Evaluación de las propiedades físicas y químicas de la cáscara de pitahaya como una potencial materia prima para el desarrollo de un suplemento dietario

dc.contributor.advisorGil González, Jesús Humberto
dc.contributor.advisorSalamanca Mejía, Constain Hugo
dc.contributor.authorMesa González, Alejandra
dc.contributor.orcidGil González, Jesús Humberto [0000-0003-4653-1360]
dc.contributor.orcidSalamanca Mejía, Constain Hugo [0000-0003-1587-5371]
dc.contributor.researchgroupBioalimentos
dc.date.accessioned2025-09-02T18:03:26Z
dc.date.available2025-09-02T18:03:26Z
dc.date.issued2025-09-02
dc.descriptionIlustraciones, fotografíasspa
dc.description.abstractEsta investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar las propiedades fisicoquímicas, el contenido de fibra y compuestos bioactivos en la cáscara de pitahaya Hylocereus megalanthus fresca y en harinas obtenidas mediante dos métodos de secado: horno convectivo (PSC) y ventana refractiva (PSV) para determinar su viabilidad como materia prima en el desarrollo de un suplemento dietario. Además, se realizó la extracción de pectina a partir de la harina PSC. La caracterización fisicoquímica incluyó la evaluación de pH, acidez titulable, humedad, y grados Brix, mientras que los compuestos bioactivos analizados fueron flavonoides, carotenoides, y fenoles totales. Los resultados mostraron que el contenido de fibra dietaria total aumentó de 55 g/100 g en la cáscara fresca a 64 g/100 g en ambas harinas, debido al procesamiento. El contenido de carotenoides disminuyó en más de un 80% en ambos secados con respecto a la cáscara fresca (4,93 g/100 g), con una reducción mayor en la PSC (0.785 g/100 g) en comparación con PSV (0.891 g/100 g). Sin embargo, el secado por horno logró mayor retención de flavonoides (0,471 g eq. Catequina/100 g) frente al secado por ventanas (0,324 g eq. Catequina/100 g). Además, el análisis del tamaño de partícula reveló una mejor fluidez en PSV, con índices de Carr y relaciones de Hausner de 19.4% y 1.24, respectivamente. Se concluye que el método de secado influye en algunas características del material pulverulento obtenido de la cascara de pitahaya, especialmente en la preservación de compuestos bioactivos, la fluidez de la harina y su color. Sin embargo, ninguno de los métodos evaluados mostró un desempeño claramente superior al otro. (Tomado de la fuente)spa
dc.description.abstractThis research aimed to evaluate the physicochemical properties, fiber content, and bioactive compounds in fresh pitahaya (Hylocereus megalanthus) peel and flours obtained by two drying methods: convective oven (PSC) and refractive window (PSV) to determine their viability as raw material for the development of a dietary supplement. In addition, pectin was extracted from the PSC flour. The physicochemical characterization included the evaluation of pH, titratable acidity, humidity, and Brix degrees, while the bioactive compounds analyzed were flavonoids, carotenoids, and total phenols. The results showed that the total dietary fiber content increased from 55 g/100 g in the fresh peel to 64 g/100 g in both flours, due to processing. Carotenoid content decreased by more than 80% in both drying processes compared to fresh pitahaya peel (4.93 g/100 g), with a greater reduction in PSC (0.785 g/100 g) compared to PSV (0.891 g/100 g). However, oven drying achieved greater flavonoid retention (0.471 g eq. Catechin/100 g) compared to window drying (0.324 g eq. Catechin/100 g). Furthermore, particle size analysis revealed better fluidity in PSV, with Carr indices and Hausner ratios of 19.4% and 1.24, respectively. It is concluded that the drying method influences some characteristics of the powdered material obtained from pitahaya peel, especially the preservation of bioactive compounds, flour fluidity, and color. However, neither of the methods evaluated showed clearly superior performance to the other.eng
dc.description.curricularareaAgro Ingeniería Y Alimentos.Sede Medellín
dc.description.degreelevelMaestría
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos
dc.description.researchareaAplicaciones de metabolitos secundarios
dc.format.extent75 páginas
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/88550
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Medellín
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ciencias Agrarias
dc.publisher.placeMedellín, Colombia
dc.publisher.programMedellín - Ciencias Agrarias - Maestría en Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos
dc.relation.indexedLaReferencia
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
dc.subject.ddc630 - Agricultura y tecnologías relacionadas
dc.subject.lembPitahaya - Alimentos
dc.subject.lembSuplementos dietéticos
dc.subject.lembCompuestos bioactivos
dc.subject.proposalCáscara de pitahayaspa
dc.subject.proposalValorización de subproductosspa
dc.subject.proposalFibra dietariaspa
dc.subject.proposalCompuestos bioactivosspa
dc.subject.proposalSecado por ventana refractivaspa
dc.subject.proposalPitahaya peeleng
dc.subject.proposalValorization of by-productseng
dc.subject.proposalDietary fibereng
dc.subject.proposalBioactive compoundseng
dc.subject.proposalRefractive window dryingeng
dc.titleEvaluación de las propiedades físicas y químicas de la cáscara de pitahaya como una potencial materia prima para el desarrollo de un suplemento dietariospa
dc.title.translatedEvaluation of the physical and chemical properties of pitahaya peel as a potential raw material for the development of a dietary supplementeng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestría
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.contentText
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEstudiantes
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadores
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentMaestros
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