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Adsorción del contaminante emergente cafeína en medio acuoso empleando una arcilla modificada

dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional
dc.contributor.advisorSanabria González, Nancy Rocío
dc.contributor.advisorcarrero, javier ignacio
dc.contributor.authorQuintero Jaramillo, Javier Andres
dc.date.accessioned2024-07-19T13:36:35Z
dc.date.available2024-07-19T13:36:35Z
dc.date.issued2024-06-13
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/86571
dc.descriptionfotografías, graficas, tablas
dc.description.abstractEn la presente investigación se estudió de adsorción de cafeína sobre una bentonita modificada mediante tratamiento térmico. La materia prima del adsorbente fue una arcilla tipo bentonita, proveniente de un depósito ubicado en Armero-Guayabal (Tolima), zona que se caracteriza por la presencia de rocas arcillosas de origen volcánico, con influencia del volcán Nevado del Ruiz. La arcilla purificada se sometió a tratamiento térmico a 200, 300, 400 y 500 °C, obteniéndose diferentes adsorbentes. A cada uno de los materiales obtenidos y a arcilla purificada secada a 60 °C, se les realizó caracterización química, estructural, textural empleando diferentes técnicas de análisis (FRX, DRX, adsorción de N2 a 77 K), con el fin de identificar cambios asociados al tratamiento térmico y su efecto en el proceso de adsorción. A partir de ensayos iniciales de adsorción con cada uno de los adsorbentes obtenidos mediante el tratamiento térmico a las diferentes temperaturas, se estableció la influencia del tiempo de contacto, pH inicial y velocidad de agitación sobre la adsorción de cafeína y se seleccionó el adsorbente tratado térmicamente a 400 °C (denominado Bent-Na-400) como el de mejor desempeño. Posteriormente, se planteó un diseño experimental basado en la metodología de superficie de respuesta, donde se analizaron los efectos de la dosis de adsorbente y concentración inicial de cafeína sobre la remoción de este compuesto empleando Bent-Na-400 como material adsorbente. Los datos experimentales de remoción de cafeína se ajustaron a un modelo cuadrático, el cual describió adecuadamente las relaciones entre las variables experimentales y la función de respuesta. El diseño experimental también permitió obtener los parámetros óptimos para la remoción de cafeína, los cuales fueron el insumo para definir los intervalos para la realización de ensayos tendientes a estudiar el equilibrio, cinética y procesos difusionales en la adsorción de cafeína sobre Bent-Na 400. Los resultados de los ensayos de equilibrio de adsorción fueron ajustados a diferentes modelos de isotermas de adsorción, obteniéndose que el que mejor ajuste fue a los modelos de Toth, Redlich-Peterson y Langmuir con coeficientes de determinación mayores a 0,9851. La capacidad máxima de adsorción a 25 °C determinada con el modelo de Langmuir fue de 80,33 mg/g. También se encontró que los modelos cinéticos de mejor ajuste fueron los de Elovich y pseudo segundo orden, lo que sugiere que los sitios activos del adsorbente son heterogéneos y que el proceso de adsorción está controlado por la transferencia de masa externa. Considerando los resultados de la caracterización fisicoquímica del material BentNa-400, se estableció que el tratamiento térmico a 400 °C favoreció la formación de grupos silanol e hidróxido de aluminio en el adsorbente y que estos grupos pueden interactuar con la molécula de cafeína en la superficie del adsorbente mediante puentes de hidrógeno. Seguidamente se aplicaron modelos difusionales a los datos obtenidos en los ensayos cinéticos y se encontró un buen ajuste a los modelos de difusión en la película líquida (DPL) y difusión intrapartícula (DIP). Este análisis permitió establecer que la velocidad global de adsorción de cafeína sobre bentonita modificada térmicamente a 400 °C, está controlada en los primeros dos minutos del proceso por la difusión en la película líquida, seguida de la difusión intrapartícula entre los 4 y 26 minutos de tiempo de contacto. El transporte externo de masa (difusión en la película líquida) y la difusión intrapartícula son responsables del 79,4 y 16,7% de la remoción promedio de cafeína sobre Bent-Na-400, aunque la difusión intrapartícula es mucho más lenta que la difusión en la película líquida. Por tanto, la difusión en la película liquida es la etapa limítate de la adsorción de cafeína sobre Bent-Na-400. Para finalizar, se realizó un análisis preliminar de costos para la adsorción de cafeína en solución acuosa (30 mg/L) usando Bent-Na-400 y un caudal de 8 L/s. Los costos unitarios estuvieron entre 41 y 43 USD/kg cafeína removida, considerando un escenario sin y con regeneración, respectivamente. Con base en el análisis de costos se puede inferir que la adsorción de cafeína sobre Bent-Na-400 es un sistema de tratamiento económico, y que el adsorbente de origen natural es favorable desde el punto de vista ambiental (Texto tomado de la fuente)
