Mineralogy and geochronology of Nb-rutile, columbite-tantalite and REE minerals, associated with anorogenic granites from the Mesoproterozoic in eastern Colombia: evidence for their origin and implications for the dating of pegmatites and mineralizing events in the NW of the Amazonian Craton

dc.contributor.advisorCramer, Thomas
dc.contributor.authorFranco Victoria, Jose Alejandro
dc.contributor.cvlacFranco Victoria, José Alejandro [0001399114]
dc.contributor.orcidFranco Victoria, José Alejandro [0000000346385885]
dc.contributor.researchgroupGrupo de Estudios en Geología Económica y Mineralogía Aplicada Gegema
dc.coverage.cityGuainía (Colombia)spa
dc.coverage.cityVichada (Colombia)spa
dc.coverage.regionPiedemonte amazónico (Colombia)spa
dc.date.accessioned2025-09-15T16:56:07Z
dc.date.available2025-09-15T16:56:07Z
dc.date.issued2025-06-06
dc.descriptionilustraciones a color, diagramas, fotografías, mapasspa
dc.description.abstractEn la parte más NW del Cratón Amazónico en Colombia se confirmó la presencia de mineralizaciones de Sn, Ti, Nb-Ta y REE, U-Th relacionadas a diques pegmatíticos, greisen y venas de cuarzo en rocas del Granito de Parguaza en el Departamento del Vichada y en la zona fronteriza con Venezuela y mineralizaciones de Ti, Nb-Ta, REE, U-Th relacionadas a diques pegmatíticos del Complejo Mitú en el Departamento del Guainía. Hasta el momento, un total de 6 localidades fueron reconocidas, descritas y muestreadas, las primeras 3 en el Departamento del Vichada y las últimas en el Guainía, nombradas a continuación de norte a sur: LOC (1) Cerro San Roque, LOC (2) Cachicamo, LOC (3) Cerro Hormiga, LOC (4) Cerro Espina, LOC (5) San José, LOC (6) Barranquilla. Esta investigación permitió caracterizar en detalle y obtener las edades radiométricas U/Pb mediante LA-ICP-MS de casiterita, rutilo-(Nb,Ta), columbita-tantalita, monacita y xenotima de depósitos coluviales y especialmente en la localidad (5) de diques pegmatíticos in situ, así como la caracterización mineralógica y datación de materiales complementarios de la misma naturaleza. La caracterización de los minerales seleccionados se realizó utilizando diferentes técnicas (microscopia en luz reflejada y transmitida, MEB-EDX, FRX, ICP-MS, DRX, EPMA) y permitió establecer en general la cercanía de estos a su fuente de aporte principal, también la geoquímica de elementos de tierras raras en monacita y los contenidos de W en casiterita, rutilo-(Nb,Ta), columbita-tantalita revelaron un origen magmático de afinidad granítica-pegmatítica, a su vez los contenidos Sn en columbitas permiten establecer una huella química entre la columbita-tantalita de las localidades (5 y 6) con contenidos hasta de 300 ppm y la columbita-tantalita de Venezuela con hasta 40.000 ppm, además del enriquecimiento de estas en elementos de tierras raras pesados. Los contenidos de U encontrados en los minerales varían desde 500 ppm en rutilo-(Nb,Ta),10.000 ppm en monacita, 50.000 ppm en columbita y hasta más de 330.000 ppm en los minerales de uranio de la localidad 4. Estos minerales con mayores contenidos de U y Th son naturalmente radiactivos permitiendo la datación radiométrica utilizando el sistema isotópico U-Th-Pb. Mediante LA-ICP-MS se midieron las relaciones isotópicas U-Th-Pb y se determinaron edades de cristalización de 1485 ± 9 Ma en casiteritas de LOC (1) de 1512 ±12 Ma en rutilo-(Nb,Ta) de LOC (2), de 1481 ± 10 Ma en casiteritas de (LOC-3); de 1485 ± 5 Ma en columbita-tantalita y 1384 ± 17 Ma en monacita de Venezuela; de 1342 ± 27 Ma en rutilo-(Nb,Ta), 1346 ± 18 Ma en monacita y de 1381 ± 8 Ma para xenotima de LOC (4); de 1377 ± 11 Ma en rutilo-(Nb,Ta), 1525 ± 5 Ma en monacita y 1557 ± 3 