Desarrollo de un proceso de producción-separación de galactooligosacáridos mediante un sistema acuoso de dos fases asistido por microondas

dc.contributor.advisorSerrato Bermúdez, Juan Carlos
dc.contributor.authorCastro Moreno, Germán Andrés
dc.contributor.researchgroupGrupo de Investigación en Procesos Químicos y Bioquímicosspa
dc.date.accessioned2021-06-25T21:41:59Z
dc.date.available2021-06-25T21:41:59Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.descriptionilustraciones, tablasspa
dc.description.abstractLos GOS (Galactooligosacáridos) son carbohidratos con una molécula de glucosa unida a 2-5 moléculas de galactosa. Los GOS son prebióticos y se obtienen industrialmente mediante reacciones enzimáticas. Los GOS son producidos a partir de lactosa, ya sea en estado puro o haciendo parte del suero de quesería, el cual debe presentar un contenido de lactosa superior al 70% (m/m). La reacción de hidrólisis rompe la lactosa en glucosa y galactosa, que reacciona para formar GOS, a través de la reacción de transgalactosilación, estas dos reacciones suceden simultáneamente, ya que una se nutre de la otra. La presencia de estos monosacáridos inhibe la última reacción y disminuye la producción de GOS. Los sistemas acuosos de dos fases (SADF) pueden usarse para separar una mezcla de sustancias de acuerdo con su afinidad preferencial por una de las dos fases en este sistema. Estos sistemas están formados por dos polímeros o una sal y un polímero disueltos en agua en una concentración específica para producir la separación de fases. Hay muchos factores que afectan esta operación, como el pH, la temperatura, el polímero, la concentración de sales y sustancias, el peso molecular del polímero y la relación polímero / sal. El SADF puede usarse para separar los monosacáridos inhibidores de la mezcla de GOS. La irradiación de microondas ha mostrado un efecto positivo en la separación por SADF y se ha utilizado para mejorar la reacción de producción de GOS a partir de lactosa. El SADF se utilizó en este trabajo para producir y separar GOS simultáneamente. El medio de reacción estaba formado por lactosa a diferentes concentraciones, polietilenglicol (PEG) y citrato de sodio para formar el SADF, pH de 4.5 a 5.5, las temperaturas probadas estuvieron entre 40 y 60 ° C. Se evaluó el efecto de la irradiación de microondas sobre la reacción, la separación por SADF y la reacción - separación simultáneas. Se establecieron todas las condiciones del SADF que produjeron resultados optimizados, que se expresaron como coeficiente de partición, rendimiento de separación, selectividad para GOS y rendimiento de reacción. La selectividad para GOS aumentó más del 40%, en relación con el medio convencional (buffer + lactosa), el rendimiento de la reacción no cambió estadísticamente. La separación de la mezcla de carbohidratos fue de acuerdo con su peso molecular, las sustancias más pesadas (GOS) se mantuvieron principalmente en la fase inferior (citrato de sodio), mientras que los monosacáridos migraron en mayor medida a la fase superior (PEG). Los resultados optimizados de reacción, separación y separación simultánea de reacción se probaron en irradiación de microondas. El rendimiento, la producción, la selectividad y la productividad disminuyeron con la acción de microondas. (Texto tomado de la fuente).spa
dc.description.abstractGOS are carbohydrates with a glucose molecule linked to 2-5 molecules of galactose. GOS are prebiotics and are industrially obtained by enzymatic reactions. GOS are produced from lactose, it might be pure or as part of cheese whey with a lactose content higher than 70%. Hydrolysis reaction breaks lactose into glucose and galactose, which reacts to form GOS, through transgalactosylation reaction; those reactions occur simultaneously because each one depends of the other. Monosaccharides inhibit transgalactosylation reaction and decrease the GOS production. Aqueous two phase system (ATPS) could be used to separate a mixture of substances according to its preferential affinity to one of the two phases in this system, it is formed by two polymers or a salt and a polymer dissolved in water upon a specific concentration to produce phase separation. There are many factors affecting this operation like pH, temperature, polymer, salt and substances concentration, molecular weight of polymer and polymer / salt ratio, ATPS could be used to separate inhibitor monosaccharides, from GOS mixture. Microwave irradiation has shown a positive effect on ATPS separation and has been used to improve GOS production reaction from lactose. ATPS was used in this work to produce and separate galactooligosaccharides simultaneously. Reaction medium was formed by lactose at different concentrations, polyethyleneglycol (PEG) and sodium citrate to form ATPS, pH of 4.5 – 5.5, temperatures tested were between 40 - 60°C. Was evaluated the effect of microwave irradiation on reaction, ATPS separation and simultaneous reactions-separation conditions. Were stablished all conditions in ATPS that produced optimized results, which were expressed as partition coefficient, separation yield, selectivity to GOS and reaction yield. Selectivity to GOS raise up more than 40%, relative to conventional medium, reaction yield did not change statistically. Separation of carbohydrates mixture is according to its molecular weight, heaviest substances (GOS) kept mainly in the bottom phase (sodium citrate), while monosaccharides kept in top phase (PEG) mainly. Optimized results of reaction, separation and simultaneous reaction-separation were tested into microwave irradiation. Yield, production, selectivity and productivity were increased with microwave action. (Texto tomado de la fuente).eng
dc.description.degreelevelDoctoradospa
dc.description.degreenameDoctor en Ingeniería - Ingeniería Químicaspa
dc.description.researchareaBioprocesosspa
dc.format.extent168 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/79731
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotáspa
dc.publisher.departmentDepartamento de Ingeniería Química y Ambientalspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ingenieríaspa
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Ingeniería - Doctorado en Ingeniería - Ingeniería Químicaspa
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dc.rightsDerechos Reservados al Autor, 2020spa
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/spa
dc.subject.ddc660 - Ingeniería químicaspa
dc.subject.lembComposición de los alimentos
dc.subject.lembHidratos de carbono
dc.subject.proposalGalactooligosacáridosspa
dc.subject.proposalProceso intensificadospa
dc.subject.proposalSistema acuoso de dos fasesspa
dc.subject.proposalProceso asistido por microondasspa
dc.subject.proposalGalactooligosaccharideseng
dc.subject.proposalIntensified processeng
dc.subject.proposalAqueous two-phase systemeng
dc.subject.proposalMicrowave-assisted processeng
dc.titleDesarrollo de un proceso de producción-separación de galactooligosacáridos mediante un sistema acuoso de dos fases asistido por microondasspa
dc.title.translatedDevelopment of a process production-separation of galactooligosaccharides by a two-phase aqueous system microwave assistedeng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Doctoradospa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06spa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TDspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
dcterms.audienceGeneralspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa

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Tesis de Doctorado en Ingeniería - Ingeniería Química

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