Efecto fungistático de extractos y aceites esenciales de Lippia ori-ganoides HBK y Thymus vulgaris L. como alternativas de manejo de Botrytis cinerea en fresa

Abstract

El moho gris de la fresa causado por Botrytis cinerea es una enfermedad que produce importantes pérdidas poscosecha. En el estudio se evaluó el efecto fungistático de extractos y aceites esenciales de Lippia origanoides HBK y Thymus vulgaris L. en concentraciones de 128, 256 y 500 mg/lt sobre B. cinerea in vitro e in vivo. In vitro se determinó el porcentaje de inhibición del crecimiento micelial del hongo. En estas condiciones se observó que el aceite esencial (AE) de L. origanoides presentó el porcentaje de control más alto (66.2%) sobre B. cinerea. In vivo, se observó que en bananos inoculados con B. cinérea después de 120 los AE controlaron eficientemente la incidencia de daño causado por el patógeno estudiado y no se encontraron diferencias significativas con el control químico utilizando el fungicida Benomil.

The strawberry gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea is a disease that causes significant postharvest losses. In this t study the fungistatic effect of extracts and essential oils of Lippia origanoides HBK and Thymus vulgaris L (at concentrations of 128, 256 and 500 mg / l) on the pathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea under in vitro and in vivo conditions was evaluated. In the in vitro test, the percentage of inhibition of mycelial growth was etermined. It was observed that the essential oil (EO) from Lippia origanoides showed the highest percentage of control (66.2%) of Botrytis cinerea. The evaluation in vivo showed that, the control ercentage of the damage incidence from the pathogenic fungus (by an incidence value scale from 0 to 7 according to specific characteristics of deterioration of fruits) on bananas inoculated with Botrytis cinerea was measured. After 120 hours of monitoring, it was observed that the EO efficiently controlled the incidence of damage caused by the pathogen studied and no significant differences were observed when chemical control (fungicide Benomyl) was applied.