Evaluación teórica/experimental de las propiedades fisicoquímicas del combustible Jet-A1 y el efecto generado en dichas propiedades por la presencia de agua

dc.contributor.advisorBenjumea Hernández, Pedro Nelspa
dc.contributor.authorBenavides Chaves, Alirio Yobanyspa
dc.date.accessioned2020-12-07T16:13:31Zspa
dc.date.available2020-12-07T16:13:31Zspa
dc.date.issued2020-04spa
dc.description.abstractUno de los combustibles de aviación más usados a nivel mundial es el Jet – A1, el cual es un destilado medio proveniente de los procesos de refino del petróleo crudo, con características especiales de calidad y tratado químicamente para eliminar compuestos indeseables. Las propiedades fisicoquímicas del Jet-A1 dependen fundamentalmente de su composición química, la cual puede variar de muestra a muestra como resultado de la diversidad de la dieta de crudos que procese la refinería. Por tanto, se hace importante estudiar la relación que existe entre composición y propiedades y el desarrollo e implementación de nuevas alternativas y métodos de control de calidad rápidos y con alto nivel de confiabilidad. En este trabajo se realiza una evaluación teórica y experimental del efecto de la composición química y del contenido de agua en las propiedades fisicoquímicas básicas del combustible Jet A1. Inicialmente se desarrolla una metodología basada en cromatografía de gases acoplada a espectrometría de masas (GC-MS) para determinar la composición de un conjunto representativo de muestras de Jet A1. La aplicación de dicha metodología permite cuantificar el contenido en porcentaje másico de cinco (5) familias principales de hidrocarburos: parafínicos, cicloparafínicos (nafténicos), aromáticos, derivados del naftaleno y derivados de la tetralina y del indano. Posteriormente, se analiza el efecto de las variaciones en la composición química sobre un conjunto de propiedades fisicoquímicas representativas del combustible (calor de combustión, destilación, gravedad específica, punto de congelamiento, punto de inflamación, viscosidad y temperatura de inicio de cristalización). Mediante análisis estadístico se identifican los componentes puros de cada familia de hidrocarburos con mayor efecto significativo sobre cada propiedad fisicoquímica. Para evaluar el efecto generado por el mezclado del combustible con agua se recurre a un diseño de experimentos y a un análisis estadístico univariado y multivariado. Los resultados indican que a concentraciones de agua superiores a 3000 ppm se presentan cambios significativos en propiedades fisicoquímicas como destilación, punto de congelamiento, punto de inflamación, viscosidad cinemática y temperatura de inicio de cristalización. Finalmente, se analizan modelos teóricos propiedad-composición para predecir las propiedades fisicoquímicas del combustible Jet A1. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron ajustes satisfactorios para cada propiedad, indicando que este tipo de modelos se pueden considerar como una herramienta valiosa para la predicción rápida de las especificaciones de calidad del combustible Jet-A1.spa
dc.description.abstractThe Jet-A1 is one of the most widely used aviation fuels worldwide. This is a medium distillate from crude oil refining processes, with special quality characteristics and chemically treated to remove undesirable compounds. The physicochemical properties of this fuel mainly depend on its composition, which may vary from sample to sample as a result of the diversity of the crude diet processed by the refinery. Therefore, it is important to study the relationship between composition and properties in order to develop and implement new alternatives and rapid quality control methods with a high level of reliability. The aim of this work is to perform a theoretical and experimental evaluation of the effect of chemical composition and water content on the physiochemical properties of the Jet A1 fuel. Initially, a methodology based on gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is developed for quantifying the composition of a representative set of fuel samples. Application of this methodology allows determining the content in mass percent of five hydrocarbon families: paraffinic, naphthenic, aromatic or benzenic compounds, naphthalene, tetralin and indane derived compounds. Then, the effect of composition variation on a set of fuel properties (heat value, distillation curve, specific gravity, freezing point, flash point, viscosity, and onset crystallization temperature) is analyzed. The pure components of each hydrocarbon family with the greatest significative effect on each fuel property were identify by means of statistical analysis. The effect of the fuel/water mixing process was evaluated by an experimental design and univariate and multivariate statistical analysis. Results indicate that significative changes in the physicochemical properties such as distillation, freezing point, flash point, kinematic viscosity and crystallization onset temperature appear at water concentrations above 3000 ppm. Finally, property-composition models to predict the physicochemical properties of the Jet A1 fuel were derived from a theoretical study. Results show satisfactory adjustments for each property and so can be considered as a valuable tool for the rapid prediction of the quality specifications of this type of fuel.spa
