Estudio de las coinfecciones virales presentes en el complejo reproductivo porcino (SMEDI) en cerdas de reemplazo en granjas tecnificadas de Cundinamarca y otras regiones de Colombia

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dc.contributor.advisorMogollón, José Daríospa
dc.contributor.authorVargas Bermúdez, Diana Susanaspa
dc.contributor.orcidVargas Bermúdez, Diana Susana [0000000192011759]spa
dc.contributor.researchgroupCentro de Investigación en Infectología e Inmunología Veterinaria (Ci3V)spa
dc.coverage.countryColombiaspa
dc.coverage.regionCundinamarcaspa
dc.date.accessioned2025-06-09T12:55:09Z
dc.date.available2025-06-09T12:55:09Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.descriptionilustraciones, diagramas (algunos a color)spa
dc.description.abstractEn el presente estudio se investigó la prevalencia y los patrones de coinfección de virus primarios (PCV2, PPV1 y PRRSV) y emergentes (PCV3, PCV4 y nPPVs) asociados al fallo reproductivo porcino (PRF) en cerdas de cría en Colombia. La investigación se desarrolló en dos partes consecutivas: la primera constituyó un estudio transversal sobre cerdas de reemplazo y la segunda fue un seguimiento longitudinal sobre cerdas primíparas y multíparas. En la primera parte (estudio transversal) fueron colectadas y analizadas 234 muestras de suero de cerdas de reemplazo provenientes de 40 granjas tecnificadas de las cinco regiones con mayor producción porcina en Colombia. Los resultados revelaron una circulación predominante de PCV2 y PRRSV, junto con una presencia significativa de los nPPVs. Se identificaron asociaciones estadísticamente significativas entre PPV6 con PCV3 y entre PPV5 con PRRSV. Además, se estableció una correlación positiva entre la presencia de PCV3 y una mayor probabilidad del parámetro tasa de parto. Los análisis filogenéticos y filo-evolutivos de las secuencias virales obtenidas en esta fase, mostraron que las cepas de PPV1 se segregaron en el clado PPV1-II, junto con cepas hipervirulentas. (27a). Los nPPVs presentaron tasas de sustitución nucleotídica de 10-4 por año, con orígenes geográficos diversos y una circulación estimada en Colombia desde comienzos del siglo XXI. En la segunda parte (estudio longitudinal) fueron monitoreadas 40 cerdas en cuatro granjas a lo largo de las fases de preñez, parto y lactancia, junto con seguimiento por tres semanas de sus progenies. Se analizaron muestras de suero, calostro y tejidos mediante PCR para detectar los virus primarios y emergentes, así como sus coinfecciones. Adicionalmente, se realizaron pruebas serológicas para detectar anticuerpos anti- PCV2, PCV3, PPV1 y PRRSV, junto con evaluación histopatológica y análisis filogenéticos. Se estableció la presencia de PCV2, PCV3 y PPV1 en todas las granjas, PRRSV en una sola granja, mientras que algunos nPPVs se detectaron de forma esporádica. En esta segunda fase del estudio, se identificaron diversas coinfecciones que involucraban principalmente a los virus primarios, siendo la coinfección PCV2/PPV1 la más prevalente. Notablemente, esta coinfección se asoció con cargas virales de PCV2 significativamente más elevadas tanto en las cerdas al momento del parto como en los fetos. Adicionalmente, se observó que los títulos de anticuerpos anti-PCV2 eran considerablemente menores en presencia de coinfecciones PCV2/PRRSV y PCV3/PRRSV. Los análisis filogenéticos determinaron que las cepas circulantes correspondían a PCV2d, PCV3a y PRRSV-2 linaje 1, sublinaje A. Todos los virus fueron detectados en bajas cargas virales sin signos clínicos evidentes (animales asintomáticos) y las evidencias histopatológicas no revelaron lesiones características; estos resultados, en su conjunto, sugirieren una presentación subclínica de FRP. Asimismo, se desarrollaron y aplicaron sondas de hibridación in situ para PCV2 y PRRSV, detectándose genomas virales de forma localizada y en baja cantidad en tejidos fetales sin lesiones aparentes. Es importante destacar que todas las muestras analizadas en este estudio resultaron negativas para PCV4 y PPV8. Esta investigación proporciona un análisis exhaustivo de la circulación viral en cerdas de cría en Colombia, ofreciendo nuevas perspectivas sobre la dinámica de infección y coinfección en el contexto del FRP (Texto tomado de la fuente).spa
