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Predicción temprana de heladas en cultivos de altura, empleando métodos de aprendizaje de máquinas

dc.contributor.advisorCastañeda Sánchez, Darío Antonio
dc.contributor.advisorBranch Bedoya, John Willian
dc.contributor.authorCalderón Caro, Evelin
dc.contributor.orcidCalderón Caro, Evelin [0000-0002-9754-0905]spa
dc.contributor.researchgroupGidia: Grupo de Investigación y Desarrollo en Inteligencia Artificialspa
dc.date.accessioned2023-03-13T13:34:28Z
dc.date.available2023-03-13T13:34:28Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.descriptionilustraciones, diagramas, mapasspa
dc.description.abstractEn Colombia, muchos cultivos están ubicados en los altiplanos de las regiones andinas, en altitudes superiores a 2.500 m s.n.m, donde se concentra la mayor susceptibilidad a la ocurrencia de eventos de heladas. El objetivo de este estudio fue proponer un modelo de predicción temprana de heladas basado en la relación entre estos eventos y variables climáticas, mediante la implementación de algoritmos de aprendizaje de máquinas. Las variables climáticas se obtuvieron a partir de trece estaciones meteorológicas distribuidas en nueve municipios del departamento de Cundinamarca. Las variables registradas fueron la temperatura, humedad relativa, punto de rocío, radiación fotosintéticamente activa y precipitación, estas constituyeron las variables explicativas de los eventos de heladas. Las métricas utilizadas para la evaluación predictiva del rendimiento de los cinco métodos de aprendizaje de máquinas examinados fueron precisión, tasa de verdaderos positivos, tasa de verdaderos negativos, exactitud y puntuación F1. Se identificó que las horas previas a la ocurrencia de un evento de helada se caracterizan por presentar baja humedad, bajo punto de rocío y alta radiación. Cuatro de los cinco modelos entrenados se desempeñaron satisfactoriamente, con métricas de evaluación superiores al 91 %. La validación cruzada y el análisis estadístico demostraron que el modelo de potenciación del gradiente para la detección de heladas presentó la mayor precisión. Adicionalmente, se evaluaron dos modelos para la predicción de la temperatura mínima y se encontraron métricas de error (error medio absoluto y error cuadrático medio) inferiores a 0,55 °C para una ventana de tiempo de una hora. (Texto tomado de la fuente)spa
dc.description.abstractIn Colombia, many crops are located in the highlands of the Andean region, at altitudes above 2,500 m a.s.l., where the greatest susceptibility to the occurrence of frost events is concentrated. The objective of this study was to propose an early frost prediction model based on the relationship between these events and climatic variables, through the implementation of machine learning algorithms. The climatic variables were obtained from thirteen meteorological stations distributed in nine municipalities of the department of Cundinamarca. The variables recorded were temperature, relative humidity, dew point, photosynthetically active radiation, and precipitation, these constituted the explanatory variables of frost events. The metrics used for the predictive evaluation of the performance of the five machine learning methods examined were precision, true positive rate, true negative rate, accuracy, and F1 score. It was identified that the hours prior to the occurrence of a frost event were characterized by low humidity, low dew point and high radiation. Four of the five trained models performed satisfactorily, with evaluation metrics greater than 91 %. Cross-validation and statistical analysis showed that the gradient boosting model for frost detection had the highest accuracy. Additionally, two models for the prediction of the minimum temperature were evaluated and error metrics (mean absolute error and mean square error) of less than 0.55 °C were found for one hour time window.eng
dc.description.curricularareaÁrea Curricular de Ingeniería de Sistemas e Informáticaspa
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagister en Ingeniería - Analíticaspa
dc.description.researchareaInteligencia Artificialspa
dc.format.extentxvii, 101 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/83615
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Medellínspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Minasspa
dc.publisher.placeMedellín, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programMedellín - Minas - Maestría en Ingeniería - Analíticaspa
dc.relation.indexedRedColspa
dc.relation.indexedLaReferenciaspa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/spa
dc.subject.agrovocTecnología agrícolaspa
dc.subject.ddc000 - Ciencias de la computación, información y obras generalesspa
dc.subject.ddc630 - Agricultura y tecnologías relacionadas::631 - Técnicas específicas, aparatos, equipos, materialesspa
dc.subject.lembAgricultura - Tecnología apropiadaspa
dc.subject.proposalPronósticospa
dc.subject.proposalRedes neuronales artificialesspa
dc.subject.proposalTemperatura mínimaspa
dc.subject.proposalVariables climáticasspa
dc.subject.proposalForecasteng
dc.subject.proposalArtificial neural networkseng
dc.subject.proposalMinimum temperatureeng
dc.subject.proposalClimatic variableseng
dc.titlePredicción temprana de heladas en cultivos de altura, empleando métodos de aprendizaje de máquinasspa
dc.title.translatedEarly prediction of Frost events in high altitude crops, using machine learning methodseng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TMspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEstudiantesspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadoresspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentMaestrosspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentPúblico generalspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa
oaire.fundernameSoluciones Wiga S.A.Sspa
oaire.fundernameGrowers Hub Tradingspa

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