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Modelo matemático para el estudio de la persistencia y resistencia bacteriana de Helicobacter pylori en el estómago
dc.rights.license | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional |
dc.contributor.advisor | Casanova Trujillo, Simeón |
dc.contributor.author | Vega Noguera, Edgar Alberto |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-08-13T16:24:22Z |
dc.date.available | 2021-08-13T16:24:22Z |
dc.date.issued | 2021 |
dc.identifier.uri | https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/79947 |
dc.description | Figuras, tablas |
dc.description.abstract | H. pylori es un patógeno que según estimaciones ha colonizado a más del 60 % de la población mundial. La infección por H. pylori según estudios clínicos tiene una estrecha relación con el desarrollo de enfermedades gástricas que van desde una gastritis activa, pasando por una inflamación crónica de la mucosa hasta alcanzar cuadros patológicos como cáncer gástrico. Los tratamientos para combatir esta infección también se han visto incididos por el flagelo de salud pública referente al desarrollo de resistencia antibiótica, haciendo que los fármacos comunes con que se trata la infección producida por H. pylori presenten elevadas tasas de resistencia, condenando al fracaso a la mayoría de las terapias combinadas que se utilizan para contrarrestar la infección. De este modo, en este trabajo se adaptó y formulo un modelo matemático para describir un in vivo el crecimiento, adquisición de resistencia bacteriana y respuesta inmune para H. pylori. El modelo examina la interacción entre población sensible y resistente del patógeno y la respuesta inmune celular activada por los linfocitos T cuando el individuo se somete a una terapia de erradicación antibiótica. Los resultados del análisis cualitativo revelan la existencia de 5 estados de equilibrio: (i) un estado libre de infección, (ii) un estado endémico solo de bacterias resistentes, (iii) un estado endémico de coexistencia bacteriana de H. pylori con disminución a cero de la respuesta inmune, (iv) un estado endémico en el que se equilibra la carga bacteriana resistente de H. pylori con el nivel de respuesta inmune y (v) un estado endémico donde coexisten bacterias sensibles y resistentes del patógeno con proliferación de la respuesta inmune. El análisis de estabilidad mostró que las soluciones equilibrio (i) y (iv) son localmente asintóticamente estables, en cambio los equilibrios (ii) y (iii) son inestables. Las simulaciones numéricas que ilustran la dinámica temporal del H. pylori sensible y resistente corroboran el análisis cualitativo, además, dan información sobre el surgimiento de un ciclo limite que rompe la estabilidad del equilibrio de coexistencia (v) (Texto tomado de la fuente) |
dc.description.abstract | H. pylori is a pathogen that is estimated to have colonized more than 60 % of the world’s population. According to clinical studies, H. pylori infection has a close relationship with the development of gastric diseases, ranging from active gastritis to chronic inflammation of the mucosa to pathological conditions such as gastric cancer. Treatments to combat this infection have also been affected by the public health scourge related to the development of antibiotic resistance, causing the common drugs used to treat H. pylori infection to have high rates of resistance. Thus, in this work we adapted and formulated a mathematical model to describe an in vivo growth, acquisition of bacterial resistance and immune response for H. pylori. The model describes the growth of sensitive and resistant bacteria along with the cellular immune response activated by T lymphocytes when the individual is subjected to when the individual is undergoing antibiotic eradication therapy. The qualitative analysis of the model was described in terms of the bacterial growth rate, the rate of acquisition of resistance by antibiotic exposure, the rate of elimination by action of the antimicrobial, and the rate of epithelial detachment of H. pylori. The results of the qualitative analysis reveal the existence of 5 states of equilibrium: (i) an infection-free state, (ii) an endemic state only of resistant bacteria, (iii) an endemic state of bacterial coexistence of H. pylori with a decrease to zero of the immune response, (iv) an endemic state in which the resistant bacterial load of H. pylori is balanced with the level of immune response and (v) an endemic state where sensitive and resistant bacteria coexist of the pathogen with proliferation of the immune response. The stability analysis showed that the equilibrium solutions (i) and (iv) are locally asymptotically stable, whereas the equilibria (ii) and (iii) are unstable. The numerical simulations that illustrate the temporal dynamics of the sensitive and resistant H. pylori corroborate the qualitative analysis, in addition, they provide information on the emergence of a limited cycle that breaks the stability of the coexistence equilibrium (v). |
dc.format.extent | 130 páginas |
dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf |
dc.language.iso | spa |
dc.publisher | Universidad Nacional de Colombia |
dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
dc.subject.ddc | 610 - Medicina y salud |
dc.subject.lcsh | Infectious diseases--Epidemiology--Mathematical models |
dc.title | Modelo matemático para el estudio de la persistencia y resistencia bacteriana de Helicobacter pylori en el estómago |
dc.type | Trabajo de grado - Maestría |
dc.type.driver | info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
dc.type.version | info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion |
dc.publisher.program | Manizales - Ciencias Exactas y Naturales - Maestría en Ciencias - Matemática Aplicada |
dc.description.degreelevel | Maestría |
dc.description.degreename | Magíster en Ciencias - Matemática Aplicada |
dc.identifier.instname | Universidad Nacional de Colombia |
dc.identifier.reponame | Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia |
dc.identifier.repourl | https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/ |
dc.publisher.department | Departamento de Matemáticas y Estadística |
dc.publisher.faculty | Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales |
dc.publisher.place | Manizales, Colombia |
dc.publisher.branch | Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Manizales |
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dc.rights.accessrights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
dc.subject.lemb | Enfermedades infecciosas -- Modelos matemáticos |
dc.subject.proposal | Ecuaciones diferenciales no lineales |
dc.subject.proposal | Estabilidad |
dc.subject.proposal | Resistencia bacteriana |
dc.subject.proposal | H. pylori |
dc.subject.proposal | Sistema inmune |
dc.subject.proposal | Nonlinear differential equations |
dc.subject.proposal | Stability |
dc.subject.proposal | Bacterial resistance |
dc.subject.proposal | H. pylori |
dc.subject.proposal | Immune system |
dc.title.translated | Mathematical model for the study of bacterial persistence and resistance of Helicobacter pylori in the stomach |
dc.type.coar | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc |
dc.type.coarversion | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa |
dc.type.content | Text |
oaire.accessrights | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
oaire.awardtitle | Bécate Nariño |
oaire.fundername | Fundación CeiBA |
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