Caracterización fisiológica, bioquímica y anatómica de especies de árboles nodriza formadores de islas de recursos en La Guajira, Colombia

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dc.contributor.advisorÁlvarez Flórez, Fagua Virginia
dc.contributor.advisorMelgarejo Muñoz, Luz Marina
dc.contributor.authorToro Tobón, Gabriela
dc.contributor.financerMinisterio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación
dc.contributor.researchgroupFisiología del estrés y biodiversidad en plantas y microorganismosspa
dc.coverage.countryColombia
dc.date.accessioned2022-09-12T16:29:58Z
dc.date.available2022-09-12T16:29:58Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.descriptionilustraciones, fotografías, graficas, tablasspa
dc.description.abstractLos ambientes semiáridos caracterizados por poseer bajas precipitaciones, están sujetos a procesos de desertificación del suelo. Estos ambientes poseen paisajes heterogéneos con parches de vegetación, conocidos como islas de recursos, que son generadas por especies nodriza que retrasan los procesos de desertificación, pues aumentan la disponibilidad de agua y de nutrientes en el suelo. El presente proyecto tuvo como objetivo caracterizar algunas estrategias fisiológicas, bioquímicas y anatómicas de tres especies de árboles nodriza formadores de islas de recursos en un ambiente semiárido de la Guajira. Las especies de árboles trabajadas fueron Haematoxylum brasiletto, Pithecellobium dulce y Pereskia guamacho. Se evaluaron rasgos fisiológicos foliares (Área, área foliar específica, conductancia estomática contenido foliar de masa seca, contenido hídrico relativo, contenido hídrico, déficit por saturación hídrica, densidad estomática, espesor foliar, pH), y se realizó el análisis de los parámetros de la emisión de la fluorescencia de la clorofila a, donde se tuvieron en cuenta los flujos de energía específicos (ABS/RC, Dio/RC, Tro/RC, Eto/RC, REo/RC) y fenomenológicos (ABS/Cso, Dio/Cso, Tro/Cso, Eto/Cso, REo/Cso), las eficiencias cuánticas (ΦPo, ΦEo, Ψo), el índice de desempeño (PIABS) y la curva OJIP. A partir de esto, se evidenciaron las estrategias esclerófilas con alto desempeño fotoquímico de las especies H. brasiletto y P. dulce. Contrario a esto, P. guamacho posee hojas suculentas que disipan el exceso de energía lumínica en forma de calor. En la caracterización bioquímica, H. brasiletto y P. dulce presentaron los mayores contenidos de pigmentos fotosintéticos (Chl a, Chl b, Chl total y Carotenoides) y de nitrógeno foliar, mientras que P. guamacho obtuvo el mayor contenido de proteína, y fue H. brasiletto la especie con mayor contenido de prolina en las hojas. En la caracterización anatómica foliar, se observó una hoja compacta con un mesófilo dorsiventral similar en las especies H. brasiletto y P. dulce, y una hoja equifacial suculenta en P. guamacho. Este estudio proporciona una base de información integrada para la compresión de las estrategias fisiológicas, bioquímicas y anatómicas que poseen especies de árboles nodriza formadores de islas de recursos en la Guajira, Colombia. (Texto tomado de la fuente)spa
dc.description.abstractSemi-arid environments characterized by low rainfall are subject to soil desertification processes. These environments have heterogeneous landscapes with patches of vegetation, known as resource islands, which are generated by nurse species that delay desertification processes, as they increase the availability of water and nutrients in the soil. The present project aimed to characterize some physiological, biochemical, and anatomical strategies of three species of nurse trees that form resource islands in a semi-arid environment of La Guajira. The tree species studied were Haematoxylum brasiletto, Pithecellobium dulce, and Pereskia guamacho. Foliar physiological traits were evaluated (Area, specific leaf area, stomatal conductance, leaf dry mass content, relative water content, water content, water saturation deficit, stomatal density, leaf thickness, pH), and the analysis of the parameters of the emission of the fluorescence of chlorophyll a was carried out, taking into account the specific energy flows (ABS / RC, Dio / RC, Tro / RC, Eto / RC, REo / RC) and phenomenological ones (ABS / Cso, Dio / Cso, Tro / Cso, Eto / Cso, REo / Cso), the quantum efficiencies (ΦPo, ΦEo, Ψo), the performance index (PIABS) and the OJIP curve. From this, the sclerophyllous strategies with a high photochemical performance of the H. brasiletto and P. dulce species were evidenced. Contrary to this, P. guamacho has succulent leaves that dissipate excess light energy in the form of heat. In the biochemical characterization, H. brasiletto and P. dulce had the highest content of photosynthetic pigments (Chl a, Chl b, total Chl, and Carotenoids) and foliar nitrogen, while P. guamacho obtained the highest protein content, and was H. brasiletto the species with the highest proline content in the leaves. In the foliar anatomical characterization, a compact leaf with a similar dorsiventral mesophyll was observed in H. brasiletto and P. dulce species, and a succulent equifacial leaf in P. guamacho. This study provides an integrated information base for understanding the physiological, biochemical, and anatomical strategies of nurse tree species forming resource islands in La Guajira, Colombia.eng
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Ciencias - Biologíaspa
dc.description.researchareaFisiología vegetalspa
dc.description.sponsorshipLa presente tesis de maestría se desarrolló en el marco del Proyecto de MinCiencias - UNAL: Caracterización de microbiota y rasgos funcionales de flora asociada a islas de recursos en un ambiente semiárido de la alta Guajira y su relación con la materia orgánica y la calidad del suelo. Contrato N°80740-244-2019 del día 27 de marzo del 2019.spa
dc.format.extentxvi, 85 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/82280
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotáspa
dc.publisher.departmentDepartamento de Biologíaspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Cienciasspa
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Ciencias - Maestría en Ciencias - Biologíaspa
dc.relation.indexedRedColspa
dc.relation.indexedLaReferenciaspa
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dc.relation.referencesXavier, L. D. P., & Arruda, E. C. P. D. (2021). Leaf anatomy of Senna cana (Fabaceae) in a seasonally dry tropical forest. Revista Caatinga, 34, 155-165.spa
dc.relation.referencesYang, L., Ren, H., Liu, N., & Wang, J. (2013). Can perennial dominant grass Miscanthus sinensis be nurse plant in recovery of degraded hilly land landscape in South China? Landscape and ecological engineering, 9(2), 213-225.spa
dc.relation.referencesYeats, T. H., & Rose, J. K. (2013). The formation and function of plant cuticles. Plant physiology, 163(1), 5-20.spa
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dc.relation.referencesZhang, Y., & Liu, G. J. (2018). Effects of cesium accumulation on chlorophyll content and fluorescence of Brassica juncea L. Journal of environmental radioactivity, 195, 26-32.spa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/spa
dc.subject.ddc570 - Biologíaspa
dc.subject.lembÁrboles - fisiologíaspa
dc.subject.lembTrees - physiologyeng
dc.subject.lembÁrboles - análisisspa
dc.subject.lembTrees - analysiseng
dc.subject.proposalPigmentosspa
dc.subject.proposalÁrboles nodrizaspa
dc.subject.proposalFluorescencia de la clorofila aspa
dc.subject.proposalRasgos fisiológicos foliaresspa
dc.subject.proposalAnatomía foliarspa
dc.subject.proposalOsmolitosspa
dc.subject.proposalFoliar physiological traitseng
dc.subject.proposalChlorophyll a fluorescenceeng
dc.subject.proposalPigmentseng
dc.subject.proposalOsmolyteseng
dc.subject.proposalFoliar anatomyeng
dc.titleCaracterización fisiológica, bioquímica y anatómica de especies de árboles nodriza formadores de islas de recursos en La Guajira, Colombiaspa
dc.title.translatedPhysiological, biochemical and anatomical characterization of nurse tree species that form resource islands in La Guajira, Colombiaeng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TMspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadoresspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa
oaire.awardtitleCaracterización de microbiota y rasgos funcionales de flora asociada a islas de recursos en un ambiente semiárido de la alta Guajira y su relación con la materia orgánica y la calidad del suelo.spa
oaire.fundernameMinisterio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovaciónspa

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