Cyclo-nonstationary analysis for bearing fault identification based on instantaneous angular speed estimation

dc.contributor.advisorCastellanos Domínguez, César Germánspa
dc.contributor.advisorAntoni, Jérômespa
dc.contributor.authorSierra Alonso, Edgar Felipespa
dc.contributor.researchgroupGrupo de Control y Procesamiento Digital de Señalesspa
dc.date.accessioned2020-10-26T21:18:00Zspa
dc.date.available2020-10-26T21:18:00Zspa
dc.date.issued2019spa
dc.description.abstractRolling Element Bearings (REB) are present in most of the rotating machines in charge of supporting the shaft's load. For such a reason, REB are prone to fail. REB failures under real conditions such as variable speed/load are a subject of interest in state of the art in digital signal processing of vibration signals due to the non-stationary conditions that hinder the failure identification using the traditional tools. Those failures are defined as a cyclo-nonstationary process due to the REB's intrinsic cyclic behavior and the non-stationarity introduced by the variation of the Instantaneous Angular Speed (IAS). The most direct approach for dealing with a time-varying IAS is to measure the speed via an encoder to obtain the so-called tachometer signal to compensate its influence, transforming the signal to the angular domain. Yet, to place an encoder usually requires a modification of the machine. In cases where it is not possible, the IAS could be extracted directly from the vibration signal. To extract the IAS from a vibration signal is a challenging task due to the low Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR); consequently, a short-time approach robust to noise named Short Time Non-Linear Least Squares (STNLS) estimation for the IAS is proposed. However, even with the IAS to identify the failure requires an additional step to highlight the impulsive behavior, most of the techniques in the literature make use directly or indirectly of the Spectral Kurtosis (SK). However, the traditional SK has been designed to work under small variations of the IAS; thus, a short-time/angle method SK based that works under variable IAS (named Short Time/Angle Spectral Kurtosis -- STSK) is introduced. The STSK method is compared with the traditional approach outperforming it in both a simulated and challenging case of an aircraft engine study. Similarly, the STNLS is tested on a simulated database for robustness to noise and in the real signal showing a mean square error of the order of 10^-3 compared to the signal from the tachometer.eng
dc.description.abstractLos elementos rodantes o rodamientos están presentes en la mayor cantidad de máquinas, los cuales están a cargo de soportar la carga del eje, por esta razón los rodamientos tienden a fallar. Las fallas en rodamientos bajo condiciones de operación reales como velocidad/carga variable son un tema de interés en el estado del arte en procesamiento digital de señales de vibración, debido a que la naturaleza no-estacionaria de la señal hace imposible identificar una falla en rodamientos usando los métodos tradicionales. Dichas fallas son llamadas ciclo-no-estacionarias debido a la no-estacionariedad introducida por la variación en la velocidad angular instantánea. El enfoque más directo para lidiar con una señal bajo una velocidad angular instantánea variable, es medir la velocidad directamente a través de un tacómetro, para transformar la señal al dominio angular. Pero poner el equipo de medición para la velocidad usualmente requiere modificar la máquina, en casos donde dicha modificación es imposible la velocidad angular instantánea puede ser estimada directamente a partir de la señal de vibración. Pero extraer la velocidad angular instantánea a partir de la señal de vibración es una tarea difícil debido a la baja relación señal a ruido; en consecuencia, un enfoque robusto llamado estimador por mínimos cuadrados no-lineares en tiempo corto (STNLS por sus siglas en inglés) es propuesto. Sin embargo, aun teniendo la estimación de la velocidad angular instantánea, identificar una falla en rodamientos bajo velocidad variable requiere un paso adicional, dicho paso adicional es resaltar el comportamiento impulsivo, la mayoría de las técnicas en la literatura hacen uso directa o indirectamente de la Curtosis espectral. La Curtosis espectral propuesta en el estado del arte está diseñada para funcionar con ligeras variaciones de la velocidad del eje. En consecuencia, es introducido un método en tiempo corto basado en la Curtosis espectral, llamando Curtosis espectral en tiempo/ángulo corto (STSK por sus siglas en inglés). El STSK es comparado con el método tradicional del estado del arte superándolo en un caso simulado y un caso de estudio de un motor de un avión. Similarmente, la robustez del método STNLS es probada en una base de datos simulada y en la señal del motor de avión, mostrando un error cuadrático medio bajo, es decir, por el orden de 10^-3 respecto a la medida del tacómetro.spa