Ma en columbita de LOC (5) y de 1411 ± 5 Ma, en rutilo-(Nb,Ta) 1522 ± 16 Ma en monacita y 1540 ± 4 Ma en columbita-(Fe) en LOC (6). Las edades obtenidas permiten establecer al menos 3 eventos mineralizantes con edades cercanas a 1340, 1400 y 1500 Ma que se encuentran dentro del rango de 1560-1346 Ma que abarca gran parte del Mesoproterozoico especialmente los periodos Calimico y Ectásico, donde se reconocen a nivel local y regional importantes eventos magmáticos representados por, granitos con edades de (1600-1500 Ma) cerca de los ríos Inírida, Guainía y Cuyari, y el Granito de Parguaza en Venezuela, y granitos de textura rapakivi en el Orinoco-Vichada y de Matraca y Danta en el río Inírida con edades entre (1411-1340 Ma). (Texto tomado de la fuente).spa
dc.description.abstractIn the most NW part of the Amazon Craton in Colombia, the presence of Sn, Ti, Nb-Ta and REE, U-Th mineralizations related to pegmatic dikes, greisen and quartz veins in rocks of the Parguaza Granite in the Department of Vichada and in the border area with Venezuela and Ti, Nb-Ta, REE, U-Th mineralizations related to pegmatic dikes of the Mitú Complex in the Department of Guainía are confirmed. So far, a total of 6 localities have been recognized, described and sampled, the first 3 in the Department of Vichada and the last ones in Guainía, named below from north to south: LOC (1) Cerro San Roque, LOC (2) Cachicamo, LOC (3) Cerro Hormiga, LOC (4) Cerro Espina, LOC (5) San José, LOC (6) Barranquilla. This investigation allowed to characterize in detail and obtain the radiometric U/Pb ages by LA-ICP-MS of cassiterite, rutile-(Nb,Ta), columbite-tantalite, monazite and xenotime from colluvial deposits and especially in the locality (5) of in situ pegmatitic dikes, as well as the mineralogical characterization and dating of complementary materials of the same nature. The characterization of the selected minerals was performed using different techniques (reflected and transmitted light microscopy, SEM-EDX, XRF, ICP-MS, XRD, EPMA) and allowed to establish in general the proximity of these to their main source of contribution, also the geochemistry of rare earth elements in monazite and the W contents in cassiterite, rutile-(Nb,Ta), columbite-tantalite revealed a magmatic origin of granitic-pegmatitic affinity, in turn the Sn contents in columbites allow to establish a chemical fingerprint between the columbite-tantalite of localities (5 and 6) with contents up to 300 ppm and the columbite-tantalite of Venezuela with up to 40,000 ppm, in addition to the enrichment of these in heavy rare earth elements. The U contents found in the minerals vary from 500 ppm in rutile-(Nb,Ta), 10,000 ppm in monazite, 50,000 ppm in columbite and up to more than 330,000 ppm in the uranium minerals from locality 4. These minerals with higher U and Th contents are naturally radioactive, allowing radiometric dating using the U-Th-Pb isotopic system. U-Th-Pb isotopic ratios were measured by LA-ICP-MS, and crystallization ages of 1485 ± 9 Ma were determined for cassiterites from LOC (1), 1512 ± 12 Ma for rutile-(Nb,Ta) from LOC (2), and 1481 ± 10 Ma for cassiterites from (LOC-3); 1472 ± 12 Ma for columbite-tantalite and 1384 ± 17 Ma for monazite from Venezuela; 1342 ± 27 Ma for rutile-(Nb,Ta), 1346 ± 14 Ma for monazite and 1381 ± 8 Ma for xenotime from LOC (4); of 1377 ± 11 Ma in rutile-(Nb,Ta), 1525 ± 5 Ma in monazite and 1549 ± 5 Ma in columbite of LOC (5) and of 1411 ± 5 Ma, in rutile-(Nb,Ta) 1522 ± 16 Ma in monazite and 1530 ± 11 Ma in columbite-(Fe) in LOC (6). The ages obtained allow to establish at least 3 mineralizing events with ages close to 1340, 1400 and 1500 Ma that are within the range of 1560-1346 Ma that covers a large part of the Mesoproterozoic especially the Calymmian and Ectasian periods, where important magmatic events are recognized at local and regional level, represented by granites with ages (1600-1500 Ma) outcropping into the Inírida, Guainía and Cuyari rivers, the Parguaza Granite in Venezuela, and rapakivi texture granites in the Orinoco river and with the Matraca and Danta in the Inírida river with ages between (1411-1340 Ma).eng