dc.description.abstractThe present investigation studied caffeine adsorption on bentonite modified by heat treatment. The raw material of the adsorbent was a bentonite-type clay, coming from a deposit located in Armero-Guayabal (Tolima), an area characterized by the presence of clay rocks of volcanic origin, with the influence of the Nevado del Ruiz volcano. The purified clay was subjected to heat treatment at 200, 300, 400, and 500 °C to obtain different adsorbents. Chemical, structural, and textural characterization was carried out on each material obtained and on the purified clay dried at 60 °C using different analysis techniques (XRF, XRD, N2 adsorption at 77 K) to identify associated changes to thermal treatment and its effect on the adsorption process. From initial adsorption tests with each of the adsorbents obtained through thermal treatment at different temperatures, the influence of contact time, initial pH, and stirring speed on caffeine adsorption was established, and the thermally treated adsorbent at 400 °C (named Bent-Na-400) was selected as the one with the best performance. Subsequently, an experimental design was proposed based on the response surface methodology, where the effects of the adsorbent dose and initial concentration of caffeine on the removal of this compound were analyzed using Na-Bent-400 as adsorbent material. The experimental caffeine removal data were fitted to a quadratic model, which adequately described the relationships between the experimental variables and the response function. The experimental design also allowed the optimal parameters for removing caffeine to be obtained, which were the input to define the intervals for carrying out tests to study the equilibrium, kinetics, and diffusional processes in caffeine adsorption on Bent-Na-400. The results of the adsorption equilibrium tests were adjusted to different adsorption isotherm models, obtaining the best fit to the Toth, Redlich Peterson, and Langmuir models with determination coefficients greater than 0.9851. The maximum adsorption capacity at 25 °C determined with the Langmuir model was 80.33 mg/g. It was also found that the bestfitting kinetic models were those of Elovich and pseudo-second-order, which suggests that the active sites of the adsorbent are heterogeneous and that the adsorption process is controlled by external mass transfer. Considering the results of the physicochemical characterization of the Na-Bent- 400 material, it was established that the thermal treatment at 400 °C favored silanol and aluminol groups forming in the adsorbent and that these groups can interact with the caffeine molecule on the surface of the adsorbent through hydrogen bonds. Diffusional models were then applied to data obtained in the kinetic tests, and a good fit for the diffusion in the liquid film (DLF) and intraparticle diffusion (IPD) models was found. This analysis allowed us to establish that the global adsorption rate of caffeine on thermally modified bentonite at 400 °C is controlled in the first two minutes of the process by diffusion in the liquid film, followed by intraparticle diffusion between 4 and 26 minutes of contact time. External mass transport (diffusion in the liquid film) and intraparticle diffusion are responsible for 79.4% and 16.7% of the average caffeine removal on Na-Bent-400, respectively. However, intraparticle diffusion is much slower than diffusion in the liquid film. Therefore, diffusion in the liquid film is the limiting step of caffeine adsorption on Na-Bent400. Finally, a preliminary cost analysis was carried out for caffeine adsorption in an aqueous solution (30 mg/L) using Na-Bent-400 and a flow rate of 8 L/s. Unit costs were between 41 and 43 USD/kg removed caffeine, considering a scenario without and with regeneration. Based on the cost analysis, it can be inferred that the adsorption of caffeine on Na-Bent-400 is an economical treatment system and that the adsorbent of natural origin is favorable from the environmental point of view
dc.description.sponsorshipEl Departamento Administrativo de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación fue la entidad encargada de promover las políticas públicas para fomentar la ciencia, la tecnología y la innovación en Colombia desde 1968 hasta 2019. Ahora es conocido como Minciencias.
dc.format.extentix, 239 páginas
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia -Sede Manizales
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subject.ddc620 - Ingeniería y operaciones afines::629 - Otras ramas de la ingeniería
dc.titleAdsorción del contaminante emergente cafeína en medio acuoso empleando una arcilla modificada
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Doctorado
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.publisher.programManizales - Ingeniería y Arquitectura - Doctorado en Ingeniería - Ingeniería Química
dc.contributor.researchgroupProcesos Químicos, Catalíticos y Biotecnológicos
dc.contributor.researchgroupGrupo de Fisicoquímica Computacional
dc.description.degreelevelDoctorado
dc.description.degreenameDoctor en Ingeniería
dc.description.researchareaGestión del Recurso Hídrico
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ingeniería y Arquitectura
dc.publisher.placeManizales, Colombia
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Manizales
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject.proposalAdsorción
dc.subject.proposalBentonita
dc.subject.proposalCafeína
dc.subject.proposalDifusión
dc.subject.proposalMecanismo
dc.subject.proposalTratamiento térmico
dc.subject.proposalAdsorption
dc.subject.proposalBentonite
dc.subject.proposalCaffeine
dc.subject.proposalDiffusion
dc.subject.proposalMechanism
dc.subject.proposalHeat treatment
dc.title.translatedAdsorption of the emerging contaminant caffeine in aqueous medium using a modified clay
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.contentText
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
oaire.fundernameColciencias
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentBibliotecarios
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEstudiantes
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadores
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentMaestros
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentPúblico general
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentResponsables políticos
dc.description.curricularareaQuímica Y Procesos.Sede Manizales
dc.contributor.orcidQuintero Jaramillo, Javier Andres (0000-0002-8879-6095)


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