Utilizando herramientas moleculares para aumentar el conocimiento de quelonios continentales endémicos y amenazados del Chocó Biogeográfico
| dc.contributor.advisor | Vargas Ramírez, Mario | |
| dc.contributor.author | Cuadrado Rios, Sebastian Adolfo | |
| dc.contributor.cvlac | scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0000020762 | |
| dc.contributor.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1060-820X | |
| dc.contributor.researchgate | https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Sebastian-Cuadrado-Rios | |
| dc.contributor.researchgroup | Grupo de Biodiversidad y Conservación Genética, Instituto de Genética | |
| dc.coverage.country | Colombia | |
| dc.coverage.region | http://vocab.getty.edu/page/tgn/7016640 | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2026-04-07T02:05:16Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2026-04-07T02:05:16Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2025 | |
| dc.description | ilustraciones principalmente a color, diagramas, fotografías, tablas | spa |
| dc.description.abstract | The Biogeographic Chocó, located in northwestern South America, is one of the planet’s major biodiversity hotspots, yet its freshwater turtles remain poorly studied. This dissertation aimed to generate genomic resources and to evaluate genetic diversity, population connectivity, and evolutionary relationships of key species in the region, with emphasis on Trachemys medemi. In the first chapter, the three first complete mitochondrial genomes of T. medemi were sequenced and annotated, confirming its placement within the South American Trachemys clade and providing useful references to standardize costeffective markers such as the D-loop. The second chapter analyzed the phylogeography of Kinosternon leucostomum using mitochondrial and nuclear DNA, revealing shallow genetic structure dominated by isolation by distance, with genetic breaks at the Hess Escarpment and the Río Prado. The third chapter assessed the population genetics of T. medemi using D-loop sequences and 11 microsatellites from 96 individuals, finding panmictic populations with low nuclear diversity (He = 0.479) and an estimated effective population size of 246 (95% CI: 28–1305). Finally, the fourth chapter addressed the phylogenomics of the genus Rhinoclemmys, supporting a scenario of multiple Miocene invasions into South America. Taken together, these results highlight both the evolutionary importance of the Chocó and the vulnerability of its turtles to anthropogenic pressures, emphasizing the need for conservation strategies that integrate genetics, ecology, and habitat management. | eng |
| dc.description.abstract | El Chocó Biogeográfico, en el noroeste de Suramérica, constituye uno de los principales focos de biodiversidad del planeta, pero sus tortugas de agua dulce siguen siendo poco estudiadas. Esta tesis tuvo como objetivo generar recursos genómicos y evaluar la diversidad genética, la conectividad poblacional y las relaciones evolutivas de especies clave de la región, con énfasis en Trachemys medemi. En el primer capítulo se secuenciaron y anotaron los tres primeros genomas mitocondriales completos de T. medemi, los cuales confirmaron su pertenencia al clado suramericano de Trachemys y proporcionaron referencias útiles para estandarizar marcadores de bajo costo como el D-loop. En el segundo capítulo se analizó la filogeografía de Kinosternon leucostomum mediante ADN mitocondrial y nuclear, revelando una estructura genética poco profunda dominada por aislamiento por distancia y con discontinuidades genéticas que ocurren por el Escarpe de Hess y el río Prado. En el tercer capítulo se evaluó la genética poblacional de T. medemi con secuencias del D-loop y 11 microsatélites en 96 individuos, encontrando poblaciones panmícticas con baja diversidad nuclear (He = 0,479) y un tamaño efectivo poblacional estimado en 246 (IC95%: 28–1305). Finalmente, el cuarto capítulo abordó la filogenómica del género Rhinoclemmys, soportando un escenario de múltiples invasiones durante el Mioceno hacia Sur América. En conjunto, los resultados evidencian tanto la importancia evolutiva del Chocó como la vulnerabilidad de sus tortugas frente a presiones antrópicas, resaltando la necesidad de estrategias de conservación que integren genética, ecología y manejo de hábitats. (Texto tomado de la fuente) | spa |
| dc.description.degreelevel | Doctorado | |
| dc.description.degreename | Doctor en Ciencias - Biología | |
| dc.description.notes | Texto en inglés | |
| dc.description.researcharea | Sistemática y evolución | |
| dc.description.sponsorship | Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología de Colombia | |
| dc.description.sponsorship | Turtle Conservation Fund (TCF) | |
| dc.description.sponsorship | Turtle Survival Alliance (TSA) | |
| dc.description.sponsorship | German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) | |
| dc.format.extent | ix, 115 páginas | |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | |
| dc.identifier.instname | Universidad Nacional de Colombia | spa |
| dc.identifier.reponame | Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia | spa |
| dc.identifier.repourl | https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/ | spa |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/89796 | |
| dc.language.iso | eng | |
| dc.publisher | Universidad Nacional de Colombia | |
| dc.publisher.branch | Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá | |
| dc.publisher.department | Departamento de Biología | spa |
| dc.publisher.faculty | Facultad de Ciencias | |
| dc.publisher.place | Bogotá, Colombia | |
| dc.publisher.program | Bogotá - Ciencias - Doctorado en Ciencias - Biología | |
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| dc.rights.accessrights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | |
| dc.rights.license | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional | |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ | |
| dc.subject.ddc | 570 - Biología | |
| dc.subject.proposal | Chocó Biogeográfico | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Genética poblacional | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Filogeografía | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Conservación | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Tortugas dulceacuícolas | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Biogeographic Chocó | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Population genetics | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Phylogeography | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Conservation | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Freshwater turtles | eng |
| dc.subject.unesco | Biodiversidad | spa |
| dc.subject.unesco | Biodiversity | eng |
| dc.subject.unesco | Especie en peligro de extinción | spa |
| dc.subject.unesco | Endangered species | eng |
| dc.subject.unesco | Conservación ambiental | spa |
| dc.subject.unesco | Environmental conservation | eng |
| dc.title | Utilizando herramientas moleculares para aumentar el conocimiento de quelonios continentales endémicos y amenazados del Chocó Biogeográfico | spa |
| dc.title.translated | Using molecular tools to increase knowledge of endemic and threatened continental chelonians of the Biogeographic Chocó | eng |
| dc.type | Trabajo de grado - Doctorado | |
| dc.type.coar | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06 | |
| dc.type.coarversion | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa | |
| dc.type.content | Text | |
| dc.type.driver | info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis | |
| dc.type.redcol | http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TD | |
| dc.type.version | info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion | |
| dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Investigadores | |
| oaire.accessrights | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 | |
| oaire.awardtitle | Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología de Colombia, Proyecto BPIN 2021000100003 “Formación de Capital Humano de Alto Nivel - Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Beca Bicentenario Corte II” | |
| oaire.awardtitle | German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD), Research Grant (bi-nationally supervised Doctoral Degree/Cotutelle, 2023/24) | |
| oaire.fundername | German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) | |
| oaire.fundername | Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología de Colombia |
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