Evaluación morfológica y fisiológica de palmas de aceite (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) afectadas por el disturbio “plumero”

dc.contributor.advisorCayón Salinas, Daniel Gerardospa
dc.contributor.advisorOchoa Cadavid, Iván Erickspa
dc.contributor.authorEspaña Guechá, Martha Sofíaspa
dc.date.accessioned2020-03-05T17:10:34Zspa
dc.date.available2020-03-05T17:10:34Zspa
dc.date.issued2019-10-22spa
dc.descriptionilustraciones, fotografías, gráficas, tablasspa
dc.description.abstractDesde el año 2010 se presenta un disturbio en palma de aceite (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) caracterizado por anormalidad en desarrollo del área foliar, clorosis, rayado clorótico longitudinal paralelo a la nervadura central que afecta a palmas de aceite en periodo reproductivo, llamado disturbio plumero (DP). Es de interés evaluar cambios a nivel morfológico y fisiológicos de la planta con el objetivo de conocer de manera preliminar esta afectación, por lo que el presente trabajo evalúa variables como contenido de nutrientes en tejido foliar, área foliar, área foliar específica, contenidos de clorofilas, masa seca de raíces y estructuras reproductivas en palmas sanas y afectadas por DP. Los datos se tomaron entre los años 2013 y 2015 en una plantación en la Costa Norte de Colombia. El análisis estadístico se realizó mediante modelamiento de datos, técnicas como riesgo relativo, pruebas de comparación de medias y análisis descriptivo. Obteniéndose como resultado que las palmas afectadas por DP presentan a nivel foliar bajos contenidos de S, Mo, Se y B; y alto contenido de Fe, reducen su área foliar antes de que sea evidente a nivel visual, además las hojas se vuelven más gruesas, se presenta menor contenido de clorofilas. Así mismo se presenta un aumento de la masa seca de raíces terciarias y cuaternarias en los grados iniciales, respuestas morfofisiológicas muy relacionadas con deficiencia de S. No se observó cambios en la actividad de fructificación en palmas sanas y afectadas por DP. (Texto tomado de la fuente).spa
dc.description.abstractThere has been an oil palm condition (Elaeis guineensis Jacq), evident since 2010 called plumero condition that is characterized by abnormal development of the leaf, chlorosis, longitudinal chlorotic scratches parallel to the central rib affecting oil palms in their reproductive period. It is of great interest to evaluate changes at the morphological and physiological conditions of the plants with this condition in order to understand it in a preliminary way. The present research evaluates variables such as nutrient content in leaf tissue, leaf area, specific leaf area, chlorophyll contents, dry mass of roots and reproductive structures in healthy palms affected by plumero condition. Data were taken between 2013 and 2015 in a plantation on the north (Caribbean) coast of Colombia. Statistical analyses were performed using modeling, techniques such as relative risk, means comparison tests and descriptive analyses. Results showed palm trees affected by plumero condition have low levels of S, Mo, Se and B at the leaf level and high Fe content, and a reduction in leaf area before the condition is visually evident. The leaves became thicker, and there is less chlorophyll content. Likewise, there is an increase in the dry mass of tertiary and quaternary roots in the initial grades, while there are morphophysiological responses closely related to S deficiency. No changes in fruiting activity were observed in healthy palms affected by plumero condition.eng
dc.description.curricularareaCiencias Agronómicasspa
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Ciencias Agrariasspa
dc.description.researchareaCultivos perennes industrialesspa
dc.format.extentxvii, 68 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/75882
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotáspa
dc.publisher.departmentEscuela de posgradosspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ciencias Agrariasspa
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Ciencias Agrarias - Maestría en Ciencias Agrariasspa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/spa
dc.subject.agrovocFisiología vegetalspa
dc.subject.agrovocplant physiologyeng
dc.subject.agrovocEnfermedades foliaresspa
dc.subject.agrovocfoliar diseaseseng
dc.subject.agrovocElaeis guineensisspa
dc.subject.agrovocElaeis guineensiseng
dc.subject.ddc630 - Agricultura y tecnologías relacionadas::632 - Lesiones, enfermedades, plagas vegetalesspa
dc.subject.proposalNutrient contenteng
dc.subject.proposalContenido de nutrientesspa
dc.subject.proposalMasa seca de raícesspa
dc.subject.proposalRoot dry masseng
dc.subject.proposalLeaf areaeng
dc.subject.proposalClorofilasspa
dc.subject.proposalSpecific leaf areaeng
dc.subject.proposalÁrea foliarspa
dc.subject.proposalÁrea foliar específicaspa
dc.subject.proposalPhysiopathyeng
dc.subject.proposalFisiopatíaspa
dc.subject.proposalFruiting activityeng
dc.subject.proposalActividad de fructificaciónspa
dc.titleEvaluación morfológica y fisiológica de palmas de aceite (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) afectadas por el disturbio “plumero”spa
dc.title.alternativeMorphological and physiological evaluation of oil palms (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) affected by the “plumero” conditionspa
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TMspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadoresspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEstudiantesspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentPúblico generalspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa

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Evaluación morfológica y fisiológica de palmas de aceite (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) afectadas por el disturbio “plumero”.pdf
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Tesis de Maestría en Ciencias Agrarias

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