Producción y propiedades físicas de nuevas perovskitas complejas del tipo RAMOX (R=La, Nd, Sm, Eu; A=Sr, Bi; M= Ti, Mn, Fe)

dc.contributor.advisorRoa Rojas, Jairo
dc.contributor.authorCuervo Farfán, Javier Alonso
dc.contributor.refereeRincón Joya, Miryam
dc.contributor.refereeOlaya Flórez, Jhon Jairo
dc.contributor.refereeStrazzabosco Dorneles, Lucio
dc.contributor.refereeParra Vargas, Carlos Arturo
dc.contributor.researchgroupGrupo de Física de Nuevos Materialesspa
dc.date.accessioned2021-08-11T15:58:35Z
dc.date.available2021-08-11T15:58:35Z
dc.date.issued2021-07-30
dc.descriptionDocumento de texto científico con imágenes a color relacionadas con los diferentes equipos de medición, teoría estudiada y fenomenología encontrada en las caracterizaciones de diferentes propiedades físicas.spa
dc.descriptionilustraciones, gráficas, tablasspa
dc.description.abstractLas estructuras cristalinas de las nuevas perovskitas complejas que componen la familia RAMOx (R = La, Nd, Sm, Eu; A = Sr, Bi; M = Ti, Mn, Fe), difirieren en sus propiedades debido a que los elementos que las conforman, al ser acoplados, crean enlaces que a pesar de cristalizar en el mismo grupo espacial Pnma o Pbnm (# 62) presentan ligeros cambios originados por las características magnéticas, eléctricas, de radio iónico y por el enlace iónico o covalente de los diferentes elementos químicos que las componen. Además, se observan pequeñas diferencias en las posiciones atómicas y parámetros reticulares en la estructura con fase mayoritaria encontrada (98% de pureza), lo que conduce a la vez a diferencias dadas por distorsiones o inclinación de sus octaedros B-O6, que al haber sido expuestas a diferentes mecanismos mecánicos, eléctricos, magnéticos o térmicos, dan origen a propiedades características de cada una de las siete fórmulas estequiométricas sintetizadas y posteriormente analizadas en este documento. Las muestras policristalinas se produjeron por medio del método de síntesis de reacción de estado sólido. Durante los diferentes procesos térmicos aplicados se obtuvo la evolución cristalina con desaparición de las reflexiones propias de los óxidos precursores a partir de los cuales fueron sintetizadas las muestras hasta la obtención de la fase cristalográfica final. El refinamiento Rietveld, mediante el uso del software GSAS, permitió obtener la estructura en que cristalizó cada compuesto y sus parámetros tanto cristalográficos como de confianza. El estudio microestructural, a través de imágenes que se obtuvieron por medio del SEM, mostró un buen grado de compactación de los granos, resultado cotejado con medidas de densidad aparente que permitieron confirmar porosidades inferiores al 20%. En algunas muestras se observó la coexistencia de amplias diferencias de tamaño de grano que ocasionaron variaciones en las respuestas ante la aplicación de campos eléctricos y magnéticos. El sistema de espectrometría de dispersión de energía de rayos X (EDS) acoplado al SEM, facilitó el establecimiento de la composición efectiva de las muestras de acuerdo con el porcentaje estequiométrico de cada elemento químico en cada material. Las medidas del parámetro magnético dependiente de la temperatura y de magnetización en función del campo aplicado, revelaron comportamientos paramagnéticos, ferromagnéticos y ferrimagnéticos en varias composiciones. Las técnicas de caracterización eléctrica de corriente-voltaje (I-V) y de resistividad en un rango amplio de temperatura (desde 60 K hasta 400 K, aproximadamente) pusieron en evidencia comportamientos de tipo semiconductor (alta resistividad a temperatura ambiente), semiconductor-termistor (baja resistividad a temperatura ambiente), mecanismos de transporte eléctrico donde intervienen polarones, tipo Mott (VRH) y tipo Efros-Shklovskii (ES) y que suministraron el cálculo de la energía de activación de cada mecanismo en algunas muestras. Medidas de permitividad en función de la temperatura con frecuencias constantes corroboraron los resultados de transporte eléctrico y mostraron relajaciones tipo Debye y Maxwell-Wagner en las muestras con más alta resistividad, con las cuales también a partir de curvas de Arrhenius se obtuvieron las energías de activación y se pudo deducir la probabilidad de transiciones de carácter eléctrico o magnético. Estos materiales tipo perovskita exhibieron una amplia gama de resistividades, correlacionadas con el gap de energía óptico obtenido en algunas muestras. La coexistencia de parámetros magnéticos y eléctricos a temperaturas similares sugirieron la existencia de acoplamientos magneto-eléctricos (algunos corroborados con cálculos de polarización a través de medidas de corriente piroeléctrica), así como la coexistencia de comportamientos semiconductores y ferromagnéticos a temperatura ambiente que potencializan eventuales aplicaciones propias de tecnologías inmersas en la industria de la espintrónica, de grabación de información, de sensores magnéticos y de temperatura, entre otras. (Texto tomado de la fuente)spa
dc.description.abstractThe crystalline structure of the new complex perovskites of the RAMOx (R = La, Nd, Sm, Eu; A = Sr, Bi; M = Ti, Mn, Fe) family and their subfamilies differ in their properties due to the fact that the elements that make them up when coupled create bonds that despite crystallizing in the same space group Pnma or Pbnm (# 62), show slight changes caused by the magnetic, electrical, ionic radio characteristics and by the ionic or covalent coupling of the different chemical elements that compose them, in addition to small differences in the atomic positions and reticular parameters in the structure with the majority phase found (98% purity), which at the same time leads to differences due to distortions or inclination of their B-O6 octahedra, which, having been exposed to different mechanical, electrical, magnetic or thermal stimuli, give rise to characteristic properties of each of the seven stoichiometric formulas synthesized and subsequently analyzed in this document. Polycrystalline samples were produced by the solid-state reaction synthesis method. During the different sintering stages, the crystalline evolution was obtained with the disappearance