dc.description.additionalLínea de Investigación: Combustibles Líquidosspa
dc.description.degreelevelDoctoradospa
dc.format.extent182spa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/78678
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Medellínspa
dc.publisher.departmentDepartamento de Procesos y Energíaspa
dc.publisher.programMedellín - Minas - Doctorado en Ingeniería - Sistemas Energéticosspa
dc.relation.referencesASTM, 2020. ASTM D1655 - 20 Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels.spa
dc.relation.referencesASTM, 2019a. ASTM D240 - 19 Standard Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter.spa
dc.relation.referencesASTM, 2019b. ASTM D86 - 19 Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressurespa
dc.relation.referencesASTM, 2019c. ASTM D287 - 12b(2019) Standard Test Method for API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Petroleum Products (Hydrometer Method).spa
dc.relation.referencesASTM, 2019d. ASTM D2386 - 19 Standard Test Method for Freezing Point of Aviation Fuelsspa
dc.relation.referencesASTM, 2019e. ASTM D445 - 19a Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity).spa
dc.relation.referencesASTM, 2017. ASTM D2425 - 17 Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Middle Distillates by Mass Spectrometry.spa
dc.relation.referencesASTM, 2016. ASTM D56 - 16a Standard Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Cup Tester.spa
dc.relation.referencesASTM, 1988. Physical Constants of Hydrocarbon and Non-Hydrocarbon Compounds 2nd Edition Compiled by ASTM Committee D-2 On Petroleum Products And Lubricants And The American Petroleum Institute’s Refining Department Technical Data Committee, Who Worked With The Depart.spa
dc.relation.referencesBaena-Zambrana, S., Repetto, S.L., Lawson, C.P., Lam, J.K.W., 2013. Behaviour of water in jet fuel - A literature review. Prog. Aerosp. Sci. doi:10.1016/j.paerosci.2012.12.001spa
dc.relation.referencesCookson, D.J., Iliopoulos, P., Smith, B.E., 1995. Composition-property relations for jet and diesel fuels of variable boiling range. Fuel. doi:10.1016/0016-2361(94)P4333-Wspa
dc.relation.referencesCookson, D.J., Latten, J.L., Shaw, I.M., Smith, B.E., 1985. Property-composition relationships for diesel and kerosene fuels. Fuel. doi:10.1016/0016-2361(85)90086-9spa
dc.relation.referencesCookson, D.J., Lloyd, C.P., Smith, B.E., 1987. Investigation of the Chemical Basis of Kerosene (Jet Fuel) Specification Properties. Energy and Fuels. doi:10.1021/ef00005a011spa
dc.relation.referencesCookson, D.J., Smith, B.E., 1992. Observed and Predicted Properties of Jet and Diesel Fuels Formulated from Coal Liquefaction and Fischer-Tropsch Feedstocks. Energy and Fuels. doi:10.1021/ef00035a007spa
dc.relation.referencesCookson, D.J., Smith, B.E., 1990. Calculation of Jet and Diesel Fuel Properties Using 13C NMR Spectroscopy. Energy and Fuels. doi:10.1021/ef00020a004spa
dc.relation.referencesCookson, D.J., Smith, B.E., Johnston, R.R.M., 1993. Relationships between diesel fuel ignition quality indicators and composition. Fuel. doi:10.1016/0016-2361(93)90578-Pspa
dc.relation.referencesCooper, J.B., Larkin, C.M., Schmitigal, J., Morris, R.E., Abdelkader, M.F., 2011. Rapid analysis of jet fuel using a handheld near-infrared (NIR) analyzer. Appl. Spectrosc. doi:10.1366/10-06076spa
dc.relation.referencesCramer, J.A., Hammond, M.H., Myers, K.M., Leska, I.A., Morris, R.E., 2015. Expanded Framework for the Prediction of Alternative Fuel Content and Alternative Fuel Blend Performance Properties Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopic Data. Energy and Fuels. doi:10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5b01660spa
dc.relation.referencesGehron, M., Yost, R., 2008. Hydrocarbon-Type Analysis of Jet Fuel with Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry, in: Novel Techniques in Fossil Fuel Mass Spectrometry. ASTM International, pp. 24-24–14. doi:10.1520/stp18672sspa
dc.relation.referencesGehron, M.J., Yosi, R.A., Gehron, R.:, Yost, M.J., 1989. Hydrocarbon-Type Analysis of Jet Fuel with Gas Chromatography/Mass.spa
dc.relation.referencesGómez-Carracedo, M.P., Andrade, J.M., Calviño, M., Fernández, E., Prada, D., Muniategui, S., 2003. Multivariate prediction of eight kerosene properties employing vapour-phase mid-infrared spectrometry. Fuel. doi:10.1016/S0016-2361(02)00381-2spa
dc.relation.referencesGujarati, D.N., Porter, D.C., 2009. Basic Econometrics (5th ed.), Basic Econometrics.spa
dc.relation.referencesHemighaus, G., Bacha, J., Barnes, F., Franklin, M., Gibbs, L., Hogue, N., Lesninni, D., Lind, J., Maybury, J., Morris, J., 2006. Aviation Fuels Technical Review. Rev. Lit. Arts Am.spa
dc.relation.referencesICONTEC, 2018. NTC 1899 - 18. Petróleo y sus derivados. combustible de aviación para motores a reacción.spa
