Estructura y función de peces herbívoros, Scaridae, en zonas arrecifales de San Andrés una isla oceánica en el Caribe
dc.contributor.advisor | Santos Martinez, Adriana | |
dc.contributor.advisor | Cupul-Magaña, Amilcar | |
dc.contributor.author | Castaño Giraldo, Diana Carolina | |
dc.contributor.researchgroup | Grupo de estudios ambientales del Caribe | spa |
dc.date.accessioned | 2025-07-01T22:02:41Z | |
dc.date.available | 2025-07-01T22:02:41Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2025-06-27 | |
dc.description.abstract | Los peces loro (familia Scaridae), son cruciales para la salud y equilibrio de los arrecifes de coral debido a su función de herbivoría y el control de las macroalgas. La comprensión de su composición y estructura es crucial para evaluar su impacto ecológico y orientar estrategias de conservación. A pesar de su importancia ecológica estas comunidades se han visto diezmadas. En el presente estudio se analizó su abundancia, biomasa y distribución de tallas y su relación con el hábitat. Se utilizaron censos visuales de 2013 a 2019, en cuatro sitios alrededor de la isla de San Andrés. Se registraron 18.676 peces, de los cuales el 16,7% correspondió a la familia Scaridae con 11 especies, siendo Scarus coelestinus la única ausente. Las especies más abundantes fueron Scarus taeniopterus, Scarus iseri, Sparisoma aurofrenatum y Sparisoma viride. Las especies de tallas grandes (Scarus guacamaia, Scarus coeruleus) presentaron baja abundancia o ausencia en algunos sitios. Los valores de biomasa de herbívoros registrados fueron 2.872 g/100m2, por encima de valores que indican estado crítico de los arrecifes (< 990 gr/100m2). Se observaron diferencias significativas en patrones espaciales y temporales de peces loro, presentando una relación positiva entre la biomasa y la cobertura de corales y macroalgas. Los resultados sugieren que San Andrés ofrece diversos hábitats para estas especies; sin embargo, la reducción en tallas grandes podría estar comprometiendo su función en el ecosistema. Estos hallazgos proporcionan puntos de referencia clave para el diseño e implementación de estrategias de conservación efectivas para los peces loro (Texto tomado de la fuente). | spa |
dc.description.abstract | Parrotfish (family Scaridae) are crucial for the health and balance of coral reefs due to their herbivorous function and control of macroalgae. Understanding their composition and structure is crucial for assessing their ecological impact and guiding conservation strategies. Despite their ecological importance, these communities have been decimated. This study analyzed their abundance, biomass, size distribution, and their relationship with habitat. Visual censuses from 2013 to 2019 were conducted at four sites around the island of San Andrés. A total of 18,676 fish were recorded, of which 16.7% corresponded to the family Scaridae with 11 species, with Scarus coelestinus being the only absent species. The most abundant species were Scarus taeniopterus, Scarus iseri, Sparisoma aurofrenatum, and Sparisoma viride. Large-sized species (Scarus guacamaia, Scarus coeruleus) showed low abundance or absence in some sites. Herbivore biomass values recorded were 2,872 g/100m2, above values indicating critical reef status (<990 g/100m2). Significant differences were observed in spatial and temporal patterns of parrotfish, showing a positive relationship between biomass and coral and macroalgae coverage. The results suggest that San Andres offers diverse habitats for these species; however, the reduction in large sizes could compromise their function in the ecosystem. These findings provide key benchmarks for the design and implementation of effective conservation strategies for parrotfish | eng |
dc.description.curriculararea | Otra. Sede Caribe | spa |
dc.description.degreelevel | Maestría | spa |
dc.description.degreename | Magíster en Ciencias - Biología | spa |
dc.description.researcharea | Linea Biologia Marina | spa |
dc.format.extent | 51 paginas | spa |
dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | spa |
dc.identifier.instname | Universidad Nacional de Colombia | spa |
dc.identifier.reponame | Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia | spa |
dc.identifier.repourl | https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/ | spa |
dc.identifier.uri | https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/88265 | |
dc.language.iso | spa | spa |
dc.publisher | Universidad Nacional de Colombia | spa |
dc.publisher.branch | Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Caribe | spa |
dc.publisher.department | Centro de estudios en Ciencias del mar-CECIMAR | spa |
dc.publisher.faculty | Facultad Caribe | spa |
dc.publisher.place | San Andrés Islas | spa |
