Efecto del estrés agudo en la comprensión lectora y las funciones ejecutivas en adultos jóvenes: una perspectiva desde la teoría polivagal

dc.contributor.advisorGuerrero, Yeison
dc.contributor.authorCalderón Calvo, Luis Alejandro
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-12T21:53:12Z
dc.date.available2026-02-12T21:53:12Z
dc.date.issued2025-12-12
dc.descriptionilustraciones a color, diagramas, tablasspa
dc.description.abstractLa comprensión de lectura se puede ver comprometida bajo condiciones de estrés agudo, pero aún se sabe poco de la naturaleza y configuración de esta relación. Este estudio buscó comprender cómo el estrés agudo modula las dependencias entre la comprensión lectora y las funciones ejecutivas (memoria de trabajo, flexibilidad, inhibición). Para esto, se realizó un estudio experimental entre grupos (TSST vs. control) con análisis correlacional a nivel de procesos. Participaron 92 adultos jóvenes universitarios sin estrés crónico, los cuales participaron aleatoriamente en uno de dos intervenciones: la inducción de estrés a través del Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) y otra versión amigable del protocolo. Posteriormente, se realizaron mediciones de comprensión lectora mediante una tarea experimental basada en el modelo de componentes de Hannon y Daneman, y de funciones ejecutivas: memoria de trabajo (N-back), flexibilidad cognitiva (WCST), e inhibición (Go/No-Go). Además, se realizaron mediciones de estrés objetivo (cortisol en saliva) y subjetivo antes y después de la intervención. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en las mediciones objetivas y subjetivas de estrés entre grupos, así como de la memoria de trabajo, la comprensión literal, inferencial y la integración de información con mayores niveles de carga semántica. El análisis correlacional arrojó una densidad correlacional de moderada a alta del grupo TSST con algunas funciones ejecutivas. En conclusión, el estrés agudo psicosocial incrementó la dependencia de la comprensión hacia la memoria de trabajo y la flexibilidad cognitiva, caso contrario de la inhibición. Los datos apoyan que, bajo el estrés agudo, la comprensión de lectura se sostiene mediante recursos ejecutivos y abre vías psicofisiológicas para modular el rendimiento lector en contextos de evaluación social. (Texto tomado de la fuente)spa
dc.description.abstractIt is known that reading comprehension can be compromised under acute stress conditions, but little is still known about the nature and configuration of this relationship. This study sought to understand how acute stress modulates the dependencies between reading comprehension and executive functions (working memory, flexibility, inhibition). To this end, a between-groups experimental study (TSST vs. control) was conducted, with process-level correlational analyses. 92 young adult university students without chronic stress participated and were randomly assigned to one of two interventions: stress induction via the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) and a friendly version of the protocol. Subsequently, reading comprehension was measured using an experimental task based on Hannon and Daneman’s component processes model, and executive functions were assessed: working memory (N-back), cognitive flexibility (WCST), and inhibition (Go/No-Go). In addition, objective (salivary cortisol) and subjective stress were measured before and after the intervention. Significant differences were found in both objective and subjective stress measures between groups, as well as in working memory, literal and inferential comprehension, and the integration of information under higher levels of semantic load. The correlational analysis revealed a moderate-to-high correlational density within the TSST group for certain executive functions. In conclusion, acute psychosocial stress increased reading comprehension’s dependence on working memory and cognitive flexibility, whereas the opposite pattern was observed for inhibition. The data support that, under acute stress, reading comprehension is sustained by executive resources and open psychophysiological avenues to modulate reading performance in contexts of social evaluation.eng
dc.description.degreelevelMaestría
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Neurociencias
dc.description.notesTrabajo presentado en el II Congreso Colombiano de Salud Cerebralspa
dc.description.researchareaComportamiento humano
dc.format.extentxv, 161 páginas
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/89532
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Medicina
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Medicina - Maestría en Neurociencias
dc.relation.indexedBireme
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
dc.rights.licenseReconocimiento 4.0 Internacional
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subject.ddc610 - Medicina y salud::617 - Cirugía, medicina regional, odontología, oftalmología, otología, audiología
dc.subject.decsFunción Ejecutivaspa
dc.subject.decsExecutive Functioneng
dc.subject.decsEstrés Psicológicospa
dc.subject.decsStress, Psychologicaleng
dc.subject.decsDisfunción Cognitivaspa
dc.subject.decsCognitive Dysfunctioneng
dc.subject.proposalEstrés agudospa
dc.subject.proposalTest de Estrés Social de Trierspa
dc.subject.proposalComprensión de lecturaspa
dc.subject.proposalFunciones ejecutivasspa
dc.subject.proposalHidrocortisonaspa
dc.subject.proposalCortisolspa
dc.subject.proposalAcute stresseng
dc.subject.proposalTrier Social Stress Testeng
dc.subject.proposalReading comprehensioneng
dc.subject.proposalExecutive functionseng
dc.subject.proposalHydrocortisoneeng
dc.subject.proposalCortisoleng
dc.titleEfecto del estrés agudo en la comprensión lectora y las funciones ejecutivas en adultos jóvenes: una perspectiva desde la teoría polivagalspa
dc.title.translatedEffect of acute stress on reading comprehension and executive functions in young adults: a perspective from polyvagal theoryeng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestría
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.contentText
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadores
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentPúblico general
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentMaestros
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_16ec

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Tesis de Maestría en Neurociencias