Estudio biomecánico de la articulación coxofemoral con y sin displasia de cadera mediante el método de los elementos finitos
dc.contributor.advisor | Narváez Tovar, Carlos Alberto | spa |
dc.contributor.advisor | López Vaca, Oscar Rodrigo | spa |
dc.contributor.author | Homez Lopez, Oswaldo Iván | spa |
dc.contributor.researchgroup | Modelado y Métodos Numéricos en Ingeniería (GNUM) | spa |
dc.date.accessioned | 2025-09-12T20:13:22Z | |
dc.date.available | 2025-09-12T20:13:22Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2025-04-21 | |
dc.description | ilustraciones, diagramas, fotografías | spa |
dc.description.abstract | La displasia del desarrollo de cadera es una patología biomecánica que altera la morfología y función de la articulación coxofemoral. Comprender su impacto en la biomecánica de la cadera es fundamental para desarrollar estrategias de diagnóstico y tratamiento. En este estudio, se analizó la biomecánica de la articulación coxofemoral con y sin displasia mediante reconstrucciones tridimensionales basadas en imágenes diagnósticas de infantes con una edad aproximada de 4 años, considerando variaciones en el índice acetabular y el ángulo centro-borde para representar distintos grados de displasia. Se desarrolló un modelo musculoesquelético para evaluar la distribución de esfuerzos y presiones en la cavidad acetabular, con especial énfasis en el comportamiento del cartílago trirradiado, mediante simulaciones por el método de elementos finitos. Los resultados indicaron que los modelos con valores patológicos de índice acetabular y ángulo centro-borde presentaron mayores concentraciones de esfuerzo en la región superior de la cavidad acetabular. Además, se identificó una reducción en la estimulación osteogénica en el frente de osificación ilion para valores patológicos, lo que podría afectar el desarrollo del acetábulo. Estos hallazgos permiten comprender mejor la relación entre la morfología acetabular y la mecanobiología del cartílago en pacientes con displasia de cadera, proporcionando una base para futuras investigaciones sobre la biomecánica de esta patología y su tratamiento. (Texto tomado de la fuente). | spa |
dc.description.abstract | Developmental dysplasia of the hip is a biomechanical pathology that alters the morphology and function of the coxofemoral joint. Understanding its impact on hip biomechanics is fundamental to develop diagnostic and treatment strategies. In this study, the biomechanics of the coxofemoral joint with and without dysplasia was analyzed using three-dimensional reconstructions based on diagnostic images of infants aged approximately 4 years, considering variations in acetabular index and center-edge angle to represent different degrees of dysplasia. A musculoskeletal model was developed to evaluate the distribution of stresses and contact pressure in the acetabular cavity, with special emphasis on the behavior of the triradiate cartilage, by means of finite element method simulations. The results indicated that the models with pathological values of acetabular index and center-edge angle presented higher stress concentrations in the superior region of the acetabular cavity. In addition, a reduction in osteogenic stimulation at the ilion osification front was identified for pathological values, which could affect the development of the acetabulum. These findings provide a better understanding of the relationship between acetabular morphology and cartilage mechanobiology in patients with hip dysplasia, providing a basis for future research on the biomechanics of this pathology and its treatment. | eng |
dc.description.degreelevel | Maestría | spa |
dc.description.degreename | Magíster en Ingeniería - Materiales y Procesos | spa |
dc.description.researcharea | Ingeniería biomecánica | spa |
dc.format.extent | xi, 90 páginas | spa |
dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | |
dc.identifier.instname | Universidad Nacional de Colombia | spa |
dc.identifier.reponame | Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia | spa |
dc.identifier.repourl | https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/ | spa |
dc.identifier.uri | https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/88749 | |
dc.language.iso | spa | |
dc.publisher | Universidad Nacional de Colombia | spa |
dc.publisher.branch | Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá | spa |
dc.publisher.department | Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica y Mecatrónica | spa |
dc.publisher.faculty | Facultad de Ingeniería | spa |
dc.publisher.place | Bogotá, Colombia | spa |
dc.publisher.program | Bogotá - Ingeniería - Maestría en Ingeniería - Materiales y Procesos | spa |
dc.relation.indexed | Bireme | spa |
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dc.rights.accessrights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | |
dc.rights.license | Atribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional | |
dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ | |
dc.subject.ddc | 610 - Medicina y salud::615 - Farmacología y terapéutica | spa |
dc.subject.ddc | 610 - Medicina y salud::616 - Enfermedades | spa |
dc.subject.decs | Análisis de Elementos Finitos | spa |
dc.subject.decs | Finite Element Analysis | eng |
dc.subject.decs | Displasia del Desarrollo de la Cadera | spa |
dc.subject.decs | Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip | eng |
dc.subject.decs | Fenómenos Biomecánicos | spa |
dc.subject.decs | Biomechanical Phenomena | eng |
dc.subject.proposal | Cartílago trirradiado | spa |
dc.subject.proposal | Displasia del desarrollo de cadera | spa |
dc.subject.proposal | Índice osteogénico | spa |
dc.subject.proposal | Modelo de elementos finitos | spa |
dc.subject.proposal | Índice acetabular | spa |
dc.subject.proposal | Ángulo centro-borde | spa |
dc.subject.proposal | Triradiate cartilage | eng |
dc.subject.proposal | Developmental dysplasia of the hip | eng |
dc.subject.proposal | Osteogenic index | eng |
dc.subject.proposal | Finite elements model | eng |
dc.subject.proposal | Acetabular index | eng |
dc.subject.proposal | Center-edge angle | eng |
dc.title | Estudio biomecánico de la articulación coxofemoral con y sin displasia de cadera mediante el método de los elementos finitos | spa |
dc.title.translated | Biomechanical study of the hip joint with and without hip dysplasia using the finite element method | eng |
dc.type | Trabajo de grado - Maestría | spa |
dc.type.coar | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc | |
dc.type.coarversion | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa | |
dc.type.content | Text | |
dc.type.driver | info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis | |
dc.type.redcol | http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM | |
dc.type.version | info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion | |
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Investigadores | spa |
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Público general | spa |
oaire.accessrights | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
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