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dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional
dc.contributor.advisorZuluaga Gómez, Jairo Alberto
dc.contributor.advisorCharpak Hernández, Nathalie
dc.contributor.authorGómez Ramírez, Sandra Milena
dc.date.accessioned2020-07-13T21:49:23Z
dc.date.available2020-07-13T21:49:23Z
dc.date.issued2020-05-28
dc.identifier.citationGómez-Ramírez S. Desenlaces motores del bajo peso al nacer y el nacimiento pretérmino en adultos jóvenes: efectos del método madre canguro. Universidad Nacional de Colombia – Sede Bogotá; 2020
dc.identifier.citationGómez-Ramírez, S. (2020). Desenlaces motores del bajo peso al nacer y el nacimiento pretérmino en adultos jóvenes: efectos del método madre canguro. Tesis de maestría. Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/77766
dc.description.abstractIntroduction: Low birth weight (LBW) (<2,500g) is cause of mortality and morbidity. One of its consequences is the motor impairment associated with alterations in the white matter, especially the corticospinal tract and the corpus callosum. The Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) is an alternative to conventional care for LBW infants that consists of skin-to-skin contact, breastfeeding and early hospital discharge, and has been shown to reduce the risk of morbidity and mortality. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the KMC effect on long-term motor development compared to conventional care in a cohort of 441 young adults with a history of LBW, mostly preterm, from a randomized controlled trial (RCT) carried out between 1993 and 1994, having as reference group 50 young people born at term with normal weight. Methods: Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) was used to evaluate motor cortex development, corticospinal pathways and interhemispheric interactions through the corpus callosum and the Nine Hole Peg Test (9HPT) for the clinical evaluation of fine manual dexterity. Results: The analyzes by groups revealed a greater time in the 9HPT and less prehension force in the LBW subjects, independent of the type of intervention, with respect to the reference subjects. In contrast, no significant intergroup differences were found between the LBW subjects according to the intervention for the variables of motor interest, so they were disaggregated in the preterm and term, finding worse times in the 9HPT in the preterm subjects who received the KMC compared to those who received conventional care. No differences were found in the group analyzes in any of the neurophysiological measures of TMS between the subjects who received the KMC and conventional care, however, the multivariate logistic model showed that the KMC reduces the risk of developing by 71% (IC 95% 3-92%) alteration of transcallosal conduction time (TCT) in subjects born preterm. Conclusion: We check the heterogeneity of the subjects grouped within LBW category. Alterations in fine manual dexterity and grip strength associated with LBW persist in adulthood. The KMC seems to have a positive impact on interhemispheric communication between primary motor cortices and its effectiveness is 71% in preterm LBW subjects. TCT is a subclinical marker of neurophysiological disorders that may be associated with motor outcomes in subjects with LBW.
dc.description.abstractIntroducción: El bajo peso al nacer (BPN) (<2.500g) es una causa de mortalidad y morbilidad. Una de sus consecuencias es el deterioro motor asociado con alteraciones en la sustancia blanca, en especial del tracto corticoespinal y el cuerpo calloso. El método madre canguro (MMC) es una alternativa a la atención convencional para neonatos de BPN que consiste en el contacto piel a piel, la lactancia materna y el alta hospitalaria temprana, y ha demostrado reducir el riesgo de morbimortalidad. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto del MMC sobre desenlaces motores a largo plazo en comparación al cuidado convencional en una cohorte de 441 adultos jóvenes con antecedente de BPN, en su mayoría pretérmino, proveniente de un ensayo controlado aleatorizado (ECA) realizado entre 1993 y 1994 y teniendo como grupo de referencia a 50 jóvenes nacidos a término con peso normal. Métodos: Se utilizó estimulación magnética transcraneal (EMT) para evaluar el desarrollo de la corteza motora, vías corticoespinales e interacciones interhemisféricas a través del cuerpo calloso y la prueba de clavijas con nueve orificios (9HPT) para la evaluación clínica de la destreza manual fina. Resultados: Los análisis por grupos revelaron un mayor tiempo en el 9HPT y menor fuerza de la prensión de la pinza en los sujetos con BPN, independiente del tipo de intervención, respecto a los sujetos de referencia. En contraste, no se encontraron diferencias significativas intergrupales entre los sujetos de BPN de acuerdo a la intervención que recibieron para las variables de interés motor, por lo que se desagregaron en pretérmino y a término, encontrando peores tiempos en el 9HPT en los sujetos pretérmino que recibieron la intervención MMC comparados con los que recibieron la atención convencional. No se encontraron diferencias en los análisis por grupos en ninguna de las medidas neurofisiológicas de la EMT entre los sujetos que recibieron el MMC y la atención convencional, sin embargo, el modelo logístico multivariado demostró que el MMC reduce en un 71% el riesgo de desarrollar alteración del tiempo de conducción transcallosal (TCT) en los sujetos que nacieron pretérmino. Conclusión: Comprobamos la heterogeneidad de los sujetos agrupados dentro del término de BPN. Las alteraciones en la destreza manual fina y la fuerza de prensión asociadas al BPN persisten en la edad adulta. El MMC parece tener un impacto positivo en la comunicación interhemisférica entre cortezas motoras primarias y su efectividad es de 71% (IC 95% 3-92%) en sujetos con BPN pretérmino. El TCT es un marcador subclínico de alteraciones neurofisiológicas que pueden estar asociadas a desenlaces motores en sujetos con BPN.
dc.description.sponsorshipSaving Brains Initiative (Grand Challenges Canada)
dc.format.extent116
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.language.isospa
dc.rightsDerechos reservados - Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subject.ddc610 - Medicina y salud::612 - Fisiología humana
dc.titleDesenlaces motores del bajo peso al nacer y el nacimiento pretérmino en adultos jóvenes: efectos del método madre canguro
dc.typeOtro
dc.rights.spaAcceso abierto
dc.description.projectRandomized open controlled trial on Kangaroo Mother Care versus traditional care for Low Birth Weight infants. Patient-centered outcomes at the age of 18 years.
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/other
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Medicina - Maestría en Neurociencias
dc.contributor.researchgroupGrupo investigación Fundación Canguro
dc.description.degreelevelMaestría
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject.proposalBajo peso al nacer
dc.subject.proposalInfant low birth weight
dc.subject.proposalPreterm birth
dc.subject.proposalNacimiento pretérmino
dc.subject.proposalNacimiento prematuro
dc.subject.proposalPremature births
dc.subject.proposalSmall gestational age
dc.subject.proposalPequeño para la edad gestacional
dc.subject.proposalDesarrollo motor
dc.subject.proposalMotor Skills
dc.subject.proposalManual dexterity
dc.subject.proposalDestreza manual
dc.subject.proposalMétodo Madre Canguro
dc.subject.proposalKangaroo-Mother Care Method
dc.subject.proposalTranscranial Magnetic Stimulation
dc.subject.proposalEstimulación Magnética Transcraneal
dc.subject.proposalAlteración del tiempo de conducción transcallosal
dc.subject.proposalAlteration of transcallosal conduction time
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_1843
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.contentText
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2


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