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Diversity and gene flow in four Colombian turtle populations of Podocnemis vogli (Testudines: Podocnemididae)

dc.rights.licenseReconocimiento 4.0 Internacional
dc.contributor.advisorVargas Ramírez, Mario Alfonso
dc.contributor.authorCárdenas Barrantes, Diana Marcela
dc.date.accessioned2022-08-30T15:09:29Z
dc.date.available2022-08-30T15:09:29Z
dc.date.issued2021-11
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/82192
dc.descriptionilustraciones, graficas, mapas
dc.description.abstractThe Savannah side-necked turtle Podocnemis vogli turtle is a species restricted to the savannas of the Orinoco basin in Colombia and Venezuela. Its populations have decreased and disappeared in some places due to illegal exploitation, as well as modification and destruction of their habitat due to human activities. This species has not been evaluated globally by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), but it is categorized as Least Concern (LC) at the regional level and is regulated under Appendix II of the CITES convention. To analyze their conservation status using molecular tools for the first time, 19 microsatellite loci were evaluated using the cross-amplification technique, as well as sequences of the mitochondrial gene (mtDNA) Cyt b in four populations located in Puerto Carreño (Vichada), Paz de Ariporo (Casanare), Puerto López (Meta), Unillanos (Villavicencio, Meta), San martin (Meta) and 26 individuals kept at the Roberto Franco Tropical Biology Station (EBTRF). The data obtained allowed us to analyze for the species its diversity and genetic structure, as well as population declines (bottlenecks) and gene flow. As a result, ten suitable polymorphic markers were identified to carry out the population genetics study. Those markers were useful to reveal a genetic structure composed of the five groups corresponding to the sampling locations, as well as to detect high levels of genetic diversity in them. These five populations correspond to four Independent Management Units (IMU sensu Moritz 1994). However, the analyzes also indicated the presence of recent bottlenecks in the populations located in Paz de Ariporo and Puerto Carreño, being evidence of a population decline most likely due to anthropic activities. Additionally, the five populations presented low and asymmetric genetic flow between them. Regarding the analysis of the sequence of Cyt b, the haplotype network revealed weak differentiation but with the presence of unique haplotypes in the populations located in Puerto Carreño, Paz de Ariporo, EBTRF, a genbank sequence from San Martín and a shared haplotype identified in Puerto López, Puerto Carreño, Paz de Ariporo, Unillanos and the EBTRF. The results of this research allow us to propose management and conservation guidelines for these populations in Colombia.
dc.description.abstractLa tortuga Sabanera Podocnemis vogli es una especie restringida a las sábanas de la cuenca del Orinoco en Colombia y Venezuela. Sus poblaciones han disminuido y desaparecido en algunos lugares debido a la explotación ilegal y la alteración y destrucción de su hábitat a causa de actividades humanas. Esta especie no ha sido evaluada a nivel global por la Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza (IUCN), pero se encuentra categorizada en preocupación menor (LC) a nivel regional y está regulada bajo el apéndice II de la convención CITES. Con el objetivo de analizar su estado de conservación usando herramientas moleculares por primera vez, se evaluaron 19 loci de microsatélites mediante la técnica de amplificación cruzada, así como secuencias del gen mitocondrial (mtADN) Cyt b, en cinco poblaciones localizadas en Puerto Carreño (Vichada), Paz de Ariporo (Casanare), Puerto López (Meta), Unillanos (Villavicencio, Meta), San Martin (Meta) and 26 individuos mantenidos en cautiverio en la Estación de Biología Tropical Roberto Franco (EBTRF). Los datos obtenidos permitieron analizar para la especie su diversidad y estructura genética, así como declives poblacionales (bottlenecks) y flujo genético. Como resultado, se identificaron diez marcadores polimórficos adecuados para llevar a cabo el estudio de genética de poblaciones, los cuales fueron útiles para revelar una estructura genética compuesta por los cinco grupos correspondientes a las localidades de muestreo. Estos grupos genéticos poblaciones corresponden a Unidades de Manejo Independiente (IMU sensu Moritz 1994). Sin embargo, los análisis indicaron presencia de cuellos de botella recientes en las poblaciones localizadas en Paz de Ariporo y Puerto Carreño, siendo evidencia de disminución poblacional debido muy probablemente a actividades antrópicas. Adicionalmente, estas poblaciones presentaron flujo genético bajo y asimétrico entre ellos, con un flujo mayor hacia Paz de Ariporo desde las otras poblaciones genéticas a causa posiblemente de actividades antrópicas. Con respecto al análisis de la secuencia parcial del Cyt b, la red de haplotipos revelo una diferenciación débil, pero con presencia de haplotipos únicos en las poblaciones localizadas en Puerto Carreño, Paz de Ariporo, EBTRF y una secuencia de genbank proveniente de San Martín (Meta) y un haplotipo compartido identificado en Puerto López, Puerto Carreño, Paz de Ariporo, Unillanos y la EBTRF. Los resultados de esta investigación nos permiten proponer lineamientos de manejo y conservación para estas poblaciones en Colombia. (Texto tomado de la fuente)
dc.format.extentxiii, 48 páginas
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subject.ddc590 - Animales::597 - Vertebrados de sangre fría
dc.titleDiversity and gene flow in four Colombian turtle populations of Podocnemis vogli (Testudines: Podocnemididae)
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestría
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Ciencias - Maestría en Ciencias - Biología
dc.contributor.researchgroupBiodiversidad y Conservación Genética
dc.description.degreelevelMaestría
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Ciencias - Biología
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
dc.publisher.departmentDepartamento de Biología
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ciencias
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombia
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
dc.relation.indexedRedCol
dc.relation.indexedLaReferencia
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject.proposalConservation
dc.subject.proposalMicrosatellites
dc.subject.proposalCyt b
dc.subject.proposalGenetic diversity
dc.subject.proposalGene flow
dc.subject.proposalCross-amplification test
dc.subject.proposalConservación genética
dc.subject.proposalMicrosatélites
dc.subject.proposalVariabilidad genética
dc.subject.proposalFlujo génico
dc.subject.proposalAmplificación cruzada
dc.title.translatedDiversidad y flujo genético en cuatro poblaciones colombianas de la tortuga Podocnemis vogli (Testudines: Podocnemididae)
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.contentText
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEstudiantes
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentGrupos comunitarios
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