Emulsion formation and breaking during in situ combustion.
| dc.contributor.advisor | Molina Ochoa, Alejandro | |
| dc.contributor.author | Álvarez Martínez, Felipe | |
| dc.contributor.researchgroup | Bioprocesos y Flujos Reactivos | spa |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-10-14T18:15:04Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2021-10-14T18:15:04Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2021 | |
| dc.description | ilustraciones, diagramas | spa |
| dc.description.abstract | The behavior of water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions during in situ combustion was studied for three different crude oils. The variables studied were shear rate, water content, level of oxidation, and the addition of silica nanoparticles. The emulsions were characterized on its thermogravimetric behavior, droplet size distribution, rheology, and viscosity. The formation of highly stable W/O emulsions is a common and undesirable consequence of thermal enhanced oil recovery (TEOR) operations. The properties of the crude oil, the amount of energy transferred to the phases, the level of oxidation, and the water content are important factors that affect the formation and breaking of this kind of emulsions. The emulsions were formed in a sealed, continuous, stirred tank with temperature and stirring rate control and at two stirring levels to represent shear rates that were comparable to those present in the pore and close to the wellbore. Oxidation was carried out in a custom-designed setup that aimed to prevent evaporation, while air flowed through the crude. The results indicate that the presence of emulsions reduces the rate of water evaporation as the temperature range at which water evaporates increases by up to 50 K depending on the crude oil. A further increase in the temperature at which the water in the emulsion evaporates is observed in oxidation oil samples. The typical droplet size of the emulsions formed is of the order of 2 m. Interestingly, while the presence of emulsions increases the viscosity of two crude samples (Q and S) it decreases the viscosity for a third sample (C) as the stability of the emulsion for crude C is compromised at the shear rates obtained in the viscosity measurements. The inclusion of 1000 mg/L of silica nanoparticles has a positive, although minor, effect on the emulsion formation process as it increases the rate of evaporation of the emulsified water, reduces the viscosity of the emulsion, and increases the mean droplet size. | eng |
| dc.description.abstract | El comportamiento de emulsiones de agua en aceite (W/O) durante la combustión in situ fue estudiada para tres diferentes crudos. Las variables estudiadas fueron tasa de corte, contenido de agua, nivel de oxidación, y la adición de nanopartículas de sílica. Las emulsiones fueron caracterizadas mediante su comportamiento termogravimétrico, distribución de tamaño de gota, reología y viscosidad. La formación de emulsiones W/O altamente estables es una consecuencia común e indeseable de operaciones de recobro mejorado térmico (TEOR por sus siglas en inglés). Las propiedades del crudo, la cantidad de energía entregada a las fases, el nivel de oxidación, y el contenido de agua son factores importantes que afectan la formación que afectan la formación y rompimiento de este tipo de emulsiones. Las emulsiones fueron formadas en un tanque agitado sellado y continuo que cuenta con control de temperatura y tasa de corte y a dos niveles de agitación para así representar las tasas de corte que pudieran ser comparables con aquellas presentes en el poro y cerca de la cara de pozo. La oxidación se llevó a cabo en un montaje personalizado que buscaba prevenir la evaporación, mientras aire fluía a través del crudo. Los resultados indican que la presencia de emulsiones reduce la tasa de evaporación de agua mientras que el rango de temperatura en el que el agua se evapora incrementa hasta 50 K dependiendo del crudo. Un incremento adicional en la temperatura a la cual el agua presente en la emulsión se evapora se observa en las muestras de crudo oxidado. El tamaño de gota común en las emulsiones formadas es del orden de 2 m. De manera interesante, mientras la presencia de emulsiones incrementa la viscosidad para dos muestras de crudo (Q y S), esta disminuye la viscosidad para la tercera muestra (crudo C) ya que la estabilidad de las emulsiones con curdo C es comprometida a las tasas de corte que se presentan durante las mediciones de viscosidad. La inclusión de 1000 mg/L de nanopartículas de sílica tiene un impacto positivo, aunque bajo, en el proceso de formación de emulsiones ya que la tasa de evaporación del agua en emulsión aumenta, reduce la viscosidad de la emulsión y además aumenta el tamaño medio de las gotas. (Texto tomado de la fuente) | spa |
| dc.description.degreelevel | Maestría | spa |
| dc.description.degreename | Magíster en Ingeniería - Ingeniería Química | spa |
| dc.description.researcharea | Flujos reactivos | spa |
| dc.format.extent | xv, 52 páginas | spa |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | spa |
| dc.identifier.instname | Universidad Nacional de Colombia | spa |
| dc.identifier.reponame | Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia | spa |
| dc.identifier.repourl | https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/ | spa |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/80553 | |
| dc.language.iso | eng | spa |
| dc.publisher | Universidad Nacional de Colombia | spa |
| dc.publisher.branch | Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Medellín | spa |
| dc.publisher.department | Departamento de Procesos y Energía | spa |
| dc.publisher.faculty | Facultad de Minas | spa |
| dc.publisher.place | Medellín, Colombia | spa |
| dc.publisher.program | Medellín - Minas - Maestría en Ingeniería - Ingeniería Química | spa |
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| dc.rights.accessrights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | spa |
| dc.rights.license | Atribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional | spa |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ | spa |
| dc.subject.ddc | 660 - Ingeniería química | spa |
| dc.subject.lemb | Nanoparticles | eng |
| dc.subject.lemb | Recobro del petróleo | spa |
| dc.subject.lemb | Secondary recovery of oil | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Recobro mejorado térmico | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Emulsión | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Nanopartículas | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Viscosidad | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Análisis termogravimétrico | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Thermal enhanced oil recovery (TEOR) | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Emulsions | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Nanoparticles | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Viscosity | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Droplet size | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Thermogravimetric behavior | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Tamaño de gota | spa |
| dc.title | Emulsion formation and breaking during in situ combustion. | eng |
| dc.title.translated | Formación y rompimiento de emulsiones en combustión in situ. | spa |
| dc.type | Trabajo de grado - Maestría | spa |
| dc.type.coar | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc | spa |
| dc.type.coarversion | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa | spa |
| dc.type.content | Text | spa |
| dc.type.driver | info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis | spa |
| dc.type.redcol | http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM | spa |
| dc.type.version | info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion | spa |
| dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Investigadores | spa |
| dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Maestros | spa |
| oaire.accessrights | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 | spa |
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