Diseño y construcción de una batería ion-aluminio con capacidad de carga rápida

dc.contributor.advisorSánchez Sáenz, Carlos Ignaciospa
dc.contributor.authorOrtiz Gonzalez, Jessica Danielaspa
dc.contributor.corporatenameUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Medellínspa
dc.contributor.researchgroupGrupo de Ingenieria Electroquímica - GRIEQUIspa
dc.date.accessioned2020-09-11T19:41:32Zspa
dc.date.available2020-09-11T19:41:32Zspa
dc.date.issued2020-09-10spa
dc.description.abstractEn la búsqueda de materiales para reemplazar el litio en los sistemas de almacenamiento de energía se ha encontrado que el aluminio presenta ventajas potenciales como baja inflamabilidad, bajo costo y 3 electrones en la reacción que le dan alta capacidad de carga teórica. Hasta el momento gran parte de los estudios se enfocan en dispositivos con ánodo de aluminio, cátodo derivado del carbón y electrolito de líquido iónico ácido que han logrado altas velocidades de carga y estabilidad a largo plazo; sin embargo, presentan problemas asociados a la corrosividad, sensibilidad al ambiente y alto costo del electrolito. Con este trabajo se construyó una batería ion-aluminio con electrodos de aluminio y grafeno comerciales y electrolito tipo gel polimérico plastificado con líquidos iónicos ácidos para reducir la sensibilidad al ambiente, corrosividad y costo, así como proporcionar la posibilidad de dispositivos con múltiples geometrías y carga rápida al reducir la distancia entre electrodos. La membrana de electrolito tipo gel polimérico se sintetizó mediante el Solvent-casting de una solución de polimetilmetacrilato funcionalizado con tricloruro de aluminio y plastificado con un líquido iónico de cloroaluminato. Con base en un diseño experimental se optimizó la conductividad eléctrica, medida por espectroscopia de impedancia electroquímica, el óptimo corresponde a la proporción molar de AlCl3/PMMA= 0,68 y porcentaje en peso de 80% de líquido iónico en la membrana. Adicionalmente, se realizó la caracterización térmica y química del material identificándose el rompimiento de enlaces de coordinación transiente entre 100°C y 200°C asociados a las transiciones de fase producto de la interacción de los iones cloroaluminato con la matriz polimérica y el catión orgánico del líquido iónico; los resultados exponen la presencia tanto de enlaces vinculados por los grupos oxigenados del polímero como la coordinación tradicional de los líquidos iónicos de primera generación. Se realizó la evaluación electroquímica del mecanismo de reacción de cada material activo con el electrolito y se determinó que el colector de carga de acero inoxidable presenta una alta corrosión durante el proceso de carga; por otro lado, el ánodo mostró una cinética compleja similar a la encontrada en electrolitos compuestos de poliéteres y líquidos iónicos, en cuyo caso existen dos rutas de reacción asociadas al catión cloroaluminato y al anión respectivamente, mientras el cátodo reprodujo el mecanismo del plastificante a partir de 1,5V vs. QRE y presentó una reducción entre 0,5V-1,5 V vs. QRE asociado a la desintercalación irreversible de iones mediante los grupos oxigenados del polímero. La batería mostró una capacidad de carga estable cercana a 13mAh/g y una eficiencia Coulómbica promedio de 60% asociada a las reacciones irreversibles encontradas en el análisis por voltamperometría cíclica, de igual manera se observó que al acelerar el proceso de carga en un factor de 15 la capacidad posee una retención superior al 60%, mientras al regresar a las condiciones iniciales mantiene la capacidad obtenida originalmente; asimismo el análisis de espectroscopia de impedancia electroquímica mostró la presencia de múltiples interfases, control difusional y corrosión, además de la aparición de nuevas interfases en el material anódico al acelerar el proceso de depositación de aluminio, en consecuencia se requiere revisar la metodología de ensamble del dispositivo. Finalmente, los análisis de voltaje vs. carga almacenada exhibieron que la descarga a altas velocidades expone mecanismos no vinculados al cátodo y sugiere la necesidad de evaluar nuevos materiales activos para lograr aumentar los valores de diseño requeridos en dispositivos comerciales, pero dado que logró una aceptable eficiencia y retención pese a las irreversibilidades del sistema el material sintetizado puede llegar a ser promisorio para dispositivos de almacenamiento de energía basados en iones aluminio, en especial al considerar que la depositación de aluminio se logró ejecutar por cerca de 2h en presencia del aire ambiental.spa
