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Simulación molecular de la doble capa eléctrica en la interfase catódica Pt/O2/H2O para celdas de combustible de hidrógeno

dc.contributor.advisorRibadeneira Paz, Rafael Esteban
dc.contributor.authorNúñez Toledo, Laura Elisa
dc.contributor.researchgroupGrupo Kimeraspa
dc.date.accessioned2021-05-04T13:25:56Z
dc.date.available2021-05-04T13:25:56Z
dc.date.issued2020-12
dc.description.abstractLos requerimientos energéticos mundiales han aumentado la oferta de dispositivos para la generación de energía, entre ellos los basados en electroquímica. La economía emergente del hidrógeno posibilita su uso como combustible en celdas de combustible de hidrógeno (PEMFC) cuyo desarrollo tiene desafíos como la lenta velocidad de reacción de la reducción de oxígeno (ORR), que tiene lugar en la interfase del cátodo de platino. El entendimiento de los fenómenos que ocurren en la doble capa eléctrica (DCE) del cátodo es fundamental para observar su efecto en el desempeño de la celda. Por esta razón en esta tesis se desarrolló un conjunto de simulaciones de dinámica molecular, para el sistema Pt/O2/H2O con concentraciones molares de O2 entre X(O2)=0 y X(O2)=0.1273, correspondientes a la operación de una PEMFC. Las simulaciones se realizaron para tres superficies expuestas del metal: Pt(100), Pt(110) y Pt(111), de lo cual se hallaron tres tipos de perfiles: perfil de densidad de átomos, de carga eléctrica y de potencial eléctrico. Con los perfiles se explicó la DCE donde se encontró un comportamiento oscilante de los perfiles debido al enfoque molecular de este trabajo y un efecto hasta 10 Å desde la superficie del metal. La afinidad de las especies H2O y O2 es tal que existe una adsorción competitiva entre ellas, además, sin presencia de oxígeno la superficie de Pt(111) mostró mayor interacción con el H2O y en presencia de oxígeno, la superficie de Pt(111), tuvo preferencia por O2 y la de Pt(100) por H2O . Como aporte adicional de esta tesis, luego de caracterizar la doble capa eléctrica, se halló el sobrepotencial eléctrico ηf el cual afecta directamente a la cinética de la reacción catódica y por ende al comportamiento macroscópico de la celda, lo cual se comparó con resultados experimentales por medio de una simulación multiescala de la PEMFC, desarrollada anteriormente en el grupo de investigación KIMERA. Así, variando la corriente y el contenido de agua en el cátodo, se comprobó el efecto macroscópico de la doble capa eléctrica en la interfase Pt/O2/H2O y se mejoró la exactitud del modelo para humedades relativas del cátodo superiores al 60%.spa
dc.description.abstractThe worldwide energetic requirements have increased the offer of devices for energy generation, included those based on electrochemistry. The emerging hydrogen economy enables the use of hydrogen in fuel cells (PEMFC), which development has drawbacks as the slow reaction rate of the oxygen reduction reaction, that occurs at the platinum cathode interface. The understanding of phenomena that occurs in electric double layer is fundamental to observe its effect in the macroscopic behavior of the cell. For this reason, in this thesis it was developed a set of molecular dynamics simulations for the Pt/O2/H2O with molar concentrations between X(O2)=0 y X(O2)=0.1273, corresponding to the operation of a PEMFC. The simulations were developed for three exposed surfaces: Pt(100), Pt(110) y Pt(111), in which were finded three kinds of profiles: atoms density profiles, electric charge and electric potential profiles. With the profiles, the DCE was explained, where an oscillating behavior of the profiles was found due to the molecular approach of this work and an effect up to 10 Å from the metal surface. The affinity of the H2O and O2 species is such that there is a competitive adsorption between them, in addition, without the presence of oxygen the surface of Pt (111) showed greater interaction with the H2O and in the presence of oxygen, the surface of Pt (100), had a preference for H2O and that of Pt (111) for O2. As an additional contribution to this thesis, after characterizing the electric double layer, the electric overpotential ηf was found, which directly affects the kinetics of the cathodic reaction and therefore the macroscopic behavior of the cell, which was corroborated with a multiscale simulation of the same. Thus, by varying the current and the water content in the cathode, the effect of the electric double layer on the Pt/O2/H2O interface was verified, and the accuracy of the model was improved for relative humidity of the cathode higher than 60%.eng
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.researchareaSimulación Computacional Multiescala Atómica, Molecular y Macroscópicaspa
dc.description.researchareaModelación, Optimización y Simulación de Procesos Fisicoquímicosspa
dc.format.extent77 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Medellínspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/79472
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Medellínspa
dc.publisher.departmentDepartamento de Procesos y Energíaspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Minasspa
dc.publisher.placeMedellínspa
dc.publisher.programMedellín - Minas - Maestría en Ingeniería - Ingeniería Químicaspa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/spa
dc.subject.ddc540 - Química y ciencias afinesspa
dc.subject.ddc660 - Ingeniería químicaspa
dc.subject.lembDinámica molecular
dc.subject.lembGeneración de energía
dc.subject.proposalCelda de combustible de hidrógenospa
dc.subject.proposalDinámica molecularspa
dc.subject.proposalReacción de reducción de oxígenospa
dc.subject.proposalDoble capa eléctricaspa
dc.subject.proposalInterfasespa
dc.subject.proposalSobrepotencialspa
dc.subject.proposalModelo multiescalaspa
dc.subject.proposalHydrogen fuel celleng
dc.subject.proposalMolecular dynamicseng
dc.subject.proposalOxygen reduction reactioneng
dc.subject.proposalElectrical double layereng
dc.subject.proposalInterfaceeng
dc.subject.proposalOverpotentialeng
dc.subject.proposalMultiscale modeleng
dc.titleSimulación molecular de la doble capa eléctrica en la interfase catódica Pt/O2/H2O para celdas de combustible de hidrógenospa
dc.title.translatedMolecular simulation of the electrical double layer at the Pt/O2/H2O cathodic interface for hydrogen fuel cellseng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa

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