dc.publisher.program | Caribe - Caribe - Maestría en Ciencias - Biología | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Abril-Howard A., Orozco C.T., Bolaños-Cubillos N. y Bent-Hooker H. 2012. Primera aproximación al conocimiento de las comunidades coralinas de los complejos arrecifales de Serranilla, Bajo Alicia y Bajo Nuevo-Colombia, sección norte de la Reserva de Biósfera Seaflower, Caribe occidental. Revista Ciencias Marinas Costeras 4:51–65 | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Abu-Taweel G.M., Al-Fifi Z., Abada E., Khemira H., Almalki G., Modafer Y., Khedher K.M., y Yaseen Z.M. 2023. Parrotfish: An overview of ecology, nutrition, and reproduction behaviour, Journal of King Saud University - Science, 35(7): 102778, ISSN 1018-3647, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksus.2023.102778. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Acero P., A., y Polanco F., A. 2017. Biodiversidad íctica de los mares colombianos: riqueza amenazada. Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, 41(159), 200–212. https://doi.org/10.18257/raccefyn.480 | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Adam T., Schmitt R., Holbrook S., Brooks A., Edmunds P., Carpenter R. y Bernardi G. 2001. Herbivory, Connectivity, and Ecosystem Resilience: Response of a Coral Reef to a Large-Scale Perturbation. PLoS ONE 6(8): e23717. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0023717. University of Western Australia, Zimbabwe. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Alvarado-Laverde A. M. y Santos-Martínez A. 2015. Cambios espacio-temporales de ensamblajes ícticos en arrecifes de la isla de San Andrés, Caribe colombiano. En: Campos, N. H. y A. Acero P. (eds.). 2015. Contribuciones en Ciencias del Mar de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia-2015. CECIMAR, Sede Caribe, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Santa Marta, 130 p. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Ariza A. y Santos-Martínez A. 2015. Ontogeny of Labridae Family in Shore Ecosystems in Seaflower Biosphere Reserve, Colombian Caribbean. Proceedings of the 67th Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute, GCFI November 3 - 7, 2014 Christ Church, Barbados. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Bellwood D. R. 1995. Carbonate transport and within-reef patterns of bioerosion and sediment release by parrotfishes (family Scaridae) on the Great Barrier Reef. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 117(1/3), 127–136. http://www.jstor.org/stable/44634825 | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Bolaños-Cubillos N., A. Abril-Howard, H. Bent-Hooker, J.P. Caldas y A. Acero P. 2015. Lista de peces conocidos del archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina, Reserva de Biosfera Seaflower, Caribe occidental colombiano. Bol. Invest. Mar. Cost., 44 (1): 127-162. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Burke L. y Maidens J. 2005. Arrecifes en peligro en el Caribe. World Resources Institute. Washington, D.C. 84 p. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Burke L., Reytar K., Spalding M.D. y Perry A. 2012. Reefs At Risk Revisited in the Coral Triangle. World Resources Institute, with USAID-Asia, Coral Triangle Initiative, Coral Triangle Support Partnership, The Nature Conservancy, WorldFish Center, UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre. 85 p. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Bruggemann H., Kuijper M. y Breeman A. 1994. Comparative analysis of foraging and habitat use by the sympatric Caribbean parrotfish Scarus vetula and Sparisoma viride (Scaridae). Marine Ecology Progress Series. 112. 51-66. 10.3354/meps112051. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Camacho R., Steele S., Challenger S. y Archibald M. 2020. Status of coral reefs in Antigua & Barbuda: using data to inform management. PeerJ 8:e9236 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9236 | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Carpenter R. 1986. Partitioning herbivory and its effects on coral reef algal communities. Institute of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia -USA. Ecological Monographs, 56(4). The Ecological Society of America. Ecological Monographs. 345-363 p. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Castaño D., Morales-de-Anda, D., Prato, J., Cupul-Magaña, A. L., Echeverry, J. P. y Santos-Martínez, A. 2021. Reef Structural Complexity Influences Fish Community Metrics on a Remote Oceanic Island: Serranilla Island, Seaflower Biosphere Reserve, Colombia. Oceans, 2(3), 611-623. https://doi.org/10.3390/oceans2030034 | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Chasqui L., Polanco A., Acero A., Mejía-Falla P., Navia A., Zapata L. y Caldas J. (Eds.). 2017. Libro rojo de peces marinos de Colombia. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras Invemar, Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible. Serie de Publicaciones Generales de INVEMAR # 93. Santa Marta, Colombia. 552 p. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Cheal A., Emslie M., Macneil M., Miller I., y Sweatman H. 2013. Spatial variation in the functional characteristics of herbivorous fish communities and the resilience of coral reefs. Australian Institute of Marine Science, PMB No. 3, Townsville, Queensland – Australia. Ecological Applications, 23(1). Por the Ecological Society of America. 174–188 p. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Colin P.L. 1978. Daily and summer—winter variation in mass spawning of the striped parrotfish, Scarus croicensis. U.S. Fishery Bulletin 76:117–124. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Colin P.L. y I.E. Clavijo. 1988. Spawning activity of fishes producing pelagic eggs on a shelf edge coral reef, southwestern Puerto Rico. Bulletin Marine Science 43:249–279. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • CORALINA. 2003. Archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina, una Reserva de la Biosfera en el Caribe colombiano. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • CORALINA. 2007. Plan de manejo del sistema regional de áreas marinas protegidas, componente biótico. http://www.coralina.gov.co/nuevositio/planificacion-institucional-y-ambiental/planes-de-manejo/plan-manejo-areas-marinas-protegidas | spa |