dc.description.abstractIn the search for materials to replace lithium in energy storage systems, it has been found that aluminum has potential advantages such as low flammability, low cost and 3 electrons in the reaction that give it a high theoretical capacity. Until now, most studies focus on devices with aluminum anode, carbon derived cathode and ionic liquid electrolytes which have achieved high charging rates and long-term stability; however, they present problems associated with corrosivity, moisture sensitivity and the high cost of the electrolyte. With this work, an aluminum-ion battery was built with commercial aluminum and graphene electrodes and a gel polymeric electrolyte plasticized with an ionic liquid to reduce moisture sensitivity, corrosivity and cost, as well as providing the possibility of devices with different geometries and fast charge by reducing the interelectrode distance. The gel polymer electrolyte was synthesized by Solvent-casting of a polymethylmethacrylate functionalized with aluminum trichloride solution and plasticized with a chloroaluminate ionic liquid. Based on an experimental design, electrical conductivity, measured by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, was optimized. The optimum corresponds to the (AlCl3)/PMMA molar ratio = 0.68 and a weight-weight percentage of 80% ionic liquid in the membrane. The thermal and chemical characterization of the material was performed, identifying the transient coordination bonds breaking between 100°C and 200°C associated with the phase transitions resulting from the interaction of the chloroaluminate ions with the polymeric matrix and the ionic liquid; the results expose the presence of bonds linked by the oxygenated groups of the polymer and the traditional coordination of first generation ionic liquids. The electrochemical analysis of the reaction mechanism of each active material with the electrolyte was carried out and it was determined that the stainless steel charge collector shows corrosion during the charging process; On the other hand, the anode showed complex kinetics similar to that found in the mixture of polyethers and ionic liquids electrolytes, so there are two reaction routes associated with the chloroaluminate cation and the anion respectively, while the cathode reproduced the mechanism of the plasticizer from 1.5V vs. QRE and presented the irreversible reduction of deintercalated ions and coordination by the oxygenated groups of the polymer between 0.5V-1.5V vs. QRE. The battery showed a stable charging capacity close to 13mAh/g and an average Coulombic efficiency of 60% associated with the irreversible reactions found by cyclic voltammetry, in the same way it was observed a retention of over 60% when the charging rate increases by a 15 factor, while upon returning to the initial conditions it maintains the original capacity. Likewise, the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis showed the presence of multiple interfaces, diffusional control and corrosion, plus the appearance of new interfaces in the anode material by accelerating the aluminum deposition process, therefore it is necessary to review the device assembly methodology. Finally, the voltage vs. stored charge analysis showed that discharge at high speeds exposes not linked to the cathode mechanisms and suggests evaluating new active materials in order to increase the design values required in commercial devices, but given that it achieved acceptable efficiency and retention despite the system irreversibilities, the synthesized material can be promising for energy storage devices based on aluminum ions, especially considering that the aluminum deposition was achieved for about 2h in air presence.spa
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.projectDiseño y construcción de una batería ion-aluminio con capacidad de carga rápidaspa
dc.description.sponsorshipUniversidad Nacional de Colombia: Convocatoria Nacional para el apoyo al desarrollo de tesis de posgrado o de trabajos finales de especialidades en el área de la saludspa
dc.format.extent141spa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.citationOrtiz Gonzalez, J. D., & Sánchez Sáenz, C. I. (2020). Diseño y construcción de una batería ion-aluminio con capacidad de carga rápida. Universidad Nacional de Colombia.spa
dc.identifier.citation[1] J. D. Ortiz Gonzalez and C. I. Sánchez Sáenz, “Diseño y construcción de una batería ion-aluminio con capacidad de carga rápida,” Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 2020.spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/78452
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Medellínspa
dc.publisher.departmentDepartamento de Procesos y Energíaspa
dc.publisher.programMedellín - Minas - Maestría en Ingeniería - Ingeniería Químicaspa
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dc.rightsDerechos reservados - Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.spaAcceso abiertospa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/spa
dc.subject.ddc660 - Ingeniería químicaspa
dc.subject.ddc540 - Química y ciencias afinesspa
dc.subject.proposalIonogelseng
dc.subject.proposalIonogelesspa
dc.subject.proposalbaterías ion-aluminiospa
dc.subject.proposalAluminum-ion batterieseng
dc.subject.proposalLíquidos iónicosspa
dc.subject.proposalIonic liquidseng
dc.subject.proposalpolímerosspa
dc.subject.proposalpolymerseng
dc.subject.proposalglymesspa
dc.subject.proposalglymeseng
dc.titleDiseño y construcción de una batería ion-aluminio con capacidad de carga rápidaspa
dc.title.alternativeDesign and construction of a fast charging aluminum ion batteryspa
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa

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