of the reflections of the precursor oxides from which the samples were synthesized. The Rietveld refinement with the use of GSAS software allowed to obtain the structure in which each compound crystallized and its crystallographic and reliability factors. The microstructural study through images obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed a good degree of compaction of the grains, a result compared with apparent density measurements that allowed to confirm porosities lower than 20%. In some samples the coexistence of wide differences in grain size that caused variations in the responses to electrical and magnetic stimuli was observed. The X-ray energy dispersion spectrometry (EDS) system coupled to the SEM, facilitated the establishment of the effective composition of the samples according to the stoichiometric percentage of each chemical element in each material. Measurements of the temperature-dependent magnetic parameter and of magnetization as a function of the applied field, revealed paramagnetic, ferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic behaviors in various compositions. The electrical characterization techniques of current-voltage (I-V) and resistivity in a wide range of temperature (from 60 K to 400 K, approximately) showed behaviors of the semiconductor type (high resistivity at room temperature), semiconductor-thermistor (low resistivity at room temperature), electrical transport mechanisms involving polarons, Mott type (VRH) and Efros-Shklovskii type (ES) and that provided the calculation of the activation energy of each mechanism in some samples. Measurements of permittivity as a function of temperature with constant frequencies corroborated the electrical transport results and showed Debye and Maxwell-Wagner type relaxations in the samples with the highest resistivity, with which the activation energies were also obtained from Arrhenius curves and the probability of transitions of an electrical or magnetic nature could be deduced. These perovskite-type materials exhibited a wide range of resistivities, correlated with the optical energy gap obtained in some samples. The coexistence of magnetic and electrical parameters at similar temperatures suggested the existence of magneto-electrical couplings (some corroborated with polarization calculations through measurements of pyroelectric current), as well as the coexistence of semiconductor and ferromagnetic behaviors at room temperature. All this allows to visualize possible applications in technologies immersed in the spintronics industry, information recording, magnetic and temperature sensors, among others. (Text taken from source)eng
dc.description.degreelevelDoctoradospa
dc.description.degreenameDoctorado en Ingeniería - Ciencia y Tecnología de Materialesspa
dc.description.methodsSe usó el método científico en el que se hizo observación sistemática durante la síntesis y caracterización de los materiales cerámicos tipo Perovskita; medición estructural por medio de DRX, morfológica y composicional por medio de MEB y EDS y de algunas características eléctricas, ópticas y magnéticas. Se experimentó durante las diferentes etapas y se formularon diferentes metodologías y rutas que llevaron a contante análisis de las propiedades encontradas, lo que también conllevó a modificar en algunos momentos aspectos de la hipótesis inicial planteada.​spa
dc.description.notesEn el estudio de los materiales cerámicos tipo Perovskita analizados en el documento se encontraron propiedades de semiconductividad magnética, sensores de temperatura , grabación de información y Multifuncionalidad. Útil para ser aplicados en nuevas tecnologías.spa
dc.description.researchareaCiencia y Tecnología de Materiales Cerámicos y Compuestosspa
dc.description.sponsorshipMINCIENCIAS, por medio de la convocatoria del Departamento Administrativo de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (Convocatoria Becas Nacionales 617-Colciencias)spa
dc.description.technicalinfoPara las mediciones eléctricas se usó un equipo diseñado por el autor que contiene: cableado coaxial blindado y celda con cableado interno blindada con aluminio para evitar señales parásitas durante la medición, celda criogénica acoplada con adhesivo de Plata (Ag) entre el dedo frio y la lámina de soporte de la muestra en medición, que permite conductividad térmica.spa
dc.format.extent209 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/79915
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotáspa
dc.publisher.departmentDepartamento de Ingeniería Mecánica y Mecatrónicaspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ingenieríaspa
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Ingeniería - Doctorado en Ingeniería - Ciencia y Tecnología de Materialesspa
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dc.rightsDerechos reservados al autor, 2021spa
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/spa
dc.subject.ddc530 - Físicaspa
dc.subject.proposalPerovskitaspa
dc.subject.proposalFerromagnetismospa
dc.subject.proposalFerrimagnetismospa
dc.subject.proposalAcoplamiento magnetoeléctricospa
dc.subject.proposalImpedancia complejaspa
dc.subject.proposalPiroelectricidadspa
dc.subject.proposalSemiconductor magnéticospa
dc.subject.proposalPerovskiteeng
dc.subject.proposalFerromagnetismeng
dc.subject.proposalFerrimagnetismeng
dc.subject.proposalMagneto-electric couplingeng
dc.subject.proposalComplex impedanceeng
dc.subject.proposalPyroelectricityeng
dc.subject.proposalMagnetic semiconductoreng
dc.subject.unescoSemiconductor
dc.subject.unescoSemiconductors
dc.subject.unescoMagnetismo
dc.subject.unescoMagnetism
dc.titleProducción y propiedades físicas de nuevas perovskitas complejas del tipo RAMOX (R=La, Nd, Sm, Eu; A=Sr, Bi; M= Ti, Mn, Fe)spa
dc.title.translatedProduction and physical properties of new complex perovskites of the RAMOX type (R = La, Nd, Sm, Eu; A = Sr, Bi; M = Ti, Mn, Fe)eng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Doctoradospa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TMspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
dcterms.audienceEspecialiizadaspa
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