dc.description.abstractLes ´el´ements roulants ou les paliers sont pr´esents dans le plus grand nombre de machines. Ils ont comme bout de supporter la charge de l’arbre, ce qui explique pourquoi les paliers ont tendance `a facilement se d´et´eriorer. La d´etection des d´efauts de roulements dans des conditions de fonctionnement r´eelles avec une vitesse/charge variables, constitue un sujet d’int´erˆet dans l’´etat de l’art, car le signal est non-stationnaire. Il est alors difficile d’utiliser les outils traditionnels. Les signaux de roulements d´efaillants sont d´efinies comme un processus cyclo-non-stationnaire en raison du comportement cyclique intrins`eque des ´el´ements roulants et de la non-stationnarit´e introduite par la variation de la vitesse angulaire instantan´ee. L’approche la plus directe pour traiter un signal sous une vitesse angulaire instantan´ee variable consiste `a mesurer la vitesse directement `a l’aide d’un tachym`etre, pour compenser son influence en transformant le signal dans le domaine angulaire. Toutefois, pour que la vitesse soit mesur´ee, il faut g´en´eralement modifier la machine. Dans les cas o`u cette modification est impossible, la vitesse angulaire instantan´ee peut ˆetre estim´ee directement `a partir du signal de vibration. Mais extraire la vitesse angulaire instantan´ee du signal de vibration est une tˆache difficile en raison du faible rapport signal-bruit ; par cons´equent, une xi approche robuste `a court terme appel´ee estimateur des moindres carr´es non lin´eaires `a court terme (STNLS pour son acronyme en anglais) est propos´ee. Cependant, mˆeme en prenant l’estimation de la vitesse angulaire instantan´ee, identifier un d´efaut de roulement sous une vitesse variable n´ecessite une ´etape suppl´ementaire; celle-ci consiste `a mettre en ´evidence le comportement impulsif du signal en pr´esence de d´efaut. La plupart des techniques de la litt´erature utilisent directement ou indirectement le Kurtosis spectral. Le Kurtosis spectral propos´e dans l’´etat de l’art est con¸cu pour fonctionner avec des variations modestes de la vitesse de l’arbre. Ensuite, une m´ethode `a court terme bas´ee sur le Kurtosis spectral est introduite, appelant le Kurtosis spectral en temps/angle court (STSK pour son acronyme en anglais). La STSK est compar´ee `a la m´ethode traditionnelle de l’´etat de l’art, et la surpasse dans un cas num´erique et une ´etude de cas d’un moteur d’avion. De la mˆeme fa¸con, la robustesse de la m´ethode STNLS est test´ee dans une base de donn´ees num´erique et sur un signal de moteur d’un a´eronef, montrant une erreur quadratique moyenne de l’ordre de 10􀀀3 par rapport `a la mesure tachym´etrique.fra
dc.description.degreelevelDoctoradospa
dc.description.projectConvocatoria 647 de 2014spa
dc.description.sponsorshipColciencias - Colfuturospa
dc.format.extent119spa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/78561
dc.language.isoengspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Manizalesspa
dc.publisher.departmentDepartamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica y Electrónicaspa
dc.publisher.programManizales - Ingeniería y Arquitectura - Doctorado en Ingeniería - Automáticaspa
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dc.rightsDerechos reservados - Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.spaAcceso abiertospa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/spa
dc.subject.ddc620 - Ingeniería y operaciones afinesspa
dc.subject.proposalInstantaneous Angular Speedeng
dc.subject.proposalVelocidad angular instantáneaspa
dc.subject.proposalmínimos cuadrados no linearesspa
dc.subject.proposalNon-linear Least Squareseng
dc.subject.proposalShort-time approacheseng
dc.subject.proposalmétodos en tiempo cortospa
dc.subject.proposalCurtosis espectralspa
dc.subject.proposalSpectral Kurtosiseng
dc.subject.proposalSignal processingeng
dc.subject.proposalprocesamiento de señalesspa
dc.subject.proposalRolling Element Bearings (REB)eng
dc.subject.proposalrodamientosspa
dc.titleCyclo-nonstationary analysis for bearing fault identification based on instantaneous angular speed estimationspa
dc.title.alternativeAnálisis cyclo-noestacionario para identificación de fallas en rodamientos basado en la estimación de la velocidad angular instantáneaspa
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa

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