Análisis de deformaciones y modelo estructural del frente de deformación del piedemonte llanero de la cordillera oriental de Colombia
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La evolución estructural del frente de deformación del Piedemonte Llanero de Colombia, ha estado relacionada con procesos de exhumación de la Cordillera Oriental, involucrando fallas de basamento reactivadas y la generación de una intensa deformación (Kammer, 1997; Mora, 2006). Para su caracterización fue aplicado el método Normalizado de Fry (Fry, 1979) en capas conglomeráticas del Grupo Farallones; además de un método gráfico basado en la retro-deformación de amonoideos de la Formación Lutitas de Macanal en Japhi 1.1. Estos análisis permiten definir los parámetros de las elipsoides calculadas, teniendo valores de deformación (R) y de orientación phi (ø). Basados en estos resultados, los dominios de deformación son interpretados y descompuestos en direcciones preferenciales N-S y SW-NE, presentando una relación directa con los elementos estructurales que se encuentran en el área. Adicionalmente, se elabora un modelo estructural aplicando el modelo de Tri-Shear, en los Anticlinales de Guayabetal y Buenavista en el Piedemonte Llanero, donde se integran las deformaciones medidas y modeladas en el software FaultFoldForward (Allmendinger, 1998). La integración del modelo estructural y el análisis de deformaciones nos permiten evidenciar las zonas con mayor deformación, relacionadas con los flancos verticales a invertidos de las estructuras y con zonas de falla. Las zonas de menor deformación se relacionan con los flancos poco inclinados de las estructuras.
Abstract: The structural evolution of the deformation front of the Llanos Foothills of Colombia, has been associated with processes of exhumation of the Cordillera Oriental, involving reactivated basement faults and generation of an intense deformation (Kammer, 1997; Mora, 2006). In order to characterize strain the Fry method was applied (Fry, 1979) in conglomeratic layers of the Farallones group; and a graphical method based on the retro-deformation of ammonoids of Macanal Formation. These analyses define the parameters of the ellipses calculated; taking strain values (R) and orientation phi (ø). Based on these results deformation domains are interpreted and decomposed into preferential directions N-S and NE-SW, showing a direct relationship with the structural elements that occur in the area. Additionally, a structural model by applying the model of Tri-Shear, in the Guayabetal and Buenavista Anticlines in the Llanos Foothills is made; where measured strains are integrated and molded in FaultFoldForward software (Allmendinger, 1998). The integration of the structural model and strain analysis allow us to show more deformation zones, related to the vertical to inverted limbs of the structures and fault zones; less deformation zones relate to the normal limbs of the structures.
Abstract: The structural evolution of the deformation front of the Llanos Foothills of Colombia, has been associated with processes of exhumation of the Cordillera Oriental, involving reactivated basement faults and generation of an intense deformation (Kammer, 1997; Mora, 2006). In order to characterize strain the Fry method was applied (Fry, 1979) in conglomeratic layers of the Farallones group; and a graphical method based on the retro-deformation of ammonoids of Macanal Formation. These analyses define the parameters of the ellipses calculated; taking strain values (R) and orientation phi (ø). Based on these results deformation domains are interpreted and decomposed into preferential directions N-S and NE-SW, showing a direct relationship with the structural elements that occur in the area. Additionally, a structural model by applying the model of Tri-Shear, in the Guayabetal and Buenavista Anticlines in the Llanos Foothills is made; where measured strains are integrated and molded in FaultFoldForward software (Allmendinger, 1998). The integration of the structural model and strain analysis allow us to show more deformation zones, related to the vertical to inverted limbs of the structures and fault zones; less deformation zones relate to the normal limbs of the structures.