CRITAIR : a hybrid methodology for criticality analysis and intelligent recommendations in electrical distribution networks
| dc.contributor.advisor | Álvarez Meza , Andrés Marino | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Castellanos Dominguez, Cesar Germán | |
| dc.contributor.author | Pineda Quintero, Santiago | |
| dc.contributor.researchgroup | Grupo de Control y Procesamiento Digital de Señales | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2026-02-27T14:34:17Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2026-02-27T14:34:17Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2025 | |
| dc.description | graficas, tablas | spa |
| dc.description.abstract | Modern power systems face increasing levels of complexity and demand, making it a priority to understand the root causes of faults and outages. Such understanding is essential for optimizing reliability indicators such as System Average Interruption Duration Index (SAIDI) and System Average Interruption Frequency Index (SAIFI), thereby enhancing service quality and the overall user experience. However, in Electric Power Companies (EPCs), unexpected outages in Medium-Voltage Level 2 (MV-L2) networks continue to degrade key reliability indicators such as SAIDI and SAIFI, ultimately impacting the end user’s perception of service quality. This ongoing issue is largely due to the lack of a systematic methodology to accurately identify the internal and external variables that most influence these indicators, limiting proactive asset management and hindering the prevention of future failures. This work identifies two key problems that hinder data-driven decision-making aimed at improving reliability in MV-L2 networks. First, there is a lack of analytical models capable of both predicting reliability metrics and explaining the underlying causes of service interruptions. Second, organizations struggle to translate large volumes of historical and regulatory data into clear, actionable recommendations due to the absence of systems that integrate domain knowledge with data-driven insights in an interpretable manner. To address these challenges, we propose CRITAIR (Criticality Analysis and Intelligent Recommendations), a two-stage hybrid and interpretable methodology designed to identify, explain, and recommend actions aimed at improving reliability in medium-voltage networks. In the first stage, a TabNet model is trained using historical outage records enriched with meteorological variables and construction-related metadata, enabling accurate estimation of SAIDI while identifying influential variables at both global and local levels. In the second stage, the extracted feature importance is integrated into an Agentic RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) system, which combines semantic retrieval with text generation using large language models to generate contextualized recommendations based on both structured and unstructured data. Additionally, the system produces interpretable reasoning graphs that explain the decision-making process of the intelligent agent. The results show that the TabNet model achieved a coefficient of determination of R² = 0.88 for the SAIDI indicator, identifying precipitation, wind gusts, cloud cover, minimum current, and conductor gauge as the most relevant variables, explaining 67.3% of the observed variability. The Agentic RAG system achieved a BERTScore of 0.956 for tabular queries, 0.984 for regulatory interpretation, and 0.743 for recommendation generation. Furthermore, the system generates interpretable reasoning graphs that enhance transparency and trust. These results were validated using real-world data from CHEC, demonstrating the applicability of the proposed methodology in operational environments (Texto tomado de la fuente). | eng |
| dc.description.abstract | Los sistemas eléctricos modernos enfrentan niveles crecientes de complejidad y demanda, lo que hace prioritario comprender las causas raíz de fallas e interrupciones. Esta comprensión es fundamental para optimizar indicadores de confiabilidad como el System Average Interruption Duration Index (SAIDI) y el System Average Interruption Frequency Index (SAIFI), mejorando así la calidad del servicio y la experiencia del usuario final. Sin embargo, en las empresas de energía eléctrica (EPCs), las interrupciones inesperadas en redes de media tensión nivel 2 (MV-L2) continúan deteriorando estos indicadores, afectando directamente la percepción del servicio. Esta problemática se debe en gran medida a la ausencia de metodologías sistemáticas que permitan identificar con precisión las variables internas y externas que influyen en dichos indicadores, limitando la gestión proactiva de activos y la prevención de fallas. Este trabajo identifica dos desafíos principales. Primero, la falta de modelos analíticos capaces no solo de predecir métricas de confiabilidad, sino también de explicar las causas subyacentes de las interrupciones. Segundo, la dificultad de transformar grandes volúmenes de datos históricos y normativos en recomendaciones claras y accionables, debido a la ausencia de sistemas que integren conocimiento experto con analítica de datos de forma interpretable. Para abordar estos desafíos, se propone CRITAIR (Criticality Analysis and Intelligent Recommendations), una metodología híbrida e interpretable de dos etapas. En la primera etapa, se entrena un modelo TabNet utilizando datos históricos de interrupciones enriquecidos con variables meteorológicas y metadatos constructivos, permitiendo estimar el indicador SAIDI y detectar variables influyentes a nivel global y local. En la segunda etapa, estas variables se integran en un sistema