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dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional
dc.contributor.advisorAguirre Ceballos, Jaime
dc.contributor.authorTorres Vargas, David Gilberto
dc.date.accessioned2024-05-22T22:35:02Z
dc.date.available2024-05-22T22:35:02Z
dc.date.issued2023-11-29
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/86142
dc.descriptionilustraciones, diagramas, fotografías
dc.description.abstractLos páramos son biomas de alta montaña sui generis localizados en el neotrópico, cuyos organismos están expuestos de forma constante a bajas temperaturas y alta irradiación. La radiación solar en su conjunto, pero en especial la radiación ultravioleta e infrarroja cercana, ha sido identificada como el factor etiológico de problemas de la piel, tales como el fotoenvejecimiento y diversos tipos de cáncer de piel (CP). Los productos naturales derivados de la flora de los páramos, en particular los hongos liquenizados (HL), han sido poco explorados; no obstante, debido a que los compuestos de líquenes no solo absorben la radiación UV sino que tienen actividad antioxidante, es posible proponerlos como una fuente original de compuestos que protejan de la radiación solar. Se evaluó la actividad antioxidante y fotoprotectora de varios extractos de HL del páramo de Sumapaz, donde el extracto de Lobariella sipmanii fue uno de los más activos y con mayor variedad de compuestos. De este HL se obtuvieron 3 compuestos, reportados por primera vez para la especie. Pseudociferelina A (1), 2,4-dihidroxi-3,5,6-trimetilbenzoato de metilo (2) y orselinato de metilo (3). De ellos, los compuestos monoaromáticos (2 y 3) presentaron absorción UV-B (FPS = 21,86 +/- 0,09 y 38,41 +/- 0,26 a 200 ug/mL respectivamente) y baja amplitud espectral (Longitud de onda crítica = 333,9 nm y 319,5 nm). Además, sus espectros de infrarrojo cercano son similares a los filtros solares comerciales usados como control y ofrecen protección para esta región del espectro electromagnético. Mientras que el compuesto 1 presentó un FPS de 9,82 +/- 0,58 a 200 ug/mL y mayor amplitud espectral (Longitud de onda crítica = 365,8 nm) similar a la de filtros de amplio espectro como el bemotrizinol (Longitud de onda crítica = 374,2 nm). Los compuestos 1 y 2 tuvieron actividad captadora de radicales libres (CE50 = 217,1 uM y 342,3uM respectivamente) y presentaron un porcentaje de inhibición de la peroxidación lipídica a 24 horas comparable con el BHT (p > 0,05), mientras que el compuesto 3 no presentó actividad antioxidante. Dado que el estrés oxidativo es uno de los factores que aceleran el desarrollo del CP y otros problemas cutáneos, la actividad captadora de radicales libres, el poder reductor férrico y la inhibición de la peroxidación lipídica de dos de los compuestos aislados (1 y 2) constituyen ventajas con respecto a los filtros solares comerciales disponibles actualmente. Asimismo, los compuestos aislados presentan menor potencial de causar alergias, menor toxicidad y más bajo potencial de bioacumulación para los organismos acuáticos in silico y están dentro de los parámetros de seguridad establecidos por la legislación europea. Lo que los convierte en alternativas para la fotoprotección y puede favorecer la bioprospección de los HL del neotrópico. (Texto tomado de la fuente).