dc.description.degreelevelDoctorado
dc.description.degreenameDoctorado en Geociencias
dc.description.researchareaYacimientos minerales
dc.description.researchareaMineralogía
dc.description.researchareaGeocronología
dc.format.extent103 páginas
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/88763
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ciencias
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombia
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Ciencias - Doctorado en Geociencias
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dc.relation.referencesSylvester, P. (2012). Quantitative mineralogy and microanalysis of sediments and sedimentary rocks. Mineralogical Association of Canada Short Course Volume 42
dc.relation.referencesSitnikova, M A, F Melcher, T Oberthuer, F Henjes-Kunst, A Gerdes, H Braetz, and D W Davis. 2007. “Blood Coltan; Fingerprinting of Columbite-Tantalite Ores.” Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 71: A943. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true%7B&%7Ddb=geh%7B&%7DAN=2008-127889%7B&%7Dlang=es%7B&%7Dsite=ehost-live.
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dc.relation.referencesSwope, R. J., J. R. Smyth, and A. C. Larson. 1995. “H in Rutile-Type Compounds: I. Single-Crystal Neutron and X-Ray Diffraction Study of H in Rutile.” American Mineralogist. https://doi.org/10.2138/am-1995-5-604.
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dc.relation.referencesTkachev, A. V. 2011. “Evolution of Metallogeny of Granitic Pegmatites Associated with Orogens throughout Geological Time.” Geological Society, London, Special Publications, In: Sial, A. N., Bettencourt, J. S., De Campos, C. P. & Ferreira, V. P. (eds) Granite- Related Ore Deposits., 350 (1): 7–23. https://doi.org/10.1144/SP350.2.
dc.relation.referencesTkachev, A. V. 2011. “Evolution of Metallogeny of Granitic Pegmatites Associated with Orogens throughout Geological Time.” Geological Society, London, Special Publications, In: Sial, A. N., Bettencourt, J. S., De Campos, C. P. & Ferreira, V. P. (eds) Granite- Related Ore Deposits., 350 (1): 7–23. https://doi.org/10.1144/SP350.2.
dc.relation.referencesTriebold, S., von Eynatten, H., Zack, T., 2012. A recipe for the use of rutile in sedimentary provenance analysis. Sediment. Geol. 282, 268–275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2012.09.008
dc.relation.referencesTupinambá, M., W Teixeira, and M. Heilbron. 2000. “Neoproterozoic Western Gondwana Assembly and Subduction-Related Plutonism: The Role of the Rio Negro Complex in the Ribeira Belt, South-Eastern Brazil.” Revista Brasileira de Geociências 30 (Rosier 1957): 7–11
dc.relation.referencesVan Lichtervelde, M., 2007. Geochemistry of micas associated with tantalum mineralization in the Tanco Pegmatite, Canada, in: Linnen, R.L., Gregoire, M., Beziat, D., Salvi, S. (Eds.), Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 17th Annual V. M. Goldschmidt Conference 2007, Cologne, Abstracts . Elsevier, p. A1057.
dc.relation.referencesVermeesch, P., 2018. IsoplotR: A free and open toolbox for geochronology. Geosci. Front. 9, 1479–1493. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2018.04.001.
