Procesos de degradación de suelos asociados a minería aurífera a cielo abierto, caso de estudio Bajo Cauca Antioqueño
Archivos
Autores
David Giraldo, Ruben Dario
Director
Tipo de contenido
Trabajo de grado - Maestría
Idioma del documento
EspañolFecha de publicación
2017
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Documentos PDF
Resumen
La minería aurífera a cielo abierto es una labor que se realiza con frecuencia en Colombia y genera empleos e ingresos para numerosas personas. Sin embargo, esta se caracteriza por causar afectaciones y pérdida de recursos naturales, como ocurre en la zona del Bajo Cauca de Antioquia Colombia, en la que esta actividad es la primera en generación de empleo e ingresos, sin embargo, está asociada a procesos de degradación de suelos, afectación de cuerpos de agua e impactos ambientales. En este estudio se diagnosticaron las actividades realizadas en el proceso de extracción aurífera, se analizó el estado de los suelos posmineros y se determinaron las actividades de rehabilitación y fitorremediación empleadas. Mediante visitas de campo se consultó a los responsables de la extracción, se observó el estado de los suelos y se realizaron algunas mediciones y descripciones, lo cual permitió conocer de primera mano la degradación de suelos y deterioro ambiental, así mismo se pudo determinar conocer los retos y oportunidades que tiene por delante la subregión para su rehabilitación. Por otro lado, se conoció el potencial que presentan estos suelos posmineros debido a las condiciones climáticas de la zona, lo cual además de contribuir con la mitigación de los daños ambientales, podría generar desarrollo y bienestar a la región.
Abstract: Open-pit gold mining is a work often done in Colombia generating jobs and income for many people. However, this one contributes to cause damage that can lead to loss of natural resources as occurs in the area of Bajo Cauca of Antioquia, Colombia, in which this activity is the first source of income and employment, nevertheless, it is associated with processes of soil degradation, affectation of water bodies and environmental impacts. In this study there were diagnosed the activities carried out in the process of gold extraction, discussed the status of the post-mining soils and identified the activities of rehabilitation and phytoremediation employed. Through field visits, people responsible for the extraction were consulted, observed the state of soils, and some measurements and descriptions were carried out making possible to know, by first hand, the soil degradation and environmental deterioration, likewise, it was possible to know about the challenges and opportunities that the sub region has ahead for its rehabilitation. On the other hand, the potential presented by these post-mining soils was known due to the climatic conditions of the zone, which besides contributing with the mitigation of the environmental damage, might generate development and well-being to the region.
Abstract: Open-pit gold mining is a work often done in Colombia generating jobs and income for many people. However, this one contributes to cause damage that can lead to loss of natural resources as occurs in the area of Bajo Cauca of Antioquia, Colombia, in which this activity is the first source of income and employment, nevertheless, it is associated with processes of soil degradation, affectation of water bodies and environmental impacts. In this study there were diagnosed the activities carried out in the process of gold extraction, discussed the status of the post-mining soils and identified the activities of rehabilitation and phytoremediation employed. Through field visits, people responsible for the extraction were consulted, observed the state of soils, and some measurements and descriptions were carried out making possible to know, by first hand, the soil degradation and environmental deterioration, likewise, it was possible to know about the challenges and opportunities that the sub region has ahead for its rehabilitation. On the other hand, the potential presented by these post-mining soils was known due to the climatic conditions of the zone, which besides contributing with the mitigation of the environmental damage, might generate development and well-being to the region.