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dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional
dc.contributor.advisorHiguita-Vásquez, Juan Carlos
dc.contributor.authorPineda Pineda, Sebastián
dc.date.accessioned2020-03-09T21:15:36Z
dc.date.available2020-03-09T21:15:36Z
dc.date.issued2019-11-16
dc.date.issued2019
dc.identifier.citationPineda-Pineda, Sebastian. Producción de biofertilizante a partir de la fermentación de vinazas azucareras por Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus. Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Manizales. 2019.
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/76021
dc.description.abstractLas vinazas son residuos producidos ampliamente en la industria de la destilería y son catalogados actualmente como desechos tóxicos debido a su alta carga orgánica. Sin embargo, este residuo es viable como fuente de carbono para el crecimiento de cierto tipo de microorganismos como es el caso de Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus. Este microorganismo es capaz de producir ácido indolacético (AIA), el cuál es una molécula que cumple el papel de fitohormona. Además, el microrganismo per se cumple funciones de fijación de nitrógeno y solubilización de fósforo y níquel lo cual supone un alto potencial como biofertilizante orgánico. El propósito principal de esta tesis es cultivar G. diazotrophicus en vinazas azucareras como base para la elaboración del medio de crecimiento y producción de AIA para su posterior implementación en cultivos de tomate y girasol. Para cumplir este objetivo, se realizó una adaptación progresiva del microorganismo en vinazas azucareras y se determinaron los parámetros que mejoraron la producción de AIA a través de un diseño experimental Box-Behnken. Para realizar la medición de la fitohormona de forma más práctica y efectiva, se propusieron dos métodos colorimétricos basados en la técnica de Salkowski. Después de obtener el biofertilizante, se realizaron dos cultivos de interés industrial (tomate y girasol), los cuales fueron irrigados con el producto resultante y se comparó su efectividad con respecto a la aplicación de un fertilizante comercial. El estudio mostró crecimiento de G diazotrophicus en una concentración de 8,7 ±0,1 gL-1 en vinazas hasta el 50%. Además, se diseñó una técnica práctica, económica y sencilla para la determinación de AIA en matrices complejas como la vinaza. Los parámetros que maximizaron la producción de AIA en este estudio fueron: ajustar el pH de la fermentación a 7,46 y utilizar un flujo de aireación de 3,4 Lmin-1. Los experimentos en campo demostraron un crecimiento en las plantas de tomate de 109% por encima del control y 99% en la productividad en gramos de fruto por planta. En el caso del girasol se tuvo un aumento de 27% en la longitud de los tallos y un incremento del 37 y 35% en el número de flores y el diámetro de la flor al momento de terminar el estudio. La mayoría de las variables medidas demostraron un mejor desempeño del biofertilizante con respecto al fertilizante comercial. Se confirma la hipótesis planteada en el documento y se logra cumplir a cabalidad con los objetivos específicos propuestos. Finalmente, se plantean algunos interrogantes que quedan sin respuesta y vale la pena una investigación posterior (Texto tomado de la fuente)
dc.description.abstractVinasses (sugary residues) are wastes widely produced by the distillery industry and are currently listed as toxic wastes due to their high organic load. However, this residue is viable as a carbon source for the growth of certain types of microorganisms such as Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus. This microorganism is able to produce indoleacetic acid (IAA), which is a compound that plays the role of a phytohormone on many plants. In addition, the microorganism per se fulfills functions such as nitrogen fixation and phosphorus and nickel solubilization, which supposes a high potential as an organic biofertilizer. The main purpose of this thesis was to grow G. diazotrophicus in vinasses as the growth medium for the production of IAA and its application in tomatoes and sunflower plantations. To achieve this objective, a progressive adaptation of the microorganism in sugar vinasses was carried out and the parameters that improved the IAA production were determined through an experimental Box-Behnken design. To perform the phytohormone measurement in a more practical and effective way, two colorimetric methods based on the Salkowski technique were proposed. After obtaining the biofertilizer, two crops of industrial interest (tomato and sunflower) were made, which were irrigated with the resulting product and its effectiveness was compared with respect to the application of a commercial fertilizer. This study showed growth of G diazotrophicus in a concentration of 8,7 ±0,1 gL-1 in vinasses up to 50%. In addition, a practical, economical and simple technique was designed for the IAA determination in complex matrices such as vinasse. The parameters that maximized the IAA production in this study were: adjust the fermentation pH to 7.46 and use an airflow of 3.4 Lmin-1. Field experiments demonstrated a growth in tomato plants of 109% above the control and 99% in productivity in grams of fruit per plant. In the case of sunflower there was an increase of 27% in the length of the stems and an increase of 37 and 35% in the number of flowers and the diameter of the flower at the end of the study. Most of the measured variables demonstrated a better performance of the biofertilizer with respect to commercial fertilizer. The hypothesis stated in the document is confirmed and the specific objectives proposed are fully achieved. Finally, some questions remain unanswered and worth further investigation
dc.format.extent127
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.language.isospa
dc.rightsDerechos reservados - Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
dc.subject.ddcIngeniería química
dc.titleProducción de biofertilizante a partir de la fermentación de vinazas azucareras por Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus.
dc.title.alternativeProduction of a biofertilizer from the fermentation of sugarcane vinasses by Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus.
dc.typeTrabajo de grado – Maestría
dc.rights.spaAcceso abierto
dc.coverage.sucursalUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Manizales
dc.description.additionalTesis o trabajo de investigación presentada(o) como requisito parcial para optar al título de: Magíster en Ingeniería – Ingeniería Química. -- Línea de Investigación: Ingeniería de Procesos Químicos y Biotecnológicos.
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/other
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.contributor.researchgroupProcesos Químicos, Catalíticos y Biotecnológicos
dc.description.degreelevelDoctorado
dc.publisher.departmentDepartamento de Ingeniería Química
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Manizales
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject.proposalBiofertilizer
dc.subject.proposalBiofertilizante
dc.subject.proposalGluconacetobacter diazotrophicus
dc.subject.proposalGluconacetobacter diazotrophicus
dc.subject.proposalVinazas
dc.subject.proposalVinasses
dc.subject.proposalÁcido indolacético
dc.subject.proposalIndoleacetic acid
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_1843
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.contentText
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