Efectos de la incorporación de microorganismos, metabolitos y fertilizantes en hidrogeles reforzados con nanocelulosa sobre sus propiedades físicas y fisicoquímicas

dc.contributor.advisorRodríguez Barona , Sneyder
dc.contributor.advisorGuancha Chalapud , Marcelo
dc.contributor.authorGil Henao, Luisa Fernanda
dc.contributor.cvlacGil Henao, Luisa Fernanda [0002076752]
dc.contributor.orcidGil Henao, Luisa Fernanda [0009000157630041]
dc.contributor.researchgroupBacterias Acido Lácticas y sus aplicaciones Biotecnologicasindustriales
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-07T18:17:15Z
dc.date.available2026-04-07T18:17:15Z
dc.date.issued2026-03-06
dc.descriptionilustraciones, graficas, tablasspa
dc.description.abstractEn el contexto de la agricultura sostenible, el desarrollo de materiales funcionales que mejoren la eficiencia en el uso de agua y nutrientes representa un desafío clave. En este estudio se evalúan los efectos de la incorporación de microorganismos, metabolitos y fertilizantes en hidrogeles reforzados con nanocelulosa obtenida a partir de cutícula de Aloe vera, sobre sus propiedades físicas, fisicoquímicas y funcionales. La nanocelulosa se obtuvo con un rendimiento del 7,84% respecto a la fibra inicial, confirmándose su morfología nanométrica (24 ± 6,8 nm) mediante microscopía electrónica de barrido (SEM) y la presencia de grupos característicos mediante FTIR, validando el aprovechamiento de este residuo agroindustrial como fuente sostenible de refuerzo polimérico. Los hidrogeles fueron sintetizados mediante reticulación, incorporando de forma independiente fertilizantes (NPK), metabolitos y bacterias ácido lácticas (BAL). La adición de fertilizante en concentraciones de 5, 10 y 15% generó una disminución en la capacidad de hinchamiento y retención de agua, atribuida a la ocupación de sitios activos de la red polimérica, mientras que aumentó la rigidez y resistencia mecánica del material. Por su parte, los hidrogeles con metabolitos mostraron comportamientos dependientes de la cepa, donde la presencia de ácidos orgánicos, principalmente ácido láctico, indujo modificaciones en la red polimérica sin afectar significativamente la retención hídrica, constituyendo un enfoque innovador no reportado previamente. La incorporación de Lactobacillus plantarum y Weissella cibaria mediante inmersión post-polimerización permitió mantener la viabilidad bacteriana durante 8 días, evidenciando además un incremento en la capacidad de hinchamiento respecto al control, lo que sugiere interacciones entre las células y la matriz polimérica. En conjunto, los resultados demuestran que la incorporación de fertilizantes, metabolitos y BAL permite modular de manera diferenciada las propiedades del hidrogel, destacando su potencial como sistema multifuncional para retención hídrica, liberación controlada y biofuncionalidad en aplicaciones agrícolas sostenibles (Texto tomado de la fuente).spa
dc.description.abstractIn the context of sustainable agriculture, the development of functional materials that improve water and nutrient use efficiency represents a key challenge. This study evaluates the effects of incorporating microorganisms, metabolites, and fertilizers into nanocellulose-reinforced hydrogels derived from Aloe vera cuticle, focusing on their physical, physicochemical, and functional properties. Nanocellulose was obtained with a yield of 7.84% relative to the initial fiber, and its nanometric morphology (24 ± 6.8 nm) was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) verified the presence of characteristic cellulose functional groups. These results validate the potential of this agro-industrial residue as a sustainable and renewable source for reinforcing polymeric matrices. Hydrogels were synthesized through polymer network crosslinking, incorporating fertilizers (NPK), metabolites, and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) independently. The addition of fertilizer at concentrations of 5, 10, and 15% led to a decrease in swelling capacity and water retention, attributed to the occupation of active sites within the polymeric network, while increasing the rigidity and compressive strength of the material. In contrast, hydrogels containing metabolites exhibited strain-dependent behavior; the presence of organic acids, mainly lactic acid, induced modifications in the polymer network without significantly affecting water retention, representing an innovative approach not previously reported. The incorporation of Lactobacillus plantarum and Weissella cibaria via post-polymerization immersion maintained bacterial viability for up to 8 days. Additionally, these hydrogels showed increased swelling capacity compared to the control, suggesting interactions between the cells and the polymer matrix. Overall, the results demonstrate that the incorporation of fertilizers, metabolites, and LAB allows for the tailored modulation of hydrogel properties. Fertilizers enhance mechanical strength but reduce water retention, while LAB promote swelling and introduce potential biofunctional properties. These findings support the development of multifunctional hydrogels for water retention, controlled release, and bioactive applications in sustainable agriculture.eng
dc.description.curricularareaQuímica Y Procesos.Sede Manizales
dc.description.degreelevelMaestría
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Ingeniería - Ingeniería Química
dc.format.extent122 páginas
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/89797
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Manizales
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ingeniería y Arquitectura
dc.publisher.placeManizales, Colombia
dc.publisher.programManizales - Ingeniería y Arquitectura - Maestría en Ingeniería - Ingeniería Química
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dc.relation.indexedBireme
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subject.ddc660 - Ingeniería química
dc.subject.proposalHidrogelesspa
dc.subject.proposalHydrogelseng
dc.subject.proposalNanocelulosaspa
dc.subject.proposalNanocelluloseeng
dc.subject.proposalBacterias ácido lácticasspa
dc.subject.proposalLactic acid bacteriaeng
dc.subject.proposalMetabolitosspa
dc.subject.proposalMetaboliteseng
dc.subject.proposalFertilizantesspa
dc.subject.proposalFertilizerseng
dc.subject.unescoBiotecnología
dc.subject.unescoBiotechnology
dc.subject.unescoFertilizante
dc.subject.unescoFertilizer
dc.subject.unescoMicroorganismo
dc.subject.unescoMicroorganisms
dc.titleEfectos de la incorporación de microorganismos, metabolitos y fertilizantes en hidrogeles reforzados con nanocelulosa sobre sus propiedades físicas y fisicoquímicasspa
dc.title.translatedEffects of the incorporation of microorganisms, metabolites, and fertilizers into nanocellulose-reinforced hydrogels on their physical and physicochemical propertieseng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestría
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.contentText
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentBibliotecarios
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEstudiantes
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadores
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentMaestros
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentPúblico general
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
oaire.awardtitleConvocatoria Nacional para el Fomento de Alianzas Estratégicas interdisciplinarias que articulen los procesos misionales de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia 2022-2024

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