dc.relation.referencesKallio, P., Pásztor, A., Akhtar, M.K., Jones, P.R., 2014. Renewable jet fuel. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2013.09.006spa
dc.relation.referencesLam, J.K.W., Carpenter, M.D., Williams, C.A., Hetherington, J.I., 2014. Water solubility characteristics of current aviation jet fuels. Fuel. doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2014.04.091spa
dc.relation.referencesLiu, G., Wang, L., Qu, H., Shen, H., Zhang, X., Zhang, S., Mi, Z., 2007. Artificial neural network approaches on composition-property relationships of jet fuels based on GC-MS. Fuel. doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2007.02.023spa
dc.relation.referencesMinistry of Defence, 2019. Def Stan 91-91. Turbine Fuel, Kerosene Type, Jet A-1; NATO Code: F-35; Joint Service Designation: AVTUR.spa
dc.relation.referencesMontgomery, D., 2004. Diseño y análisis de experimentos. Limusa Wiley.spa
dc.relation.referencesMurray, B.J., Broadley, S.L., Morris, G.J., 2011. Supercooling of water droplets in jet aviation fuel. Fuel. doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2010.08.018spa
dc.relation.referencesPearson, K., Käfer, T., Kraaij, G., Wörner, A., 2015. Experimental study of the partial catalytic dehydrogenation of selected kerosene components with PteSn/γ-Al2O3. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy. doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.11.060spa
dc.relation.referencesRencher, A.C., William, F.C., 2012. Methods of multivariate analysis: Third edition, Methods of Multivariate Analysis: Third Edition. doi:10.1002/9781118391686spa
dc.relation.referencesShen, J., Astrath, N.G.C., Pedreira, P.R.B., Guimarães, F.B., Gieleciak, R., Wen, Q., Michaelian, K.H., Fairbridge, C., Malacarne, L.C., Rohling, J.H., Baesso, M.L., 2016. Correlations among thermophysical properties, ignition quality, volatility, chemical composition, and kinematic viscosity of petroleum distillates. Fuel. doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2015.08.029spa
dc.relation.referencesShi, X., Li, H., Song, Z., Zhang, X., Liu, G., 2017. Quantitative composition-property relationship of aviation hydrocarbon fuel based on comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with mass spectrometry and flame ionization detector. Fuel. doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2017.03.073spa
dc.relation.referencesUNE, 2001. UNE-EN ISO 12937:2001 Productos petrolíferos.spa
dc.relation.referencesvan der Westhuizen, R., Ajam, M., De Coning, P., Beens, J., de Villiers, A., Sandra, P., 2011. Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography for the analysis of synthetic and crude-derived jet fuels. J. Chromatogr. A. doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2011.05.009spa
dc.relation.referencesVozka, P., Kilaz, G., 2019. How to obtain a detailed chemical composition for middle distillates via GC × GC-FID without the need of GC × GC-TOF/MS. Fuel. doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2019.03.009spa
dc.relation.referencesYang, H., Briker, Y., Szynkarczuk, R., Ring, Z., 2004. Prediction of density and cetane number of diesel fuel from GC-FIMS and PIONA hydrocarbon composition by neural network, in: ACS Division of Fuel Chemistry, Preprints.spa
dc.relation.referencesYang, H., Ring, Z., Briker, Y., McLean, N., Friesen, W., Fairbridge, C., 2002. Neural network prediction of cetane number and density of diesel fuel from its chemical composition determined by LC and GC-MS. Fuel. doi:10.1016/S0016-2361(01)00121-1spa
dc.rightsDerechos reservados - Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.spaAcceso abiertospa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/spa
dc.subject.ddc620 - Ingeniería y operaciones afinesspa
dc.subject.proposalCombustible Jet A1spa
dc.subject.proposalJet A1 fueleng
dc.subject.proposalPhysicochemical propertieseng
dc.subject.proposalPropiedades fisicoquímicasspa
dc.subject.proposalMezclado agua-combustiblespa
dc.subject.proposalFuel-water mixingeng
dc.subject.proposalComposiciónspa
dc.subject.proposalCompositioneng
dc.subject.proposalAviation fueleng
dc.subject.proposalCombustible de aviaciónspa
dc.titleEvaluación teórica/experimental de las propiedades fisicoquímicas del combustible Jet-A1 y el efecto generado en dichas propiedades por la presencia de aguaspa
dc.title.alternativeTheoretical / experimental evaluation of the physicochemical properties of Jet-A1 fuel and the generating effect on these properties due to the presence of waterspa
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Doctoradospa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06spa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa

Archivos

Bloque original

Mostrando 1 - 1 de 1
Cargando...
Miniatura
Nombre:
87102315.2020.pdf
Tamaño:
2.71 MB
Formato:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Descripción:
Tesis de Doctorado en Ingeniería - Sistemas Energéticos

Bloque de licencias

Mostrando 1 - 1 de 1
Cargando...
Miniatura
Nombre:
license.txt
Tamaño:
3.8 KB
Formato:
Item-specific license agreed upon to submission
Descripción: