Efecto de fuentes de calcio en parámetros fisiológicos y rendimiento de papa (Solanum tuberosum L., grupo Phureja) en condiciones de déficit hídrico

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dc.contributor.advisorMoreno Fonseca, Liz Patriciaspa
dc.contributor.advisorRodriguez Molano, Luis Ernestospa
dc.contributor.authorCárdenas Pira, Wendy Tatianaspa
dc.contributor.researchgroupFisiología y Estrés Abiótico en Plantasspa
dc.date.accessioned2021-01-14T20:23:55Zspa
dc.date.available2021-01-14T20:23:55Zspa
dc.date.issued2020-11-05spa
dc.descriptionilustraciones, gráficas, tablasspa
dc.description.abstractCon la variabilidad climática se espera un aumento en la ocurrencia de sequías, que disminuyen significativamente el rendimiento del cultivo de papa, por lo cual es necesario generar estrategias para mitigar los efectos del déficit hídrico. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de la aplicación de calcio (Ca) en las respuestas fisiológicas y rendimiento de Solanum tuberosum L. grupo Phureja cultivar Criolla Colombia en déficit hídrico. Se realizaron dos ensayos bajo invernadero en la Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Bogotá). En el primero, entre los 44 y 54 días después de siembra (dds), se realizaron aplicaciones de Ca de forma edáfica (E): CaCl2 (3 g planta-1), CaCl2 (4,5 g planta-1), Ca(NO3)2 (4,5 g planta-1), Ca(NO3)2 (7 g planta-1), Ca(NO3)2+B (6 g planta-1) y Ca(NO3)2+B (9 g planta-1), y foliar (F): CaCl2 (10 mM planta-1), CaCl2 (20 mM planta-1), Ca(NO3)2 (10 mMplanta-1) y Ca(NO3)2 (20 mM planta-1). 55 dds las plantas se sometieron a riego continuo (BR) y déficit hídrico durante siete días (DH). DH redujo el contenido relativo de agua (CRA, 22,1%) y el rendimiento de tubérculo (RT, 26,7%), mientras que aumentó la pérdida de electrolitos (PE, 97,3%). Se observó una rápida recuperación al estrés tras la rehidratación y mitigación con aplicaciones de CaCl2–20-F-DH, CaCl2–4,5-E-DH y Ca(NO3)2–7-E-DH, presentando menor PE (<21,2%), mayor CRA (>12,6%) y RT (>15,6%), respecto a DH. En el segundo ensayo, entre los 34 y 44 dds se realizaron aplicaciones edáficas (E) de CaO (2,4 g planta-1), CaCl2 (4,5 g planta-1) y Ca(NO3)2 (7 g planta-1), y foliares (F) de Gluconato de Ca (4,6 cm3L-1), CaCl2 (20 mM planta-1) y Ca(NO3)2 (20 mM planta-1). 45 dds se sometieron a BR y DH por diez días. DH redujo el CRA (30,4%) y la conductancia estomática (CE, 89,1%), incrementó la PE (40,3%) y disminuyó el RT (44,3%). Las plantas con CaCl2–4,5-E-DH, CaCl2–20-F-DH y Ca(NO3)2–20-F-DH presentaron rendimientos e índices de tolerancia similares a las plantas BR. CaCl2–4,5-E-DH presentó mejor respuesta en las variables evaluadas con menor PE (25,2%), mayor CRA (10,5%) y RT (30,5%), respecto a DH. Las aplicaciones de CaCl2–20- F-DH, CaCl2–4,5-E-DH, Ca(NO3)2–20-F-DH y Ca(NO3)2–7-E-DH, mitigaron los efectos del déficit hídrico en papa, lo que puede estar relacionado con las funciones del Ca en el metabolismo celular, a través de la mejora del estado hídrico foliar, la estabilidad de las membranas celulares y la conductancia estomática, aumentando así el rendimiento. (Texto tomado de la fuente).spa
dc.description.abstractChanges in weather patterns lead to an increase in drought occurrence, which reduces tuber yield in potato. Therefore, it is necessary to generate new alternatives for mitigating the water deficit effects on potato plants. The objective of this work was to assess the impact of calcium (Ca) sources applications on physiological and yield parameters under water deficit in Solanum tuberosum L. Phureja Group cultivar Criolla Colombia. Two research works were conducted in a greenhouse located in Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Bogotá). In the first test, 44 and 54 days after sowing (das), calcium was applied in edaphic (E) sources: CaCl2 (3 g plant-1), CaCl2 (4.5 g plant-1), Ca(NO3)2 (4.5 g plant-1), Ca(NO3)2 (7 g plant-1), Ca(NO3)2+B (6 g plant-1) and Ca(NO3)2+B (9 g plant-1); and foliar (F): CaCl2 (10 mM plant-1), CaCl2 (20 mM plant-1), Ca(NO3)2 (10 mM plant-1) y Ca(NO3)2 (20 mM plant-1). Fifty-five das the plants were subjected to two water regimes: Well-Watered (WW), and Water Deficit (WD), under irrigation suspension for seven days. WD reduced the relative water content (RWC, 22.1%) and tuber yield (TY, 26.7%); meanwhile, electrolyte leakage increased (EL, 97.3%). Recovery was observed in DH treatments after rewatering. Stress mitigation was reported with CaCl2–20-F-DH, CaCl2–4.5-E-DH, and Ca(NO3)2–7-E-DH applications. It presented lower EL (<21.2%), higher RWC (>12.6%), and higher TY (>15.6%), compared to WD plants. In the second test, between 34 and 44 das, calcium was applied in edaphic (E) sources: CaO (2.4 g plant-1), CaCl2 (4.5 g plant-1), and Ca(NO3)2 (7 g plant-1), and foliar (F): Ca gluconate (4.6 cm3 L-1), CaCl2 (20 mM plant-1) and Ca(NO3)2 (20 mM plant-1). Forty-five das, the plants were subjected to WW and WD for ten days. WD reduced RWC (30.4%) and stomatal conductance (gs, 89.1%); electrolyte leakage increased (40.3%), and TY decreased (55.3%), compared to plants WW. Plants with CaCl2–4.5-E-DH, CaCl2–20-F-DH, and Ca(NO3)2–20-F-DH presented TY and stress tolerance index similar to BR. CaCl2–4.5-E-DH had the best effect with lower EL (25.2%), higher RWC (10.5%), and TY (30.5%), compared to WD plants. CaCl2–20- F-DH, CaCl2–4.5-E-DH, Ca(NO3)2–20-F-DH and Ca(NO3)2–7-E-DH, mitigated the effects of water deficit in potato. These responses can be related to the Ca effect on cellular metabolism, which increased yield, as it improves leaf water status, membrane integrity, and stomatal conductance.eng
dc.description.curricularareaCiencias Agronómicasspa
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Ciencias Agrariasspa
dc.format.extentxix, 99 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/78743
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotáspa
dc.publisher.departmentEscuela de posgradosspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ciencias Agrariasspa
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Ciencias Agrarias - Maestría en Ciencias Agrariasspa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/spa
dc.subject.agrovocEstrés de sequiaspa
dc.subject.agrovocdrought stresseng
dc.subject.agrovocRendimiento de cultivosspa
dc.subject.agrovoccrop yieldeng
dc.subject.agrovocCalciospa
dc.subject.agrovoccalciumeng
dc.subject.agrovocPapaspa
dc.subject.agrovocpotatoeseng
dc.subject.ddc630 - Agricultura y tecnologías relacionadas::633 - Cultivos de campo y de plantaciónspa
dc.subject.proposalInicio de tuberizaciónspa
dc.subject.proposalTuber initiationeng
dc.subject.proposalEstado hídrico foliarspa
dc.subject.proposalLeaf water statuseng
dc.subject.proposalElectrolyte leakageeng
dc.subject.proposalPérdida de electrolitosspa
dc.subject.proposalConductancia estomáticaspa
dc.subject.proposalStomatal conductanceeng
dc.subject.proposalTuber yieldeng
dc.subject.proposalRendimiento en tubérculospa
dc.subject.proposalTolerancia al estrésspa
dc.subject.proposalStress toleranceeng
dc.titleEfecto de fuentes de calcio en parámetros fisiológicos y rendimiento de papa (Solanum tuberosum L., grupo Phureja) en condiciones de déficit hídricospa
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TMspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEstudiantesspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadoresspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentPúblico generalspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa

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