dc.description.abstractParamos are sui generis high mountain biomes located in neotropics, whose organisms are constantly exposed to low temperatures and high sun irradiation. Sun rays, especially ultraviolet (UV) and near-infrarred (NIR) radiation, have been identified as an aetiological factor of skin problems including photo-aging and some types of skin cancer (SC). Natural products from Paramos’ flora, particularly lichenized fungi (LF), have been scarcely explored; however, lichen substances not only absorb UV radiation, but also have antioxidant activity. Hence, LF can be proposed as an original source for compounds with photoprotective activity. \par Several paramo's LF extracts have been evaluated for antioxidant and photoprotective activities. Lobariella sipmanii was one of the most active extracts and has the highest variety of compounds. From this LF three compounds were obtained for the first time. Pseudocypherallin A (1), 2,4-dihydroxy-3,5,6-trimethyl methylbenzoate (2) and methyl orsellinate (3). Monoaromatic compounds (2 and 3) presented UV-B and near infrared radiation absorption (SPF = 21.86 +/- 0.09 & 38.41 +/- 0.26 at 200 ug/mL) and low spectral amplitude (Critical wavelength = 333.9 nm & 319.5 nm). Moreover, their NIR spectra were similar to commercially available sunscreens; thus, also offered protection in this region. Whereas compound 1 had SPF value of 9.82 +/- 0.58 at 200 ug/mL and higher spectral amplitude (Critical wavelength = 365.8 nm), similar to modern wide-spectrum sunscreens like bemotrizinol (Critical wavelength = 374.2 nm). \par Compounds 1 and 2 had scavenging activity (EC50 = 217,1 uM & 342,3 uM respectively) and exhibit lipid peroxidation ihnibition percentages in 24 hours similar to BHT (p > 0,05), while compound 3 had not presented any antioxidant activity. Oxidative stress is one factor that accelerate SC and cutaneous problems development; therefore, radical scavenging, ferric reducing power and lipid peroxidation inhibition from compounds 1 and 2 constitute benefits regarding current commercially available sunscreens. Furthermore, isolated compounds obtained lower allergenicity potential, lower predicted in silico toxicity and bioaccumulation factors, and complied with safety EU requirements for chemical substances. It converts them into better alternatives for photoprotection and could favour neotropical LF bioprospection.
dc.description.abstractParamos sind sui generis Hochgebirgsbiome im Neotropikum, deren Organismen ständig niedrigen Temperaturen und hoher Sonnenbestrahlung ausgesetzt sind. Sonnenstrahlen, insbesondere Ultraviolett- (UV) und Nahinfrarotstrahlung (NIR), wurde als ätiologischer Faktor von Hautproblemen wie Fotodermatosen und verschiedenen Arten von Hautkrebs identifiziert. Naturalstoffen isolierten von der Flora der Paramos, insbesondere lizenzierte Pilzen (LP), sind wenig studiert worden. Nicht nur absorbieren Flecthenstoffen UV-Strahlung sondern auch haben antioxidativen Aktivität, deswegen könnten LP als ursprüngliche Quelle für neuen Sonnenschutzmitteln vorschlagen werden. Antioxidativen and lichtschutzenden Aktivitäten von einigen LP-Extrakten wurden hierin untersucht. Lobariella sipmanii war eine von aktivesten Extrakte und hatte die höchste Vielfalt an Flechtenstoffen. Aus dieser Flechte wurden zum ersten Mal drei Flechtenstoffen erhalten: Pseudocypherallin A (1), 2,4-dihydroxy-3,5,6-trimethylmethylbenzoat (2) und Methylorsellinat (3). Die monoaromatischen Flechtenstoffen 2 und 3 zeigten eine Absorption von UV-B- und Nahinfrarotstrahlung (SPF = 21,86 +/- 0,09 und 38,41 +/- 0,26 zum 200 ug/mL) und eine geringe spektrale Amplitude (Kritische Wellenlänge = 333,9 nm und 319,5 nm). Darüber hinaus waren ihre Nahinfrarotspektren ähnlich wie kommerzielle erhältliche Sonnenschutzmitteln und boten daher auch im diesen Bereich Schutz. Während Flechtenstoffe 1 einen SPF-Wert von 9,82 +/- 0,58 zum 200 ug/mL und eine höhere spektrale Amplitude (Kritische Wellenlänge = 365,8 nm) aufwies, ähnlich wie breitspektrales Sonnenschutzmittel wie Bemotrizinol (Kritische Wellenlänge = 374,2 nm). Flechtenstoffen 1 und 2 hatten Scavenger-Aktivität (WK50= 217,1 uM und 342,3 uM jeweils) and zeigten Lipidperoxidationhemmungsätzen in 24 Stunden ähnlich wie BHT (p > 0,05), während Stoffe 3 keine antioxidative Aktivität aufwies. Oxidativer Stress ist ein Faktor, der die Entwicklung von Hautkrebs beschleunigt. Darum sind Radikalfängeraktivität, Eisenreduktionsaktivität und Lipidperoxidationhemmung vorteilhaft im Hinblick auf die derzeit kommerzielle erhältliche Sonnenschutzmittel. Die isolierten Flechtenstoffen erhielten sowohl niedrigeres Allergenespotenzial, und wenige in silico-Giftigkeit- und Bioakkumulationsfaktoren als auch EU-Sicherheitsanforderungen für Chemikalien. Dies macht sie zu besseren Alternativen für den Sonnenschutz und könnte die Bioprospektion von Neotropikum LP begünstigen.
