Nivel de actividad física y calidad de vida en pacientes con enfermedad renal en lista de espera y receptores de trasplante renal

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dc.contributor.advisorAlvis Gomez, Karim Martinaspa
dc.contributor.authorMatiz Alonso, Diana Katerinespa
dc.contributor.orcidMatiz Alonso, Diana [0009000094494635]spa
dc.date.accessioned2024-08-08T14:22:33Z
dc.date.available2024-08-08T14:22:33Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.descriptionilustraciones, diagramas, tablasspa
dc.description.abstractIntroducción: La Enfermedad Renal Crónica (ERC) representa un importante problema de salud pública y el trasplante renal (TR) es el tratamiento ideal para mejorar la Calidad de Vida Relacionada con Salud (CVRS). No obstante, durante la espera para el procedimiento ingresan a una lista de espera (LE) con soporte renal, periodo que puede impactar en diversos aspectos de la vida de los pacientes, incluyendo los niveles de AF y la CVRS. Objetivo: Determinar la correlación entre el nivel de AF y CVRS de los pacientes con ERC, que se encuentran en LE o han sido receptores de trasplante renal (RTR) en un Hospital de Alta Complejidad, en el período comprendido entre junio 1 de 2023 hasta agosto 15 de 2023. Metodología: Estudio transversal, descriptivo y correlacional. Se realizó un muestreo por conveniencia no probabilístico, con una muestra de 36 pacientes, se caracterizó el nivel de AF con un protocolo de acelerometría con dispositivos ActiGraph GT3X+ durante siete (7) días, se evaluó la CVRS por medio del cuestionario KDQOL-36. Se empleó el software estadístico SPSS llevando a cabo cálculos de estadísticos y de gráficos descriptivos univaridos y se calcularon los coeficientes de correlación de Spearman. Resultados: Se analizaron datos de 36 sujetos (18 LE y 18 RTR), la edad media de los participantes fue de 41 años, el IMC medio fue de 22.91 kg/m2; el tiempo promedio de LE fue de 26.61 meses, y el tiempo promedio de TR fue de 41.06 meses, el grupo de los pacientes en LE eran principalmente sedentarios, duración media de tiempo sedentario: 84,09% del día por su parte los pacientes con TR tenían menos tiempo en actividad sedentaria 66,89%, L: 13%%, M: 2%; RTR L: 29,46%, M: 3,64%; el grupo en LE registra un promedio de 5443 pasos en comparación con 6688 pasos en el grupo de RTR, con relación a CVRS los pacientes con RTR muestran puntuaciones más altas en las dimensiones de efectos de la enfermedad renal (EER) y carga de la enfermedad renal (CER); sin embargo, no hay diferencias en las dimensiones genéricas de salud física y mental. Se pudo identificar correlaciones negativas entre el tiempo sedentario con EKD (- 0,460), CER (-0,634) y una asociación positiva entre el tiempo de actividad física leve (AFL) y el componente físico (CF) (0,453) y la sintomatología relacionada con la ERC (0,508). Conclusiones: Mediante el uso de un acelerómetro, un método preciso, este estudio demostró que los pacientes en LE son sedentarios y RTR son ligeramente activos, destacando la importancia de considerar la AF como componente integral en la gestión de la ERC. Alcances y limitaciones: Se trata de una investigación pionera en el Hospital Cardio vascular de Cundinamarca que relaciona la AF con la CVRS ofreciendo una evaluación para el seguimiento e introducción de programas de AF, además se destaca la necesidad de un protocolo de acelerómetro en población con enfermedades crónicas para estandarizar los resultados. Se reconoce que la muestra no alcanza los niveles de significancia y que la prueba de normalidad no ha arrojado resultados positivos. No obstante, el presente estudio sirve como introducción para el desarrollo de nuevos estudios en enfermedades crónicas, con el uso de dispositivos confiables y válidos en la evaluación de la AF (Texto tomado de la fuente).spa
dc.description.abstractIntroduction: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) represents a significant public health problem, and kidney transplant (KT) is the ideal treatment to improve Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL). However, during the waiting period for the procedure, patients enter a waiting list (WL) with renal support, a period that can impact various aspects of patients' lives, including levels of physical activity (PA) and HRQOL. Objective: To determine the correlation between PA and HRQOL in patients with CKD who are on the WL or have undergone kidney transplantation (KT) in a High-Complexity Hospital, between June 1, 2023, and August 15, 2023. Methodology: Cross-sectional, descriptive, and correlational study. A non-probabilistic convenience sampling was conducted, involving 36 patients. PA levels were characterized using an accelerometer protocol with ActiGraph GT3X+ devices for seven (7) days. HRQOL was assessed using the KDQOL-36 questionnaire. Statistical calculations and univariate descriptive graphics were performed using SPSS software, and Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated. Results: Data from 36 subjects were analyzed (18 WL and 18 KT). The participants' average age was 41 years, and the average BMI was 22.91 kg/m2. The average WL duration was 26.61 months, and the average KT duration was 41.06 months. WL patients were mainly sedentary, with an average sedentary time of 84.09% of the day, while KT patients had less sedentary time (66.89%, L: 13%, M: 2%). WL registered an average of 5443 steps compared to 6688 steps per day recorded by accelerometer in the KT group. Regarding HRQOL, KT patients showed higher scores in the dimensions of kidney disease effects and kidney disease burden. However, there were no differences in generic dimensions of physical and mental health. Negative correlations were identified between sedentary time and EKD (-0.460) and CER (-0.634), with a positive association between light activity time and the physical component (0.453) and symptoms related to CKD (0.508). Conclusions: Through the use of an accelerometer, a precise method, this study demonstrated that WL patients are sedentary, and KT patients are slightly active, emphasizing the importance of considering PA as an integral component in CKD management. Scope and limitations: This is a pioneering investigation at the Cardiovascular Hospital of Cundinamarca that relates PA to HRQOL, providing an assessment for follow-up and the introduction of PA programs. Furthermore, the need for an accelerometer protocol in the population with chronic diseases is highlighted to standardize results. It is acknowledged that the sample does not reach significance levels, and the normality test has not yielded positive results. However, this study serves as an introduction for the development of new studies in chronic diseases, with the use of reliable and valid devices in PA assessment.eng
