Influencia de los movimientos oculares en la biomecánica de la cabeza del nervio óptico

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dc.contributor.advisorCortés Rodríguez, Carlos Juliospa
dc.contributor.advisorRodríguez Montaño, Óscar Libardospa
dc.contributor.authorAlarcón Castiblanco, Juan Davidspa
dc.contributor.orcidAlarcón-Castiblanco, Juan David [0000-0001-8506-0130]spa
dc.contributor.researchgroupGrupo de Investigación en Biomecánica / Universidad Nacional de Colombia Gibm-Uncbspa
dc.date.accessioned2023-01-17T19:41:24Z
dc.date.available2023-01-17T19:41:24Z
dc.date.issued2022-12-12
dc.descriptionilustraciones, gráficas, tablasspa
dc.description.abstractEl ojo, como órgano de la visión, tiene en su interior tejidos nerviosos muy frágiles que, al ser dañados, pueden derivar en trastornos graves en la visión. Dada la imposibilidad de realizar ensayos invasivos sobre estos tejidos, se ha acudido en los últimos años a la modelación en computador y la simulación usando métodos numéricos. Distintos autores han estudiado la influencia de una elevada presión intraocular como principal determinador mecánico que podría dañar estos tejidos. Sin embargo, existen otros factores que podrían afectar estos tejidos, como los movimientos oculares, en los que se profundiza en este trabajo. Se compara la influencia que tienen estos movimientos con respecto a la que ejerce la presión intraocular (PIO), usando un modelo tridimensional ajustado a la anatomía, y los elementos finitos. Se obtuvo como resultado que, en el movimiento de abducción para el tejido nervioso prelaminar y la retina peripapilar, el valor de la deformación principal máxima y mínima se duplica, si se compara con los valores normales (PIO 15 mmHg). Asimismo, para el tejido nervioso preliminar el valor de esfuerzo y deformación tangencial en el plano del movimiento es noventa veces mayor con respecto al estado normal, y en la lámina cribosa este valor es 18 veces mayor. (Texto tomado de la fuente).spa
dc.description.abstractThe eye, as the vision organ, contains fragile nervous tissues, and if they get injured, it could generate serious troubles in the vision. Considering the impossibility to carry on test on these tissues, the modelling and studies on computer using numercial methods have emerged in the last years as an alternative. In this work we explore the influence of the eye movements on the optic nerve head biomechanics. We compare the impact these movements of the eye have regarding the one that have the intraocular pression (IOP), using an anatomical-fitting tridimensional model of the eye and a finite element software. We get that the maximum and minimum principal deformation increase two times when we have an 12° abduction movement, compared with the normal state (IOP 15 mmHg) in the prelaminar neural tissue and the peripapillary retina; and we have ninety times the value of shear stress and strain on the movement plane, making the same comparission, regarding the prelaminar neural tissue; and in the lamina cribosa this value is eighteen times greater.eng
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Ingeniería Mecánicaspa
dc.description.notesIncluye anexosspa
dc.description.researchareaBiomecánica computacionalspa
dc.format.extent57 páginas, vispa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/82989
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotáspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ingenieríaspa
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Ingeniería - Maestría en Ingeniería - Ingeniería Mecánicaspa
dc.relation.indexedBiremespa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/spa
dc.subject.ddc610 - Medicina y salud::612 - Fisiología humanaspa
dc.subject.ddc620 - Ingeniería y operaciones afines::629 - Otras ramas de la ingenieríaspa
dc.subject.decsPresión Intraocularspa
dc.subject.decsIntraocular Pressureeng
dc.subject.decsMedidas del Movimiento Ocularspa
dc.subject.decsEye Movement Measurementseng
dc.subject.decsOptic Nerve /physiologyeng
dc.subject.decsNervio Óptico/fisiologíaspa
dc.subject.proposalBiomecánicaspa
dc.subject.proposalMovimientos ocularesspa
dc.subject.proposalNervio ópticospa
dc.subject.proposalElementos finitosspa
dc.subject.proposalOjospa
dc.subject.proposalEyeeng
dc.subject.proposalOptic nerveeng
dc.subject.proposalBiomechanicseng
dc.subject.proposalEye movementseng
dc.subject.proposalFinite element methodeng
dc.titleInfluencia de los movimientos oculares en la biomecánica de la cabeza del nervio ópticospa
dc.title.translatedInfluence of the ocular movements on the biomechanics of the optic nerve headeng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TMspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEstudiantesspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadoresspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa

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