dc.description.sponsorshipCódigo HERMES: 35978
dc.format.extentxix, 159 páginas
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
dc.subject.ddc540 - Química y ciencias afines::547 - Química orgánica
dc.titleBioprospección de hongos liquenizados del páramo de Sumapaz como fuente prometedora de fármacos duales con actividad antioxidante y fotoprotectora
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestría
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Ciencias - Maestría en Ciencias - Química
dc.contributor.researchgroupGrupo de Investigación en Estudios Biológicos y Fisicoquímicos de Líquenes Colombianos
dc.contributor.researchgroupGrupo de Investigación en Química Medicinal
dc.coverage.cityBogotá
dc.coverage.countryColombia
dc.coverage.regionCundinamarca
dc.coverage.tgnhttp://vocab.getty.edu/page/tgn/1000838
dc.description.degreelevelMaestría
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Ciencias - Química
dc.description.researchareaSustancias bioactivas de líquenes colombianos
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ciencias
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombia
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
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dc.relation.referencesZhou, R.; Yang, Y.; Park, S. Y.; Nguyen, T. T.; Seo, Y. W.; Lee, K. H.; Lee, J. H.; Kim, K. K.; Hur, J. S. & Kim, H.: , 2017; The lichen secondary metabolite atranorin suppresses lung cancer cell motility and tumorigenesis; Scientific Reports; 7 (1): 1--13; doi:10.1038/s41598-017-08225-1; URL http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-08225-1
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject.agrovocBioprospección
dc.subject.agrovocbioprospecting
dc.subject.agrovocLíquenes
dc.subject.agrovoclichens
dc.subject.agrovocPropiedades antioxidantes
dc.subject.agrovocantioxidant properties
dc.subject.proposalBioprospección
dc.subject.proposalFotoprotección
dc.subject.proposalLobariella sipmanii
dc.subject.proposalHongos liquenizados
dc.subject.proposalPáramo
dc.subject.proposalPhotoprotection
dc.subject.proposalBioprospection
dc.subject.proposalLobariella sipmanii
dc.subject.proposalLichenized fungi
dc.subject.proposalParamo
dc.subject.proposalBioprospektion
dc.subject.proposalFotoprotektion
dc.subject.proposalLobariella sipmanii
dc.subject.proposalLizenzierte Pilze
dc.subject.proposalParamo
dc.title.translatedBioprospection of lichenized fungi from páramo de Sumapaz (Bogotá - Colombia) as promising sources of antioxidant and photoprotective dual drugs
dc.title.translatedBioprospektion von lichenisierten Pilzen aus dem Sumapaz-Páramo (Bogotá - Kolumbien) als vielversprechende Quelle für duale Arzneimittel mit antioxidativer und lichtschützender Wirkung
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.contentText
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
oaire.awardtitleBioprospección de líquenes del páramo de Sumapaz, Colombia como fuente original de sustancias duales con actividad antioxidante y fotoprotectora para la prevención de problemas dérmicos asociados a la radiación solar
oaire.fundernameDirección de Investigación - Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentBibliotecarios
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEstudiantes
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadores
dc.contributor.orcid0000-0001-5374-5784
dc.contributor.researchgatehttps://www.researchgate.net/profile/David-Torres-Vargas
dc.subject.wikidataphotoprotection


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Atribución-NoComercial 4.0 InternacionalEsta obra está bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial 4.0.Este documento ha sido depositado por parte de el(los) autor(es) bajo la siguiente constancia de depósito