Caracterización de la microbiota de Aedes aegypti recolectados en Boyacá : estudio comparativo entre especímenes de campo y adaptados a condiciones de cría en el laboratorio

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dc.contributor.advisorRamírez González, Juan David
dc.contributor.advisorMuñoz Díaz, Marina
dc.contributor.authorSánchez Amézquita, Abelgie Camila
dc.contributor.cvlacAbelgie Camila Sánchez 0000128321
dc.coverage.countryColombia
dc.coverage.regionBoyacá
dc.date.accessioned2025-12-05T19:32:30Z
dc.date.available2025-12-05T19:32:30Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.descriptionilustraciones a color, diagramas, fotografías, mapasspa
dc.description.abstractEl control de Aedes aegypti, principal vector de arbovirosis a nivel mundial y presente en más del 90 % del territorio colombiano, es una prioridad en salud pública ante la ausencia de tratamientos específicos. La expansión de su rango geográfico impulsada por el cambio climático (especialmente en zonas andinas como Boyacá) acentúa la necesidad de desarrollar nuevas estrategias de control. En este contexto, la microbiota del mosquito emerge como un factor clave que modula su biología y competencia vectorial, representando un blanco prometedor para intervenciones innovadoras. Sin embargo, en poblaciones colombianas, se conoce poco sobre su composición microbiana y los cambios que sufre en condiciones de laboratorio. Esta tesis tuvo como objetivo caracterizar y comparar las comunidades bacterianas y microeucariotas de Aedes aegypti bajo tres condiciones: poblaciones silvestres de cuatro municipios de Boyacá (recolectadas entre febrero y mayo de 2024), sus descendientes adaptados al laboratorio y la cepa de referencia Rockefeller. El perfilamiento microbiano se realizó mediante secuenciación de los genes ARNr-16S y -18S con tecnología Oxford Nanopore, en muestras negativas para DENV y CHIKV. Los resultados revelaron que, aunque no hubo diferencias significativas en la diversidad alfa entre mosquitos de campo y de laboratorio, sí se observaron diferencias en la diversidad beta. En las colonias de laboratorio se encontró un enriquecimiento de géneros como Pseudomonas, lo que sugiere un proceso de selección ambiental. A pesar de estas variaciones, se identificó un núcleo microbiano resiliente compartido entre los tres grupos, conformado por siete especies clave: Cutibacterium acnes, Dechloromonas hortensis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Caldimonas brevitalea, Acinetobacter soli, Chryseobacterium indologenes y Pseudomonas putida, lo que sugiere una posible transmisión transestadial. Además, se detectó el parásito Ascogregarina culicis en insectos silvestres lo cual puede ser crucial para la transmisión de arbovirus como el Chikungunya. Este estudio constituye el primer perfil comparativo de la microbiota de Ae. aegypti en Boyacá, y evidencia las diferencias entre la comunidad microbiana silvestre y la adaptada al laboratorio. El componente bacteriano identificado representa un conjunto de posibles simbiontes estables con alto potencial para estudios funcionales futuros, orientados a comprender su rol en la biología del vector y su posible aplicación en estrategias innovadoras de control (Texto tomado de la fuente).spa
dc.description.abstractThe control of Aedes aegypti, the primary vector of arboviral diseases worldwide and present in more than 90% of Colombian territory, is a public health priority in the absence of specific treatments. The expansion of its geographic range driven by climate change (particularly in Andean regions such as Boyacá) underscores the need to develop new control strategies. In this context, the mosquito’s microbiota emerges as a key factor that modulates its biology and vector competence, representing a promising target for innovative interventions. However, in Colombian populations, little is known about its microbial composition and the changes it undergoes under laboratory conditions. This thesis aimed to characterize and compare the bacterial and microeukaryotic communities of Aedes aegypti under three conditions: wild populations from four municipalities in Boyacá (collected between February and May 2024), their laboratory-adapted descendants, and the Rockefeller reference strain. Microbial profiling was performed by sequencing the 16S- and 18S-rRNA genes using Oxford Nanopore technology, in samples negative for DENV and CHIKV. The results revealed that, although no significant differences in alpha diversity were observed between field and laboratory mosquitoes, significant differences in beta diversity were detected. Laboratory colonies showed an enrichment of genera such as Pseudomonas, suggesting an environmental selection process. Despite these variations, a resilient core