Efectos del consumo de bebidas comerciales de avena y almendra previo a un esfuerzo físico de resistencia sobre el rendimiento de ciclistas juveniles masculinos altamente entrenados

dc.contributor.advisorGuerrero Orjuela, Ligia Stella
dc.contributor.authorPlazas Gómez, Andrés Julián
dc.contributor.researchgroupAlimentación y Nutrición Humana
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-10T18:29:50Z
dc.date.available2026-02-10T18:29:50Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.descriptionilustraciones a color, diagramas, fotografías, tablasspa
dc.description.abstractIntroducción: El rendimiento en deportes de resistencia depende de la integración de diversos factores fisiológicos y nutricionales. En el ciclismo, la utilización óptima de sustratos energéticos, la eficiencia cardiovascular y la capacidad neuromuscular son determinantes para alcanzar altos niveles de rendimiento. Las intervenciones nutricionales con bebidas vegetales se han propuesto como estrategias para mejorar estos aspectos, ya que pueden influir en la disponibilidad de energía y en la tolerancia gastrointestinal durante el ejercicio. Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto del consumo de bebidas comerciales de avena y almendra previo a un esfuerzo físico de resistencia sobre el rendimiento de ciclistas juveniles masculinos altamente entrenados. Metodología: 8 ciclistas completaron todas las fases del estudio, aplicándose rigurosos criterios de inclusión y exclusión basados en la adherencia al protocolo, entrenamiento gastrointestinal (GI) y estabilidad física. El estudio se desarrolló en tres sesiones experimentales. En la primera sesión (basal), los participantes realizaron pruebas de umbral funcional de potencia (FTP) y salto contra movimiento (CMJ por su siglas en inglés), sin consumo de bebida ni recolección de marcadores bioquímicos. En la segunda y tercera sesión, se repitieron las pruebas de FTP y CMJ bajo condiciones de restricción alimentaria controlada. Durante la prueba FTP, se tomaron muestras capilares de glucosa y lactato en cinco momentos. Además, se evaluaron síntomas gastrointestinales (GI) antes del inicio y al finalizar la prueba de CMJ. La asignación de las bebidas de intervención (avena o almendra) se realizó de forma aleatorizada. Resultados: En el análisis global de FTP, las variables de Tasa de Trabajo, Potencia Relativa, Potencia Normalizada y Frecuencia Cardíaca no presentaron diferencias significativas entre las condiciones basal, bebida de almendra y bebida de avena. No obstante, se observó una tendencia a mejorar la Potencia Máxima (PotMax) y el Factor de Eficiencia (FactEf) con la bebida de avena. Los datos de CMJ (Vuelo, Altura y Velocidad) fueron similares en las condiciones con bebida y basal. Se detectaron diferencias significativas entre los saltos iniciales y finales, reflejando efectos del protocolo de ejercicio, pero la intervención nutricional no alteró de forma directa la capacidad explosiva evaluada. Tanto los niveles de glucosa como los de lactato se mantuvieron estables o mostraron una progresión típica durante la prueba FTP. La mayoría de los ciclistas no presentó síntomas adversos; los pocos casos reportados se atribuyeron a la ingesta rápida de la bebida, lo que pudo estar influenciado por el entrenamiento GI previo que permitió a los deportistas adaptarse a la ingesta acelerada de líquidos densos. Se tuvo en cuenta el estadio de maduración por medio del pico de velocidad de crecimiento (PVC) de los participantes al contextualizar la variabilidad interindividual en las respuestas. Conclusión: La ingesta de bebida de avena se mostró segura y potencialmente beneficiosa para ciclistas jóvenes entrenados: no comprometió la estabilidad del rendimiento ni la respuesta metabólica (glucosa y lactato permanecieron estables) y evidenció tendencias favorables en PotMax y FactEf durante esfuerzos intensos; sin embargo, estas conclusiones son preliminares y deben interpretarse considerando las diferencias temporales en la respuesta glucémica de las bebidas y el estadio de maduración y PVC de los participantes. (Texto tomado de la fuente)spa
dc.description.abstractIntroduction: Performance in endurance sports depends on the integration of various physiological and nutritional factors. In cycling, optimal utilization of energy substrates, cardiovascular efficiency, and neuromuscular capacity are crucial for achieving high levels of performance. Nutritional interventions with plant-based beverages have been proposed as strategies to improve these aspects, as they can influence energy availability and gastrointestinal tolerance during exercise. Objective: To evaluate the effect of consuming commercial oat and almond drinks prior to endurance exercise on the performance of highly trained junior male cyclists. Methodology: 8 cyclists completed all phases of the study, with rigorous inclusion and exclusion criteria based on protocol adherence, gastrointestinal (GI) training, and physical stability. The study was conducted in three experimental sessions. In the first (baseline) session, participants performed functional threshold power (FTP) and counter-movement jump (CMJ) tests without drinking or collecting biomarkers. In the second and third sessions, the FTP and CMJ tests were repeated under controlled food restriction conditions. During the FTP test, capillary glucose and lactate samples were collected at five time points. In addition, gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms were assessed before the start and at the end of the CMJ test. Participants were randomly assigned to the intervention beverages (oat or almond). Results: In the overall FTP analysis, the Work Rate, Relative Power, Normalized Power, and Heart Rate variables did not present significant differences between the basal, almond, and oat conditions. However, a trend toward improved Maximum Power (PotMax) and Efficiency Factor (FactEf) was observed with the oat drink. CMJ (Flight, Height, and Velocity) data were similar between the oat drink and basal conditions. Significant differences were detected between the initial and final jumps, reflecting the effects of the exercise protocol, but the nutritional intervention did not directly alter the assessed explosive capacity. Both glucose and lactate levels remained stable or showed a typical progression during the FTP test. Most cyclists did not present adverse symptoms; the few reported cases were attributed to the rapid ingestion of the drink, which could have been influenced by prior GI training, which allowed the athletes to adapt to the accelerated ingestion of dense liquids. The stage of maturation was considered through the peak height velocity (PHV) of the participants to contextualize the interindividual variability in the responses. Conclusion: Oat beverage ingestion was shown to be safe and potentially beneficial for young, trained cyclists: it did not compromise performance stability or metabolic response (glucose and lactate remained stable) and showed favorable trends in PotMax and FactEf during intense efforts; however, these conclusions are preliminary and should be interpreted considering the temporal differences in glycemic response to the beverages and the maturation stage and PHV of the participants.eng
dc.description.degreelevelMaestría
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Fisioterapia del Deporte y la Actividad Física
dc.description.researchareaNutrición, actividad física y deporte
dc.format.extentxvii, 139 páginas
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/89457
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
dc.publisher.departmentDepartamento de Movimiento Corporal Humanospa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Medicina
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombia
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Medicina - Maestría en Fisioterapia del Deporte y la Actividad Física
dc.relation.indexedBireme
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
dc.subject.ddc790 - Deportes, juegos y entretenimiento::796 - Deportes y juegos al aire libre y deportivos
dc.subject.ddc610 - Medicina y salud::612 - Fisiología humana
dc.subject.proposalRendimiento deportivospa
dc.subject.proposalSports performanceeng
dc.subject.proposalBebida vegetalspa
dc.subject.proposalVegetable beverageeng
dc.subject.proposalAvenaspa
dc.subject.proposalOateng
dc.subject.proposalAlmendraspa
dc.subject.proposalAlmondeng
dc.subject.proposalCiclismospa
dc.subject.proposalCyclingeng
dc.subject.proposalFTPeng
dc.subject.proposalCMJeng
dc.subject.proposalPVCspa
dc.subject.proposalPHVeng
dc.subject.proposalNutrición deportivaspa
dc.subject.proposalSports nutritioneng
dc.subject.proposalGlucosaspa
dc.subject.proposalGlucoseeng
dc.subject.proposalLactatospa
dc.subject.proposalLactateeng
dc.subject.proposalSíntomas gastrointestinalesspa
dc.subject.proposalGastrointestinal symptomseng
dc.subject.unescoAnálisis bioquímicospa
dc.subject.unescoBiochemical analysiseng
dc.subject.unescoEfectos fisiológicosspa
dc.subject.unescoPhysiological effectseng
dc.subject.unescoAtletaspa
dc.subject.unescoAthleteseng
dc.titleEfectos del consumo de bebidas comerciales de avena y almendra previo a un esfuerzo físico de resistencia sobre el rendimiento de ciclistas juveniles masculinos altamente entrenadosspa
dc.title.translatedEffects of consumption of commercial oat and almond beverages prior to endurance exertion on the performance of highly trained male juvenile cyclistseng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestría
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.contentText
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadores
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2

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EFECTOS DEL CONSUMO DE BEBIDAS COMERCIALES DE AVENA Y ALMENDRA PREVIO A UN ESFUERZO FÍSICO DE RESISTENCIA SOBRE EL RENDIMIENTO DE CICLISTAS JUVENILES MASCULINOS ALTAMENTE ENTRENADOS.pdf
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Tesis de Maestría en Fisioterapia del Deporte y la Actividad Física

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