Desacidificación de aceites vegetales usados mediante el método de extracción con solventes

dc.contributor.advisorOrjuela Londoño, Álvarospa
dc.contributor.advisorNarváez Rincón, Paulo Césarspa
dc.contributor.authorCárdenas Ramírez, Julianaspa
dc.contributor.researchgroupGrupo de Investigación de Procesos Químicos y Bioquímicosspa
dc.date.accessioned2022-07-06T19:07:43Z
dc.date.available2022-07-06T19:07:43Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.descriptionilustraciones, fotografías, gráficas, tablasspa
dc.description.abstractLa presente investigación evalúa la factibilidad técnica de la extracción con solventes de los ácidos grasos libres presentes en los aceites vegetales usados. La primera parte de la investigación fue realizada por medio de un proceso de extracción en sistemas de tanque agitado operados por lotes, en el cual se seleccionó etanol como el mejor solvente para el proceso y las mejores condiciones de temperatura (60 ºC), relación másica aceite:solvente (1:2) y contenido de agua (4%) en el solvente. A estas condiciones la remoción fue del 77% de acidez, 37% de color, 53% de polares, y las pérdidas de aceite en el solvente fueron menores al 0.8%. Por otra parte, se encontró que propiedades como el índice de peróxido, índice de yodo, índice de saponificación, índice anisidina y la distribución de ácidos grasos no son afectadas por el proceso de extracción. Posteriormente, la extracción fue realizada en un contactor de película líquida descendente, el cual permitió la operación en continuo y los mejores resultados fueron obtenidos con una relación másica de aceite:etanol de 1:2, flujo de aceite 0.74 kg/h y una longitud de empaque de 1.07 m. Se alcanzó una efectividad de remoción de impurezas de 51% de acidez, 17% de color, 6.7% de polares. (Texto tomado de la fuente).spa
dc.description.abstractThis research evaluates the technical feasibility of solvent extraction of free fatty acids present in used vegetable oils. The first part of the research was carried out through a batch extraction process, in which ethanol is selected as the best solvent for the process and the best conditions: temperature (60 ºC), oil:solvent mass ratio (1: 2 ) and water content (4%) in the solvent. These allowed to achieve a removal of 77% acidity, 37% color, 53% polar and oil losses in the solvent less than 0.8%. On the other hand, it was found that properties such as peroxide value, iodine value, saponification value, anisidine value and fatty acid distribution were not affected by the extraction process. Subsequently, the extraction was carried out in a liquid film contactor, which allowed continuous operation and the best results were obtained with an oil:ethanol mass ratio of 1:2, an oil flow of 0.74 kg/h and a length of packaging of 1.07 m, achieved an impurity removal effectiveness of 51% acidity, 17% color, 6.7% polar.eng
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Ingeniería - Ingeniería Químicaspa
dc.description.researchareaBiorrefinerías – Biocombustiblesspa
dc.format.extentxvii, 149 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/81683
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotáspa
dc.publisher.departmentDepartamento de Ingeniería Química y Ambientalspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ingenieríaspa
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Ingeniería - Maestría en Ingeniería - Ingeniería Químicaspa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseReconocimiento 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/spa
dc.subject.agrovocDesacidificaciónspa
dc.subject.agrovocdeacidificationeng
dc.subject.ddc660 - Ingeniería química::665 - Tecnología de aceites, grasas, ceras, gases industrialesspa
dc.subject.lembVegetable oilseng
dc.subject.lembAceites vegetalesspa
dc.subject.lembOil reclamationeng
dc.subject.lembRecuperación de aceites usadosspa
dc.subject.proposalAceite vegetal usadospa
dc.subject.proposalPretratamientospa
dc.subject.proposalExtracción con solventespa
dc.subject.proposalDesacidificaciónspa
dc.subject.proposalContactor de película líquida descendentespa
dc.subject.proposalUsed vegetable oileng
dc.subject.proposalPre-treatmenteng
dc.subject.proposalSolvent extractioneng
dc.subject.proposalDeacidificationeng
dc.subject.proposalLiquid film contactoreng
dc.titleDesacidificación de aceites vegetales usados mediante el método de extracción con solventesspa
dc.title.translatedDeacidification of used vegetable oils by extraction method with solventseng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TMspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEstudiantesspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadoresspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentMaestrosspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentMedios de comunicaciónspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentPúblico generalspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa
oaire.awardtitleValorization of urban used cooking oils by transformation into value added chemicals. Study casespa
oaire.fundernameRoyal Academy of Engineering - grant IAPP18-19\65; Newton Fund, Institutional Links grants - Project 526061819spa
oaire.fundernameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa

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