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Fisioterapia del Deporte y la Actividad Físicaspa
dc.description.methodsEstudio transversal, descriptivo y correlacional, Se trata de un estudio de corte transversal entre los meses de julio a agosto del año 2022. Se recopiló información de la población con el fin de llevar a cabo un análisis, caracterizar y determinar los niveles de AF, así como la CVRS, en pacientes diagnosticados con ERC en LE y con TR De acuerdo con lo anterior, se tomó en cuenta a Sampieri (2014), puesto que las variables independientes no se manipulan y las inferencias sobre las relaciones entre variables se realizan sin intervención o influencia directa, y dichas relaciones se observan tal como se han dado en su contexto natural y se pretende describir relaciones entre dos o más variables en un momento.spa
dc.description.researchareaActividad física y saludspa
dc.format.extent128 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/86702
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotáspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Medicinaspa
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Medicina - Maestría en Fisioterapia del Deporte y la Actividad Físicaspa
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dc.relation.referencesWilkinson, T. J., Clarke, A. L., Nixon, D. G. D., Hull, K. L., Song, Y., Burton, J. O., Yates, T., & Smith, A. C. (2021). Prevalence and correlates of physical activity across kidney disease stages: An observational multicentre study. Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation: Official Publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 36(4), 641-649. https://doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfz235spa
dc.relation.referencesWong, L., Duque, G., & McMahon, L. P. (2021). Sarcopenia and Frailty: Challenges in Mainstream Nephrology Practice. Kidney International Reports, 6(10), 2554-2564. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ekir.2021.05.039spa
dc.relation.referencesZabaleta-del-Olmo, E., & González-del-Río, M. (2021). Instrumentos de medida de resultados y de experiencias comunicadas por el paciente: Directrices y herramientas para identificar y seleccionar los más adecuados. Enfermería Intensiva, 32(1), 37-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enfi.2020.08.001spa
dc.relation.referencesZelle, D. M., Klaassen, G., van Adrichem, E., Bakker, S. J. L., Corpeleijn, E., & Navis, G. (2017). Physical inactivity: A risk factor and target for intervention in renal care. Nature Reviews Nephrology, 13(3), Article 3. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrneph.2016.187spa
dc.relation.referencesZhang, F., Ren, Y., Wang, H., Bai, Y., & Huang, L. (2022). Daily Step Counts in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Frontiers in Medicine, 9. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2022.842423spa
dc.relation.referencesZhang, F., Yin, X., Huang, L., & Zhang, H. (2023). The “adult inactivity triad” in patients with chronic kidney disease: A review. Frontiers in Medicine, 10, undefined-undefined. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2023.1160450spa
dc.relation.referencesZhao, Q.-G., Zhang, H.-R., Wen, X., Wang, Y., Chen, X.-M., Chen, N., Sun, Y., Liu, H., & Lu, P.-J. (2019). Exercise interventions on patients with end-stage renal disease: A systematic review. Clinical Rehabilitation, 33(2), 147-156. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269215518817083spa
dc.relation.referencesZúñiga SM, C., Dapueto P, J., Müller O, H., Kirsten L, L., Alid A, R., & Ortiz M, L. (2009). Evaluación de la calidad de vida en pacientes en hemodiálisis crónica mediante el cuestionario «Kidney Disease Quality of Life (KDQOL-36)». Revista médica de Chile, 137(2), 200-207. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0034-98872009000200003spa
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseReconocimiento 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/spa
dc.subject.ddc610 - Medicina y salud::617 - Cirugía, medicina regional, odontología, oftalmología, otología, audiologíaspa
dc.subject.ddc610 - Medicina y salud::616 - Enfermedadesspa
dc.subject.decsInsuficiencia Renal Crónicaspa
dc.subject.decsTrasplante de Riñónspa
dc.subject.decsKidney Transplantationeng
dc.subject.decsCalidad de Vidaspa
dc.subject.decsQuality of Lifeeng
dc.subject.decsSalud Públicaspa
dc.subject.decsPublic Healtheng
dc.subject.lembRenal Insufficiency, Chroniceng
dc.subject.proposalAcelerometríaspa
dc.subject.proposalActividad físicaspa
dc.subject.proposalCalidad de vidaspa
dc.subject.proposalEnfermedad renal crónicaspa
dc.subject.proposalTrasplante renalspa
dc.subject.proposalAccelerometryeng
dc.subject.proposalPhysical activityeng
dc.subject.proposalQuality of lifeeng
dc.subject.proposalChronic kidney diseaseeng
dc.subject.proposalKidney transplant.eng
dc.titleNivel de actividad física y calidad de vida en pacientes con enfermedad renal en lista de espera y receptores de trasplante renalspa
dc.title.translatedLevel of physical activity and quality of life in patients with kidney disease on the waiting list and kidney transplant recipientseng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TMspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentPúblico generalspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_14cbspa

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Maestría en Fisioterapia del Deporte y la Actividad Física