Evaluación de la vulnerabilidad de las viviendas de madera en San Andrés de Tumaco ante cargas de sismo y tsunami

dc.contributor.advisorLuna Tamayo, Patriciaspa
dc.contributor.advisorLizarazo Marriaga, Juan Manuelspa
dc.contributor.authorRivas Tabares, Miguel Ángelspa
dc.contributor.researchgroupAnálisis, diseño y materiales - GIESspa
dc.date.accessioned2020-12-03T17:07:10Zspa
dc.date.available2020-12-03T17:07:10Zspa
dc.date.issued2020-12-02spa
dc.description.abstractThe palafitic structures of the Colombian Pacific are the materialization of a way of understanding and inhabiting a territory. Despite their importance as cultural practices associated with the life and traditions of its inhabitants, little attention has been paid to assess their vulnerability from a structural point of view. Thus, this research presents the characterization of palafitic structures located in San Andrés de Tumaco through field observation, physical and mechanical characterization of two wood species (Goupia glabra, Attalea colenda) used in their construction and the typical nailed joints. A structural model was proposed to obtain their behavior under earthquake and tsunami loads and finally, the percentage of damage was evaluated from the elaboration of structural fragility curves. 120 simulations were performed varying the mechanical parameters for earthquake and 960 in the case of tsunami varying the force orientation, the mechanical properties and the code used to determine the forces. As a result, the mechanical characterization of the species, a multilinear model of plasticization of the joints and the parameters of the structural fragility curves under earthquake and tsunami loads are presented. The drifts obtained were twice the value indicated in the Hazus model. In an earthquake event, the probability of exceeding a collapse damage state is 80% for spectral accelerations greater than 0.25g. In the case of a tsunami, the probability of exceeding a collapse damage state is close to 50% when reaching flow depths greater than 4.0 m.spa
dc.description.abstractLas viviendas palafíticas del pacífico colombiano son la materialización de una forma de entender y habitar un territorio. Pese a su importancia como prácticas culturales asociadas a la vida y las tradiciones de sus habitantes, poco han sido estudiadas para evaluar su vulnerabilidad desde el punto de vista estructural. Así, esta investigación presenta la caracterización de las estructuras de madera ubicadas en San Andrés de Tumaco mediante observación de campo, la caracterización física y mecánica de dos especies de madera (Goupia glabra, Attalea colenda) utilizadas en su construcción y las uniones clavadas típicas. Se analizó la vivienda tipo para obtener su respuesta ante cargas de sismo y tsunami y finalmente, se evaluó el porcentaje de daño a partir de la elaboración de curvas de fragilidad estructural. Se realizaron 120 simulaciones variando parámetros mecánicos para el caso del sismo y 960 en el caso del tsunami variando la orientación de la fuerza, las propiedades mecánicas y el código utilizado para determinar las fuerzas. Como resultado, se presenta la caracterización mecánica de las maderas, un modelo multilineal de plastificación de las uniones y los parámetros de las curvas de fragilidad estructural ante cargas de sismo y tsunami. Adicionalmente, las derivas obtenidas fueron dos veces mayores al valor indicado en el modelo Hazus. En un evento de sismo, la probabilidad de exceder un estado de daño de colapso es del 80% para aceleraciones espectrales superiores a 0.25g. En el caso de tsunami, la probabilidad de exceder un estado de daño de colapso es cercana al 50% al alcanzar profundidades de inundación superiores a 4.0 m.spa
dc.description.additionalLínea de Investigación: Análisis Estructural, materiales para estructurasspa
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.format.extent186spa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/78668
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotáspa
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Ingeniería - Maestría en Ingeniería - Estructurasspa
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dc.rightsDerechos reservados - Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.spaAcceso abiertospa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/spa
dc.subject.ddc110 - Metafísica::117 - Estructuraspa
dc.subject.proposalPalafitic Structureeng
dc.subject.proposalPalafitospa
dc.subject.proposalAnálisis Estático No Linealspa
dc.subject.proposalNonlinear Static Analysiseng
dc.subject.proposalCurvas de Fragilidad Estructuralspa
dc.subject.proposalFragility Curveseng
dc.subject.proposalSismospa
dc.subject.proposalEarthquakeeng
dc.subject.proposalTsunamispa
dc.subject.proposalTsunamieng
dc.subject.proposalTumacoeng
dc.subject.proposalTumacospa
dc.titleEvaluación de la vulnerabilidad de las viviendas de madera en San Andrés de Tumaco ante cargas de sismo y tsunamispa
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa

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