Optimización de la producción de celulasa a partir de Fusarium sp.

dc.contributor.advisorRuiz-Colorado, Angela Adriana
dc.contributor.authorBonilla Ospina, Nataly
dc.contributor.researchgroupBioprocesos y Flujos Reactivosspa
dc.date.accessioned2022-03-31T19:44:02Z
dc.date.available2022-03-31T19:44:02Z
dc.date.issued2020-12-03
dc.descriptionIlustracionesspa
dc.description.abstractEl uso de enzimas en diferentes sectores industriales es una alternativa a los procesos químicos convencionales. Las enzimas son atractivas, debido a ventajas técnico-económicas en el proceso, como bajas temperaturas (30ºC - 50ºC), pH (4,0 -5,5) y concentraciones de solventes orgánicos, entre otros. Las enzimas, ofrecen alta especificidad al sustrato, condiciones de proceso moderadas a suaves comparadas con procesos industriales convencionales, baja toxicidad y pureza del producto. En consecuencia, reducción de impactos ambientales negativos. Las celulasas, son el segundo tipo de enzimas predominantes en la industria biotecnológica ya que tiene numerosas aplicaciones en diferentes campos, incluyendo la industria textil, pulpa y papel, alimentos, producción de biocombustibles, farmacéutica, entre otras. Su biosíntesis es controlada por mecanismos como la inducción y la regulación nutricional (regulación de las fuentes de carbono o nitrógeno), principalmente. Diferentes microorganismos son capaces de producir el complejo enzimático celulasas, sin embargo, hongos como Fusarium sp. son ampliamente estudiados, por su buen rendimiento en la producción enzimas y su habilidad de secretar el complejo extracelularmente. En este estudio, Carboximetilcelulosa fue usado como única fuente de carbón para la producción de enzimas celulolíticas (celulasas y endoglucanasas), por Fusarium sp. bajo fermentación en estado sólido (FES). Los efectos de la humedad (65% -80%), la temperatura (28-35ºC), el pH (4,5 – 6,0 Unidades) y el tiempo de fermentación (2-6 días) sobre la producción enzimática, fueron determinados siguiendo la metodología de superficie de respuesta. La condición ideal para la producción para Fusarium sp., tanto de celulasas como endoglucanasas fueron 10 días de fermentación, 71,74% de humedad, pH 5,02 y temperatura 28,8 ºC. La síntesis de celulasa fue reprimida en presencia de xilosa y fructosa, mientras que, fue inducida en presencia de lactosa y soforosa. Finalmente, se caracterizó el extracto enzimático a diferentes temperaturas y pH, lo que permitió determinar que la actividad relativa para endoglucanasa se presenta a 50ºC y pH 5,0, mientras que para actividad celulasa, se presenta a 60ºC y pH 6,0. (Texto tomado de la fuente)spa
dc.description.abstractThe use of enzymes in different industrial sectors is a conventional alternative to chemical processes, it is attractive due to technical and economic advantages in the process, such as low temperatures (30ºC - 50ºC), pH (4,0 -5,5) and concentrations of organic solvents, among others. Enzymes provide high substrate specificity, moderate to mild process conditions, low toxicity and product purity, thus reducing negative environmental impacts. Cellulases, the second type of enzymes predominant in the industry, are mainly controlled by mechanisms such as induction and nutritional regulation (regulation of carbon or nitrogen sources). Different microorganisms can produce complex cellulase enzymes; however, fungi like Fusarium sp. are widely studied for their good yield in the production of enzymes and their ability to secrete the complex extracellularly. Carboxymethylcellulose was used as the sole source of carbon to produce cellulolytic enzymes, by Fusarium sp. under solid state fermentation (FES, by its acronym in Spanish). The effects of moisture (65-80%), temperature (28-35ºC), pH (4.5 - 6.0 Units) and fermentation time (2-6 days) on enzymatic production were determined following the surface response methodology. The ideal condition for endoglucanase production was 4 days of fermentation 70% humidity, pH 4.5 and temperature 30 ° C, these factors being of significant influence on Fusarium sp. The cellulase synthesis was repressed in the presence of xylose and fructose, while it was induced in the presence of lactose and sophorose. Finally, the enzyme extract was characterized at different temperatures and pH, which determined the highest relative activity for endoglucanase is presented at 50 °C and pH 5.0, while for cellulase activity, it is presented at 60 °C and pH 6.0.eng
dc.description.curricularareaÁrea curricular de Ingeniería Química e Ingeniería de Petróleosspa
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Ingeniería - Ingeniería Químicaspa
dc.description.researchareaBioprocesosspa
dc.format.extent62 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/81428
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Medellínspa
dc.publisher.departmentDepartamento de Procesos y Energíaspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Minasspa
dc.publisher.placeMedellín, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programMedellín - Minas - Maestría en Ingeniería - Ingeniería Químicaspa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseReconocimiento 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/spa
dc.subject.ddc660 - Ingeniería químicaspa
dc.subject.lembCelulosa
dc.subject.lembCellulose
dc.subject.proposalFusarium spspa
dc.subject.proposalEnzimasspa
dc.subject.proposalCelulasasspa
dc.subject.proposalEndoglucanasaspa
dc.subject.proposalMetodología superficie de respuestaspa
dc.subject.proposalEnzymeseng
dc.subject.proposalCellulaseeng
dc.subject.proposalEndoglucanaseseng
dc.subject.proposalResponse Surface Methodologyeng
dc.titleOptimización de la producción de celulasa a partir de Fusarium sp.spa
dc.title.translatedOptimization of cellulase production by Fusarium sp.
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TMspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadoresspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa

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