGrupo de Biodiversidad y Conservación Genética, Instituto de Genética
dc.coverage.countryColombia
dc.coverage.regionhttp://vocab.getty.edu/page/tgn/7016640
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-07T02:05:16Z
dc.date.available2026-04-07T02:05:16Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.descriptionilustraciones principalmente a color, diagramas, fotografías, tablasspa
dc.description.abstractThe Biogeographic Chocó, located in northwestern South America, is one of the planet’s major biodiversity hotspots, yet its freshwater turtles remain poorly studied. This dissertation aimed to generate genomic resources and to evaluate genetic diversity, population connectivity, and evolutionary relationships of key species in the region, with emphasis on Trachemys medemi. In the first chapter, the three first complete mitochondrial genomes of T. medemi were sequenced and annotated, confirming its placement within the South American Trachemys clade and providing useful references to standardize costeffective markers such as the D-loop. The second chapter analyzed the phylogeography of Kinosternon leucostomum using mitochondrial and nuclear DNA, revealing shallow genetic structure dominated by isolation by distance, with genetic breaks at the Hess Escarpment and the Río Prado. The third chapter assessed the population genetics of T. medemi using D-loop sequences and 11 microsatellites from 96 individuals, finding panmictic populations with low nuclear diversity (He = 0.479) and an estimated effective population size of 246 (95% CI: 28–1305). Finally, the fourth chapter addressed the phylogenomics of the genus Rhinoclemmys, supporting a scenario of multiple Miocene invasions into South America. Taken together, these results highlight both the evolutionary importance of the Chocó and the vulnerability of its turtles to anthropogenic pressures, emphasizing the need for conservation strategies that integrate genetics, ecology, and habitat management.eng
dc.description.abstractEl Chocó Biogeográfico, en el noroeste de Suramérica, constituye uno de los principales focos de biodiversidad del planeta, pero sus tortugas de agua dulce siguen siendo poco estudiadas. Esta tesis tuvo como objetivo generar recursos genómicos y evaluar la diversidad genética, la conectividad poblacional y las relaciones evolutivas de especies clave de la región, con énfasis en Trachemys medemi. En el primer capítulo se secuenciaron y anotaron los tres primeros genomas mitocondriales completos de T. medemi, los cuales confirmaron su pertenencia al clado suramericano de Trachemys y proporcionaron referencias útiles para estandarizar marcadores de bajo costo como el D-loop. En el segundo capítulo se analizó la filogeografía de Kinosternon leucostomum mediante ADN mitocondrial y nuclear, revelando una estructura genética poco profunda dominada por aislamiento por distancia y con discontinuidades genéticas que ocurren por el Escarpe de Hess y el río Prado. En el tercer capítulo se evaluó la genética poblacional de T. medemi con secuencias del D-loop y 11 microsatélites en 96 individuos, encontrando poblaciones panmícticas con baja diversidad nuclear (He = 0,479) y un tamaño efectivo poblacional estimado en 246 (IC95%: 28–1305). Finalmente, el cuarto capítulo abordó la filogenómica del género Rhinoclemmys, soportando un escenario de múltiples invasiones durante el Mioceno hacia Sur América. En conjunto, los resultados evidencian tanto la importancia evolutiva del Chocó como la vulnerabilidad de sus tortugas frente a presiones antrópicas, resaltando la necesidad de estrategias de conservación que integren genética, ecología y manejo de hábitats. (Texto tomado de la fuente)spa
dc.description.degreelevelDoctorado
dc.description.degreenameDoctor en Ciencias - Biología
dc.description.notesTexto en inglés
dc.description.researchareaSistemática y evolución
dc.description.sponsorshipMinisterio de Ciencia y Tecnología de Colombia
dc.description.sponsorshipTurtle Conservation Fund (TCF)
dc.description.sponsorshipTurtle Survival Alliance (TSA)
dc.description.sponsorshipGerman Academic Exchange Service (DAAD)
dc.format.extentix, 115 páginas
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/89796
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
dc.publisher.departmentDepartamento de Biologíaspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ciencias
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombia
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Ciencias - Doctorado en Ciencias - Biología
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subject.ddc570 - Biología
dc.subject.proposalChocó Biogeográficospa
dc.subject.proposalGenética poblacionalspa
dc.subject.proposalFilogeografíaspa
dc.subject.proposalConservaciónspa
dc.subject.proposalTortugas dulceacuícolasspa
dc.subject.proposalBiogeographic Chocóeng
dc.subject.proposalPopulation geneticseng
dc.subject.proposalPhylogeographyeng
dc.subject.proposalConservationeng
dc.subject.proposalFreshwater turtleseng
dc.subject.unescoBiodiversidadspa
dc.subject.unescoBiodiversityeng
dc.subject.unescoEspecie en peligro de extinciónspa
dc.subject.unescoEndangered specieseng
dc.subject.unescoConservación ambientalspa
dc.subject.unescoEnvironmental conservationeng
dc.titleUtilizando herramientas moleculares para aumentar el conocimiento de quelonios continentales endémicos y amenazados del Chocó Biogeográficospa
dc.title.translatedUsing molecular tools to increase knowledge of endemic and threatened continental chelonians of the Biogeographic Chocóeng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Doctorado
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.contentText
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TD
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadores
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
oaire.awardtitleMinisterio de Ciencia y Tecnología de Colombia, Proyecto BPIN 2021000100003 “Formación de Capital Humano de Alto Nivel - Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Beca Bicentenario Corte II”
oaire.awardtitleGerman Academic Exchange Service (DAAD), Research Grant (bi-nationally supervised Doctoral Degree/Cotutelle, 2023/24)
oaire.fundernameGerman Academic Exchange Service (DAAD)
oaire.fundernameMinisterio de Ciencia y Tecnología de Colombia

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