Recuperación de cobalto a partir del reciclaje de baterías ion-litio mediante el uso de biolixiviación y electroobtención
| dc.contributor.advisor | Ocampo Carmona, Luz Marina | spa |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Márquez Godoy, Marco Antonio | spa |
| dc.contributor.author | Estrada Ramírez, Natalia | spa |
| dc.contributor.corporatename | Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Medellín | spa |
| dc.contributor.researchgroup | Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales | spa |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2020-08-27T21:04:43Z | spa |
| dc.date.available | 2020-08-27T21:04:43Z | spa |
| dc.date.issued | 2020-08-27 | spa |
| dc.description.abstract | De la misma forma en la que se recupera cobalto desde su fuente primaria (minería), es importante recuperarlo a partir de los residuos electrónicos que lo contienen, como las baterías ion-litio gastadas. Hasta el momento se ha probado que por medios bio es posible recuperarlo tanto desde el mineral como desde presas de relaves, sin embargo, la posibilidad de recuperarlo secundariamente a partir de baterías ion-litio gastadas, aunque ha sido explorada requiere más estudio. Con el fin de recuperar cobalto de esta forma se realizó una recolección de celdas de baterías ion-litio, dónde se obtuvo una mayoría de la marca Samsung de una referencia en particular. Estas baterías se procesaron para separar el material catódico, el cual posteriormente se caracterizó por ICP encontrándose un contenido de 9,64% en peso de cobalto. Luego se continuó con la etapa de biolixiviación en la que se realizó una reactivación de doce cepas de Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (Af), cuatro de Leptospirillum ferrooxidans (Lf) y cinco de Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans (At), con las cuales se procedió a realizar un tamizado de cepas, al final de este se concluyó continuar con una biolixiviación en dos pasos. Para este fin se utilizó la cepa At ATCC 19377 en medio 9K y con azufre elemental como fuente de energía para producir el ácido biogénico en un primer paso, el cual, luego de haberse producido se filtró al vacío a 0,45 µm. En un segundo paso se utilizó el ácido biogénico para biolixiviar el material catódico proveniente de las baterías ion-litio, este proceso se realizó con el material catódico intacto y triturado, obteniéndose un porcentaje de lixiviación del 96,9% para el material catódico intacto y del 98,5% para el material catódico triturado, determinado por UV-vis. Finalmente se procedió a realizar la electroobtención del cobalto a partir de la solución madre de sulfato obtenida en la biolixiviación, la cual se realizó a temperatura ambiente y a 60°C, el depósito a temperatura ambiente fue más irregular, con una textura granosa y presentó un porcentaje de pureza del 77,87% Co, mientras que el depósito a 60°C resultó ser liso, regular y presentó un porcentaje de pureza del 84,01% Co, éstas se obtuvieron por FRX. | spa |
| dc.description.abstract | In the same way that cobalt is recovered from its primary source (mining), it is important to recover it from the electronic waste that contains it, such as spent lithium-ion batteries. So far, it has been proven that by bio means it can be recovered both from the mineral and from tailings dams, however, the possibility of recovering it secondarily from spent lithium-ion batteries, although it has been explored requires further study. In order to recover cobalt in this way, a lithium-ion battery cell gather was performed, where a majority was a particular reference of Samsung brand. These batteries were processed to separate the cathodic material, which was subsequently characterized by ICP finding a content of 9,64% by weight of cobalt. Then the bioleaching stage was continued in which a reactivation of twelve strains of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (Af), four of Leptospirillum ferrooxidans (Lf) and five of Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans (At) were carried out, with which a screennig was carried, at the end of this it was concluded to continue with a bioleaching in two-steps. For this purpose, the strain At ATCC 19377 was used in 9K medium and with elemental sulfur as a source of energy to produce the biogenic acid in a first step, which, after having been produced, was filtered under vacuum at 0,45 µm. In a second step, the biogenic acid was used to bioleach the cathode material from the lithium-ion batteries, this process was carried out with the cathode material intact and crushed, obtaining a leaching percentage of 96,9% for the intact cathode material and 98,5% for crushed cathodic material, determined by UV-vis. Finally, the electrowinning of cobalt was carried out from the sulfate pregnant solution obtained in bioleaching, which was performed at room temperature and at 60°C, the deposit at room temperature was more irregular, with a grainy texture and presented a percentage of purity of 77,87% Co, while the deposit at 60°C was smooth, regular and presented a purity percentage of 84,01% Co, purities were obtained by XRF. | spa |
| dc.description.degreelevel | Maestría | spa |
| dc.format.extent | 144 | spa |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | spa |
| dc.identifier.citation | N. Estrada-Ramírez, «Recuperación de cobalto a partir del reciclaje de baterías ion-litio mediante el uso de biolixiviación y electroobtención,» Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Medellín, 2020. | spa |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/78292 | |
| dc.language.iso | spa | spa |
| dc.publisher.branch | Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Medellín | spa |
| dc.publisher.department | Departamento de Materiales y Minerales | spa |
| dc.publisher.program | Medellín - Minas - Maestría en Ingeniería - Materiales y Procesos | spa |
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| dc.rights | Derechos reservados - Universidad Nacional de Colombia | spa |
| dc.rights.accessrights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | spa |
| dc.rights.license | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional | spa |
| dc.rights.spa | Acceso abierto | spa |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ | spa |
| dc.subject.ddc | 620 - Ingeniería y operaciones afines::622 - Minería y operaciones relacionadas | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | baterías ion-litio | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | lithium-ion batteries | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | cobalto | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | cobalt | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | ácido biogénico | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | biogenic acid | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | biolixiviación | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | bioleaching | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | electroobtención | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | electrowinning | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | cathodic material | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | material catódico | spa |
| dc.title | Recuperación de cobalto a partir del reciclaje de baterías ion-litio mediante el uso de biolixiviación y electroobtención | spa |
| dc.title.alternative | Cobalt recovery from lithium-ion battery recycling using bioleaching and electrowinning | spa |
| dc.type | Trabajo de grado - Maestría | spa |
| dc.type.coar | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc | spa |
| dc.type.coarversion | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa | spa |
| dc.type.content | Text | spa |
| dc.type.driver | info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis | spa |
| dc.type.version | info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion | spa |
| oaire.accessrights | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 | spa |
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- Nombre:
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- Descripción:
- Tesis de Maestría en Ingeniería - Materiales y Procesos