Agentic RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation), el cual combina recuperación semántica y generación de texto mediante modelos de lenguaje, permitiendo generar recomendaciones contextualizadas basadas en datos estructurados y documentos normativos. Adicionalmente, el sistema produce grafos de razonamiento interpretables que explican el proceso de toma de decisiones. Los resultados muestran que el modelo TabNet alcanzó un coeficiente de determinación R² = 0.88 para SAIDI, identificando como variables más relevantes la precipitación, ráfagas de viento, nubosidad, corriente mínima y calibre del conductor, explicando el 67.3% de la variabilidad. El sistema Agentic RAG alcanzó un BERTScore de 0.956 en consultas tabulares, 0.984 en interpretación normativa y 0.743 en generación de recomendaciones. Además, el sistema genera grafos interpretables que permiten validar las decisiones del modelo. Los resultados fueron validados con datos reales de CHEC, demostrando su aplicabilidad en contextos operativos reales. | spa |
| dc.description.curriculararea | Eléctrica, Electrónica, Automatización Y Telecomunicaciones.Sede Manizales | |
| dc.description.degreelevel | Maestría | |
| dc.description.degreename | Magíster en Ingeniería - Automatización Industrial | |
| dc.description.notes | Tesis meritoría. | spa |
| dc.description.researcharea | Inteligencia Artificial | |
| dc.format.extent | xii, 75 páginas | |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | |
| dc.identifier.instname | Universidad Nacional de Colombia | spa |
| dc.identifier.reponame | Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia | spa |
| dc.identifier.repourl | https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/ | spa |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/89699 | |
| dc.language.iso | eng | |
| dc.publisher | Universidad Nacional de Colombia | |
| dc.publisher.branch | Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Manizales | |
| dc.publisher.faculty | Facultad de Ingeniería y Arquitectura | |
| dc.publisher.place | Manizales, Colombia | |
| dc.publisher.program | Manizales - Ingeniería y Arquitectura - Maestría en Ingeniería - Automatización Industrial | |
| dc.relation.indexed | Agrosavia | |
| dc.relation.indexed | Bireme | |
| dc.relation.indexed | RedCol | |
| dc.relation.indexed | LaReferencia | |
| dc.relation.indexed | Agrovoc | |
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| dc.relation.references | [Zhang et al., 2023] Zhang, K.; Liu, J. & Huang, R.: , 2023; Rule-enhanced cognitive graph for power grid knowledge reasoning; en International Conference on Knowledge Graph and Semantic Computing; Springer; págs. 701–714; doi: 10.1007/978-981-99-4761-4_59 | |
| dc.relation.references | [Zhang et al., 2020] Zhang, T.; Kishore, V.; Wu, F.; Weinberger, K. Q. & Artzi, Y.: , 2020; Bertscore: Evaluating text generation with bert; en ICLR | |
| dc.relation.references | [Zhou et al., 2024] Zhou, Z.; Li, Y.; Guo, Z.; Yan, Z. & Chow, M.-Y.: , 2024; A white-box deep-learning method for electrical energy system modeling based on kolmogorov-arnold network; arXiv preprint arXiv:2409.08044 | |
| dc.relation.references | [Zhu et al., 2021] Zhu, S.; Yao, R.; Xie, Y.; Qiu, F.; Wu, X. et al.: , 2021; Quantifying grid resilience against extreme weather using large-scale customer power outage data; arXiv preprint arXiv:2109.09711 | |
| dc.rights.accessrights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | |
| dc.rights.license | Reconocimiento 4.0 Internacional | |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ | |
| dc.subject.ddc | 620 - Ingeniería y operaciones afines::621 - Física aplicada | |
| dc.subject.proposal | Tabnet | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Medium-voltage level 2 | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Generación aumentada por recuperación | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Large languaje models | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Modelos de lenguaje de gran escala | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Bertscore | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Saidi | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Saifi | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Retie | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Ntc | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Medium-voltage level 2 | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Media tensión nivel 2 | spa |
| dc.subject.unesco | Tecnología de la información | |
| dc.subject.unesco | Information technology | |
| dc.subject.unesco | Ingeniería eléctrica | |
| dc.subject.unesco | Electrical engineering | |
| dc.subject.unesco | Modelo de simulación | |
| dc.subject.unesco | Simulation models | |
| dc.title | CRITAIR : a hybrid methodology for criticality analysis and intelligent recommendations in electrical distribution networks | eng |
| dc.title.translated | CRITAIR : una metodología híbrida para el análisis de criticidad y recomendaciones inteligentes en redes de distribución eléctrica | spa |
| dc.type | Trabajo de grado - Maestría | |
| dc.type.coar | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc | |
| dc.type.coarversion | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa | |
| dc.type.content | Text | |
| dc.type.driver | info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis | |
| dc.type.version | info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion | |
| dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Investigadores | |
| oaire.accessrights | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
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