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dc.rights.licenseReconocimiento 4.0 Internacional
dc.contributor.advisorGómez Perdomo, Jonatan
dc.contributor.authorPrieto Velandia, Jeisson Andres
dc.date.accessioned2022-03-22T13:13:36Z
dc.date.available2022-03-22T13:13:36Z
dc.date.issued2022-01-17
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/81293
dc.descriptionilustraciones, gráficas, mapas, tablas
dc.description.abstractIn any serious disaster, a gap develops between resource needs and resource availability. In a severe pandemic, this gap will be worse due to global supply chain disruptions or delays and the fact that governments and aid organizations will be overwhelmed responding to all who need assistance. Then, determining the locations of the resources (i.e., budget for antivirals and preventive vaccinations, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), ventilators, non-intensive Care Unit (non-ICU), doctors) to be used during a pandemic is a strategic decision that directly affects the success of pandemic response operations. The resource allocation could be done using a risk management perspective, where a demand point has one (or more) associated risk (i.e., geographic spread, overall poverty, medical preconditions) and the objective is to choose the amount to be invested in several interventions such that the overall risk exposed by the demand points is minimized according to budget constraints and health benefits. Due to the randomness and uncertainty of conditions, not only one but a set of risks may adversely affect the allocation of resources in the geographical space. Then, the objectives (one objective for each risk exposed) must be optimized simultaneously. However, there exists a trade-off among objectives, i.e., an improvement gained for one objective is only achieved by making concessions to another objective. This thesis aims to build a mathematically and computational grounded solution to the Multi-objective risk-based Resource Allocation problem suitable to be used for supporting decision making in the formulation of management and response policies during a pandemic. The risk management is studied in a complex network located in some space (city or town being studied). The risk in some specific place (demand point) is modeled not only by the vulnerability factor related to the severity of infection but also by the infectious disease transmission dynamics that emerged from the local interactions between people. The solution is framed in the current COVID-19 pandemic in Bogotá, the largest and most crowded city in Colombia.
dc.description.abstractEn cualquier desastre grave, se desarrolla una brecha entre la necesidad y la disponibilidad de recursos. En una pandemia, esta brecha se agravará debido a las interrupciones o retrasos de la cadena de suministro global y al hecho de que los gobiernos y las organizaciones de ayuda se ven abrumados para responder a todos los que necesitan asistencia. Entonces, determinar la ubicación de los recursos (por ejemplo, presupuesto para antivirales y vacunas preventivas, Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI), ventiladores, Unidad de Cuidados No Intensivos (no UCI), médicos) que se utilizarán durante una pandemia es una decisión estratégica que afecta directamente el éxito de las operaciones de respuesta ante una pandemia. La asignación de recursos se puede realizar utilizando una perspectiva de gestión de riesgos, donde un lugar de demanda tiene uno (o más) riesgos asociados (por ejemplo, propagación del virus, pobreza, precondiciones médicas) y el objetivo es escoger la cantidad que se invertirá en varias intervenciones tal que el riesgo expuesto por los puntos de demanda se minimiza de acuerdo con las limitaciones presupuestarias y los beneficios para la salud. Debido a la aleatoriedad y a la incertidumbre de las condiciones, no solo uno, sino un conjunto de riesgos pueden afectar negativamente la asignación de recursos en el espacio geográfico. Entonces, los objetivos (un objetivo por cada riesgo expuesto) deben optimizarse simultáneamente. Sin embargo, existe una compensación entre los objetivos, es decir, una mejora obtenida para un objetivo solo se logra haciendo concesiones en otro objetivo. Esta tesis tiene como proposito construir una solución con base matemática y computacional para el problema de la asignación de recursos basado en múltiples riesgos adecuada para apoyar a la toma de decisiones en la formulación de políticas de gestión y respuesta a pandemias. La gestión de riesgo es estudiada en una red compleja ubicada en algún espacio (ciudad o pueblo en estudio). El riesgo en algún lugar específico (punto de demanda) se modela no solo por factores de vulnerabilidad relacionados con la gravedad de la infección, sino también por las dinámicas de transmisión de la enfermedad que surgen por la interacción entre personas. La solución se enmarca en la actual pandemia de COVID-19 en Bogotá, la ciudad más grande y densamente poblada de Colombia. (Texto tomado de la fuente)
dc.format.extentx, 63 páginas
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.rightsDerechos reservados al autor, 2021
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subject.ddc510 - Matemáticas::519 - Probabilidades y matemáticas aplicadas
dc.titleRisk-based resource allocation for management and pandemic response: The COVID-19 Case in Bogotá, Colombia
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestría
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Ciencias - Maestría en Ciencias - Matemática Aplicada
dc.contributor.researchgroupAlife: Grupo de Investigación en Vida Artificial
dc.contributor.subjectmatterexpertLeón Guzmán, Elizabeth
dc.contributor.subjectmatterexpertMalagon Oviedo, Rafael Antonio
dc.description.degreelevelMaestría
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Ciencias - Matemática Aplicada
dc.description.researchareaRisk-based Optimization
dc.description.researchareaOptimización basada en riesgos
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
dc.publisher.departmentDepartamento de Matemáticas
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ciencias
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombia
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject.decsInfecciones por Coronavirus
dc.subject.decsCoronavirus Infections
dc.subject.decsGestión de Riesgos
dc.subject.decsRisk Management
dc.subject.decsGestión de Recursos
dc.subject.decsResources Management
dc.subject.proposalRisk management
dc.subject.proposalRisk-based optimization
dc.subject.proposalResource allocation
dc.subject.proposalPandemic response
dc.subject.proposalMulti-objective optimization
dc.subject.proposalComplex systems
dc.subject.proposalCOVID-19
dc.subject.proposalUrban spatial analysis
dc.subject.proposalGestión del riesgo
dc.subject.proposalOptimización basada en riesgos
dc.subject.proposalAsignación de recursos
dc.subject.proposalRespuesta a pandemias
dc.subject.proposalOptimización multiobjetivo
dc.subject.proposalSistemas complejos
dc.subject.proposalCOVID-19
dc.subject.proposalAnálisis espacial urbano
dc.title.translatedAsignación de recursos basada en riesgo para la gestión y respuesta ante una pandemia: El Caso del COVID-19 en Bogotá, Colombia Español
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
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dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
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