dc.description.abstractIn the present study, we investigated the prevalence and coinfection patterns of primary viruses (PCV2, PPV1, and PRRSV) and emerging viruses (PCV3, PCV4, and nPPVs) associated with porcine reproductive failure (PRF) in breeding sows in Colombia. The research was performed in two consecutive parts: the first was a cross-sectional study on replacement sows, and the second was a longitudinal follow-up of primiparous and multiparous sows. In the first part (cross-sectional study), we collected and analyzed 234 serum samples from replacement gilts from 40 high-production farms in Colombia's five major pig production regions. The results revealed a predominant circulation of PCV2 and PRRSV and a significant presence of nPPVs. Statistically significant associations were identified between PPV6 and PCV3 and between PPV5 and PRRSV. In addition, a positive correlation was established between the presence of PCV3 and a higher probability of the farrowing rate parameter. Phylogenetic and phyloevolutionary analyses of the viral sequences obtained showed that PPV1 strains were segregated in the PPV1-II clade, including hypervirulent strains (27a). The nPPVs presented nucleotide substitution rates of 10-4 per year, with diverse geographic origins and an estimated circulation in Colombia since the beginning of the 21st century. In the second part (longitudinal study), 40 sows in four farms were monitored throughout the pregnancy, delivery, and lactation phases, along with a three-week follow-up of their progeny. Serum, colostrum, and tissue samples were analyzed by PCR to detect primary and emerging viruses and their coinfections. Additionally, serological tests were performed to detect anti-PCV2, PCV3, PPV1, and PRRSV antibodies, along with histopathological evaluation and phylogenetic analysis. PCV2, PCV3, and PPV1 were identified in all farms, PRRSV was detected in only one farm, and some nPPVs sporadically. In this second phase of the study, various coinfections were identified, primarily involving the primary viruses, with the PCV2/PPV1 coinfection emerging as the most prevalent. Notably, this coinfection was associated with significantly higher PCV2 viral loads in both sows at farrowing and in their fetuses. Furthermore, it was observed that anti-PCV2 antibody titers were considerably lower in the presence of PCV2/PRRSV and PCV3/PRRSV coinfections.Phylogenetic analyses determined that circulating strains corresponded to PCV2d, PCV3a, and PRRSV-2 lineage 1, sublineage A. All viruses were detected in low viral loads without evident clinical signs (asymptomatic animals), and histopathological evidence did not reveal characteristic lesions; these results, taken together, suggested a subclinical presentation of FRP. Likewise, in situ hybridization probes for PCV2 and PRRSV were developed and applied, detecting viral genomes in a localized manner and low quantities in fetal tissues without apparent lesions. It is essential to highlight that all samples analyzed in this study were negative for PCV4 and PPV8. This research provides a comprehensive analysis of viral circulation in breeding sows in Colombia, offering new insights into infection and coinfection dynamics in the context of FRP.eng
dc.description.degreelevelDoctoradospa
dc.description.degreenameDoctor en Biotecnologíaspa
dc.format.extentxix, 185 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.cospa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/88206
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotáspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Cienciasspa
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Ciencias - Doctorado en Biotecnologíaspa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/spa
dc.subject.ddc590 - Animales::599 - Mamíferosspa
dc.subject.ddc570 - Biología::576 - Genética y evoluciónspa
dc.subject.ddc610 - Medicina y salud::616 - Enfermedadesspa
dc.subject.lembVIROSIS PORCINAspa
dc.subject.lembSwine virus diseaseseng
dc.subject.lembMECANIZACION AGRICOLAspa
dc.subject.lembFarm mechanizationeng
dc.subject.lembCERDOS-FERTILIDADspa
dc.subject.lembSwine - fertilityeng
dc.subject.lembCERDOS-REPRODUCCIONspa
dc.subject.lembSwine - reproductioneng
dc.subject.lembCRIA DE CERDOSspa
dc.subject.lembSwine - breedingeng
dc.subject.proposalCerdas de críaspa
dc.subject.proposalCoinfecciones viralesspa
dc.subject.proposalFallo reproductivo porcino (PRF)spa
dc.subject.proposalPCVs
dc.subject.proposalPPVs
dc.subject.proposalPRRSV
dc.subject.proposalBreeding sowseng
dc.subject.proposalViral coinfectionseng
dc.subject.proposalPorcine reproductive failureeng
dc.titleEstudio de las coinfecciones virales presentes en el complejo reproductivo porcino (SMEDI) en cerdas de reemplazo en granjas tecnificadas de Cundinamarca y otras regiones de Colombiaspa
dc.title.translatedStudy of viral coinfections in the Porcine Reproductive Complex (SMEDI) in replacement gilts from industrialized swine farms in Cundinamarca and other regions of Colombiaeng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Doctoradospa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06spa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentDataPaperspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TDspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEstudiantesspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadoresspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa

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Doctorado en Biotecnología