microbiota was identified and shared among the three groups, composed of seven key species: Cutibacterium acnes, Dechloromonas hortensis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Caldimonas brevitalea, Acinetobacter soli, Chryseobacterium indologenes, and Pseudomonas putida, suggesting possible transstadial transmission. In addition, the parasite Ascogregarina culicis was detected in wild insects, which could play a crucial role in the transmission of arboviruses such as Chikungunya. This study constitutes the first comparative profile of the microbiota of Ae. aegypti in Boyacá, highlighting differences between wild and laboratory-adapted microbial communities. The bacterial component identified represents a set of potentially stable symbionts with high potential for future functional studies aimed at understanding their role in vector biology and their possible application in innovative control strategies.eng
dc.description.degreelevelMaestría
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Ciencias-Biotecnología
dc.description.methodsLos mosquitos de la cepa Rockefeller fueron suministrados por el Laboratorio de Biología y Control de Enfermedades Infecciosas (BCEI) de la Universidad de Antioquia, los cuales llevan en condición de laboratorio en Medellín desde el año 2006. Fueron criados en condiciones de temperatura de 28°C, humedad relativa de 80%, alimentados con sangre de ratón de laboratorio una vez a la semana por aproximadamente 20 minutos, y agua azucarada al 10% de 2 a 3 días por semana. Adicionalmente, se recolectaron 48h después de emerger como adultos y no fueron alimentados con sangre previo al envío al laboratorio de Microbiología de la Universidad del Rosario (Bogotá) en medio RNAlater, una vez allí, fueron almacenados a -40°C para su posterior procesamiento. En los municipios de Puerto Boyacá, Otanche, Muzo y Moniquirá, se visitaron entre 15 y 30 casas hasta recolectar de 30 a 40 individuos adultos de mosquitos Aedes spp. e inmaduros (larvas y pupas), un aproximado de 200 por municipio, para establecer las colonias de los respectivos municipios. La recolección se realizó con el acompañamiento del personal involucrado en programas de enfermedades transmitidas por vectores de la Secretaría de Salud de Boyacá entre febrero y mayo de 2024.
dc.format.extentxvi, 115 páginas
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/89188
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ciencias
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombia
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Ciencias - Maestría en Ciencias - Biotecnología
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.licenseReconocimiento 4.0 Internacional
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subject.ddc570 - Biología
dc.subject.ddc570 - Biología::577 - Ecología
dc.subject.ddc590 - Animales::592 - Invertebrados
dc.subject.ddc590 - Animales::595 - Artrópodos
dc.subject.ddc610 - Medicina y salud::616 - Enfermedades
dc.subject.lembMOSQUITOSspa
dc.subject.lembMosquitoeseng
dc.subject.lembINSECTOS VECTORESspa
dc.subject.lembInsects as carriers of diseaseeng
dc.subject.lembENFERMEDADES TRANSMISIBLESspa
dc.subject.lembCommunicable diseaseseng
dc.subject.lembMOSQUITOS-CONTROLspa
dc.subject.lembMosquitoes - Controleng
dc.subject.lembSALUD PUBLICAspa
dc.subject.lembPublic healtheng
dc.subject.proposalAedes aegyptispa
dc.subject.proposalMicrobiotaspa
dc.subject.proposalTransmisiónspa
dc.subject.proposalCampospa
dc.subject.proposalLaboratoriospa
dc.subject.proposalRockefellerspa
dc.subject.proposalMicroeucariotasspa
dc.subject.proposalLaboratoryeng
dc.subject.proposalMicroeukaryoteseng
dc.subject.proposalchangeseng
dc.subject.proposalchangeseng
dc.titleCaracterización de la microbiota de Aedes aegypti recolectados en Boyacá : estudio comparativo entre especímenes de campo y adaptados a condiciones de cría en el laboratoriospa
dc.title.translatedCharacterization of the microbiota of Aedes aegypti collected in Boyacá : a comparative study between field specimens and specimens adapted to laboratory breeding conditionseng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestría
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.contentText
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEstudiantes
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadores
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentMaestros
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentPúblico general
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
oaire.awardtitleCaracterización de la microbiota de mosquitos Aedes aegypti recolectados en Boyacá: Estudio comparativo entre especímenes de campo y adaptados a condiciones de cría en el laboratorio

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