dc.relation.referencesWatson, E.B.; Wark, D.A.; Thomas, J.B. (2006). Crystallization thermometers for zircon and rutile. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 151(4), 413-433. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-006-0068-5 Wedepohl, K.H., 1978. Handbook of Geochemistry. Williams, Michael L, Michael J Jercinovic, Kevin H Mahan, and Gregory Dumond. 2017. “Electron Microprobe Petrochronology.” Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry 83 (1): 153 LP – 182. https://doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2017.83.5. Yang, Ming, Rolf L Romer, Yue-Heng Yang, Shi-Tou Wu, Hao Wang, Jia-Run Tu, Hong-Ying Zhou, et al. 2022. “U-Pb Isotopic Dating of Cassiterite: Development of Reference Materials and in Situ Applications by LA-SF-ICP-MS.” Chemical Geology 593: 120754. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2022.120754. Yunxiang Ni, Hughes, J.M., Mariano, A.N., 1995. Crystal chemistry of the monazite and xenotime structures. Am. Mineral. 80, 21–26. https://doi.org/10.2138/am-1995-1-203. Zack, T., Stockli, D.F., Luvizotto, G.L., Barth, M.G., Belousova, E., Wolfe, M.R., Hinton, R.W., 2011. In situ U–Pb rutile dating by LA-ICP-MS: 208Pb correction and prospects for geological applications. Contrib. to Mineral. Petrol. 162, 515–530. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-011-0609-4. Zack, Thomas, and Ellen Kooijman. 2017. “Petrology and Geochronology of Rutile.” Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry 83 (1): 443–67. doi:10.2138/rmg.2017.83.14.
dc.relation.referencesWedepohl, K.H., 1978. Handbook of Geochemistry.
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dc.relation.referencesYunxiang Ni, Hughes, J.M., Mariano, A.N., 1995. Crystal chemistry of the monazite and xenotime structures. Am. Mineral. 80, 21–26. https://doi.org/10.2138/am-1995-1-203.
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dc.relation.referencesZack, Thomas, and Ellen Kooijman. 2017. “Petrology and Geochronology of Rutile.” Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry 83 (1): 443–67. doi:10.2138/rmg.2017.83.14.
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subject.bneGeocronología
dc.subject.bneCasiterita
dc.subject.ddc540 - Química y ciencias afines::549 - Mineralogía
dc.subject.ddc540 - Química y ciencias afines::549 - Mineralogía
dc.subject.lccGeological timeeng
dc.subject.lembMineralogíaspa
dc.subject.lembMineralogyeng
dc.subject.lembGeoquímicaspa
dc.subject.lembGeochemistryeng
dc.subject.otherRutilo -- Estudios geológicosspa
dc.subject.otherPegmatita meteorizada -- Estudios geológicoseng
dc.subject.proposalMineralogíaspa
dc.subject.proposalGeocronologíaspa
dc.subject.proposalRutilo-(Nb,Ta)spa
dc.subject.proposalMonacitaspa
dc.subject.proposalXenotimaspa
dc.subject.proposalColumbita-tantalitaspa
dc.subject.proposalCasiteritaspa
dc.subject.proposalMineralogyspa
dc.subject.proposalGeochronologyeng
dc.subject.proposalRutile-(Nb,Ta)eng
dc.subject.proposalMonaziteeng
dc.subject.proposalXenotimeeng
dc.subject.proposalColumbite-tantaliteeng
dc.subject.proposalCassiteriteeng
dc.subject.proposalColombiaeng
dc.subject.proposalAmazonian Cratoneng
dc.subject.wikidataGranitoidespa
dc.subject.wikidataGranitoideng
dc.subject.wikidataMesoproterozoicospa
dc.subject.wikidataMesoproterozoiceng
dc.subject.wikidataDatación radiométricaspa
dc.subject.wikidataRadiometric datingeng
dc.titleMineralogy and geochronology of Nb-rutile, columbite-tantalite and REE minerals, associated with anorogenic granites from the Mesoproterozoic in eastern Colombia: evidence for their origin and implications for the dating of pegmatites and mineralizing events in the NW of the Amazonian Cratoneng
dc.title.translatedMineralogía y geocronología de Nb-rutilos, columbitas-tantalitas y minerales REE, asociados a granitos anorogénicos del Mesoproterozoico al E de Colombia: evidencias de su origen e implicaciones en la datación de pegmatitas y eventos mineralizantes al NW del Cratón Amazónicospa
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Doctorado
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.contentText
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TD
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEstudiantes
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentMaestros
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadores
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentPúblico general
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2

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