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Influencia del silicio en el desarrollo de enfermedades foliares y respuestas fisiológicas y agronómicas de arveja (Pisum sativum)

dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional
dc.contributor.advisorGómez Caro, Sandra
dc.contributor.advisorRestrepo Díaz, Hermann
dc.contributor.authorVargas Rojas, Viviana
dc.date.accessioned2023-02-06T15:59:42Z
dc.date.available2023-02-06T15:59:42Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/83315
dc.descriptionilustraciones, fotografías, graficas
dc.description.abstractDentro de las principales limitantes del cultivo de arveja (Pisum sativum L.) están los patógenos foliares que pueden ocasionar pérdidas entre el 20 y 100%. La aplicación de bioestimulantes como el silicio (Si) se ha reportado como una alternativa para el manejo de enfermedades, sin embargo, la información sobre su uso en arveja aún es limitada. En esta investigación se evaluó el efecto del silicio básico y acidulado sobre el desarrollo de Ascochyta spp. in vitro y bajo condiciones de invernadero en plantas de arveja variedad Vizcaya. Así mismo, en condiciones de campo se realizaron dos experimentos, que evaluaron el efecto de la aplicación edáfica o foliar del Si (acidulado o básico) en el desarrollo de enfermedades ocasionadas por Ascochyta spp., Peronospora viciae y Erysiphe pisi. Adicionalmente, se determinaron las respuestas fisiológicas y agronómicas del cultivo en comparación con la aplicación única de fungicidas. Como variables, en condiciones in vitro se evaluó el crecimiento micelial de la colonia; bajo condiciones de invernadero y campo se evaluaron la severidad de cada enfermedad, contenido de clorofila, conductancia estomática (gs), pigmentos fotosintéticos, tasa relativa de crecimiento (TRC) y altura de la planta. Adicionalmente, se midió el rendimiento y sus componentes. Se encontró que los tratamientos de Si inhibieron el crecimiento micelial de Ascochyta spp. en medio de cultivo. Se presentaron diferencias significativas entre los niveles de severidad de las enfermedades evaluadas en tratamientos con Si con respecto al control, sin afectar el rendimiento del cultivo. Los tratamientos con aplicación edáfica de Si acidulado presentaron mayor eficacia con respecto a la aplicación de Si básico y los tratamientos foliares. Se encontró que con la aplicación de Si es posible reducir el uso de fungicidas comerciales para el manejo de las principales enfermedades foliares de arveja. Los resultados obtenidos son un aporte en la búsqueda de alternativas para el manejo de enfermedades, que además mitiguen el efecto en la fisiología de la planta y contribuyan a su vez a la reducción del uso de fungicidas en el cultivo. (Texto tomado de la fuente)
dc.description.abstractAmong the main constraints of the pea (Pisum sativum L.) crop, the foliar pathogens may cause losses between 20 and 100%. The application of biostimulants such as silicon (Si) has been reported as an alternative for plant disease management, however, the knowledge on the effects of Si in pea plant is still scarce. In this research, the effect of basic and acidified Si on the in vitro mycelial growth of Ascochyta spp. and the disease development under greenhouse conditions on pea cv. Vizcaya was evaluated. Two experiments were carried out under field conditions to assess the effect of the edaphic and foliar Si (acidic and basic) application on the diseases caused by Ascochyta spp., Peronospora viciae and Erysiphe pisi. Additionally, physiological and agronomic responses of the crop were determined. Diameter of Ascochyta colony was measured under in vitro conditions; disease severity, chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance (gs), photosynthetic pigments, relative growth rate (RGR), plant height and crop yield components were recorded under greenhouse and field conditions. Si treatments were found to inhibit mycelial growth of Ascochyta spp. in culture medium. The lowest disease severity was observed in plants treated with Si, without negative effect on crop yield. Treatments with edaphic acidified Si application showed a higher efficiency in contrast to basic Si application and Si foliar treatments. The results suggest that the use of chemical fungicides on pea crops may be reduced by use of treatments based on silicon. Moreover, contribute to the search of alternatives of plant disease management, which not only mitigate their negative effect on plant physiology but also help to decrease the use of fungicides during the crop cycle.
dc.format.extent111 páginas
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subject.ddc630 - Agricultura y tecnologías relacionadas::633 - Cultivos de campo y de plantación
dc.titleInfluencia del silicio en el desarrollo de enfermedades foliares y respuestas fisiológicas y agronómicas de arveja (Pisum sativum)
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestría
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Ciencias Agrarias - Maestría en Ciencias Agrarias
dc.description.degreelevelMaestría
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Ciencias Agrarias
dc.description.researchareaFitopatología
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ciencias Agrarias
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombia
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject.agrovocuriTizón
dc.subject.agrovocuriBlight
dc.subject.agrovocuriEnfermedades de las plantas
dc.subject.agrovocuriPlant diseases
dc.subject.agrovocuriPisum sativum
dc.subject.proposalBioestimulantes
dc.subject.proposalTizón por ascochyta
dc.subject.proposalMildeo velloso
dc.subject.proposalMildeo polvoso
dc.subject.proposalSilicio
dc.subject.proposalBiostimulants
dc.subject.proposalAscochyta blight
dc.subject.proposalDowny mildew
dc.subject.proposalPowdery mildew
dc.subject.proposalSilicon
dc.title.translatedInfluence of silicon on the development of foliar diseases and physiological and agronomic responses of pea (Pisum sativum)
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.contentText
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2


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