Impacto de un programa de actividad física basado en la secuencia de desarrollo sobre las funciones ejecutivas en niños y niñas de 3 a 4 años

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dc.contributor.advisorOcampo Plazas, Mary Luz
dc.contributor.authorRomero Rivera, Angie Natalia
dc.date.accessioned2022-08-16T14:11:47Z
dc.date.available2022-08-16T14:11:47Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.descriptionfotografías a color, gráficas, ilustraciones, tablasspa
dc.description.abstractLa primera infancia ha sido considerada un periodo crítico en el desarrollo del cerebro debido ala maduración de estructuras y circuitos destinados a la adquisición de conductas y habilidades como pilares que marcaran una trayectoria importante en la vida posterior. Este desarrollo ha estado trazado por oportunidades que buscan optimizar las funciones cerebrales, donde la actividad física (AF) ha demostrado tener una influencia positiva en las funciones ejecutivas (FE) específicamente en: control inhibitorio (CI), memoria de trabajo (MT) y flexibilidad cognitiva (FC) y jugando el contexto un papel importante en los procesos de formación y aprendizaje. Se diseñó un estudio longitudinal con 33 sujetos entre 3-4 años, los cuales se dividieron aleatoriamente en tres grupos: a) intervención de programa de AF más retos cognitivos, b) intervención de retos cognitivos, c) control, se realizó previa caracterización sociodemográfica, se midieron los niveles de AF mediante acelerometría y la condición de las FE con pruebas psicológicas antes y después de la intervención la cual tuvo una duración de 12 semanas. Las FE evaluadas mejoraron significativamente y existió una tendencia más marcada para los grupos experimentales en comparación con el control, además existen fuertes correlaciones con las variables de nivel educativo de los padres, estrato socioeconómico e ingresos familiares. Se concluye que el programa de AF y los retos cognitivos son experiencias que impactan positivamente la condición del CI, la MT y la FC, requiriendo que este tipo de intervenciones sean diseñadas acorde al contexto sociodemográfico y por profesionales expertos en la secuencia del desarrollo de los niños y las niñas. (Texto tomado de la fuente)spa
dc.description.abstractEarly childhood has been considered a critical period in the development of the brain due to the maturation of structures and circuits destined for the acquisition of behaviors and abilities as pillars that will mark an important trajectory in later life. This development has been traced by opportunities that seek to optimize brain functions, where physical activity (PA) has been shown to have a positive influence on executive functions (EF) specifically in: inhibitory control (IC), working memory (WM) and cognitive flexibility (CF) and where the context plays an important role in the training and learning processes. A longitudinal study was suggested with 33 subjects between 3-4 years old, who were randomly divided into three groups: a) PA program intervention plus cognitive challenges, b) cognitive challenges intervention, c) control, prior sociodemographic characterization was carried out , PA levels were measured by accelerometry and the condition of the EF with psychological tests before and after the intervention, which lasted 12 weeks. The three evaluated functions improved significantly and there was a more marked trend for the experimental groups compared to the control, in addition there are strong correlations with the variables of educational level of the parents, socioeconomic status and family income. It is concluded that the physical activity program and cognitive challenges are experiences that positively impact the condition of inhibitory control, working memory and cognitive flexibility, requiring that this type of intervention be consistent with the sociodemographic context and by expert professionals in the sequence of the development of boys and girls. (Text taken from the source)eng
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Fisioterapia del Deporte y la Actividad Físicaspa
dc.description.researchareaFisioterapia del Deporte y la Actividad Físicaspa
dc.format.extentxvi, 127 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/81908
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotáspa
dc.publisher.departmentDepartamento de Movimiento Corporal Humanospa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Medicinaspa
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Medicina - Maestría en Fisioterapia del Deporte y la Actividad Físicaspa
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dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/spa
dc.subject.ddc370 - Educaciónspa
dc.subject.ddc610 - Medicina y saludspa
dc.subject.proposalFunciones ejecutivasspa
dc.subject.proposalActividad físicaspa
dc.subject.proposalDesarrollospa
dc.subject.proposalPrimera infanciaspa
dc.subject.proposalFisioterapiaspa
dc.subject.proposalEducaciónspa
dc.subject.proposalExecutive functionseng
dc.subject.proposalSociodemographic variableseng
dc.subject.proposalPhysical activityeng
dc.subject.proposalDevelopmenteng
dc.subject.proposalEarly childhoodeng
dc.subject.proposalPhysical therapyeng
dc.subject.proposalEducationeng
dc.subject.proposalVariables sociodemográficasspa
dc.titleImpacto de un programa de actividad física basado en la secuencia de desarrollo sobre las funciones ejecutivas en niños y niñas de 3 a 4 añosspa
dc.title.translatedImpact of a physical activity program based on the developmental sequence on the executive functions in boys and girls from 3 to 4 years oldeng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
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dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEstudiantesspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadoresspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentMaestrosspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentPadres y familiasspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentPersonal de apoyo escolarspa
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