dc.relation.references | • CORALINA-INVEMAR 2010. Mapa de Ecosistemas Marinos. N° de mapa: SA029, escala 1:100.000. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • CORALINA-INVEMAR. 2012. Gómez-López, D. I., C. Segura-Quintero, P. C. Sierra-Correa y J. Garay-Tinoco (Eds). Atlas de la Reserva de Biósfera Seaflower. Archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras “José Benito Vives De Andréis” -INVEMAR- y Corporación para el Desarrollo Sostenible del Archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina -CORALINA-. Serie de Publicaciones Especiales de INVEMAR # 28. Santa Marta, Colombia 180 p. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Domeier M.L. y P.L. Colin. 1997. Tropical reef fish spawning aggregations: defined and reviewed. Bulletin of Marine Science 60:698–726. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Ferguson A., Harvey E. y Knott N. 2017. Herbivore abundance, grazing rates and feeding pathways on Australian temperate reefs inside and outside marine reserves: How are things on the west coast?. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 493, 49–56. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Froese R. y Pauly D. (Editors). 2000. FishBase 2000: concepts, design and data sources. ICLARM, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines. 344 p. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Froese R. y Pauly D. (Editors). 2023. FishBase. Scarus iseri (Bloch, 1789). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=276052 on 2023-11-23 | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Froese R. y Pauly D. (Editors). 2023. FishBase. Sparisoma atomarium (Poey, 1861). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=273771 on 2023-11-21 | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Harms-Tuohy C.A. 2021. Parrotfishes in the Caribbean: A Regional Review with Recommendations for Management; FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Circular No.1240; FAO: Rome, Italy. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Heenan A. y Williams I. 2013. Monitoring Herbivorous Fishes as Indicators of Coral Reef Resilience in American Samoa. PLoS ONE 8(11): e79604, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079604. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Hoey A. S. y Bonaldo R.M. (Editors). 2018. Biology of parrotfishes, CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton, 420 pp. ISBN-13: 978-1-4822-2401-6 | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Humann, P. 1996. Reef fish identification. Segunda edición, New World Publications Inc., Florida, EE.UU. 396 p. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Jackson J., Alexander K., y Sala E. 2011. Shifting baselines: the past and the future of ocean fisheries. Island Press - The Center for Resource Economics. 296 p. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Jackson J., Donovan M., Cramer K. y Lam V. 2014. Status and Trends of Caribbean Coral Reefs: 1970-2012. Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network, IUCN, Gland, Switzerland. 306 p. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Jackson J. 1997. Reefs since Columbus. Coral Reefs. 16. S23-S32. 10.1007/s003380050238. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Jackson J., Kirby M. Berger W., Bjorndal K., Botsford L., Bourque B., Bradbury R., Cooke R., Erlandson J., Estes J., Hughes T., Kidwell S., Lange C., Lenihan H., Pandolfi J., Peterson C., Steneck R., Tegner M. y Warner R. 2001. Historical Overfishing and the Recent collapse of Coastal Ecosystems. SCIENCE, Vol 293, 27 Julio 2001. Ecology through time. www.sciencemag.org | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Kennedy, E., Perry, C., Halloran, P., Iglesias-Prieto, R., Schoenberg, C., Wisshak, M., Carricart-Ganivet, J., Fine, M., Eakin, C., Mumby, P. "Avoiding coral reef functional collapse requires local and global action"CURRENT BIOLOGY 23, 912-918 (Publicada 2013-20/05/2013). [doi:10.1016/j.cub.2013.04.020] | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Luckhurst B. E. 2011. Observations at a Multispecies Parrotfish (Scaridae) Spawning Aggregation Site at Bermuda with Notes on the Predation Behavior of Black Grouper (Mycteroperca bonaci). Gulf and Caribbean Research 23 (1): 55-60. Retrieved from https://aquila.usm.edu/gcr/vol23/iss1/6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18785/gcr.2301.06 | spa |
dc.relation.references | • McCauley J., Young H., Guevara R., Williams G., Power E., Dunbar R., Bird D., Durham W. y Micheli F. 2014. Positive and Negative Effects of a Threatened Parrotfish on Reef Ecosystems. Conservation Biology. University of California Santa Barbara, Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, Santa Barbara, CA, U.S.A Volumen 00, No. 0, 1–10. 2014 Society for Conservation Biology.DOI: 10.1111/cobi.12314. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • McField M., Soto M., Craig, A. Giro N., Drysdale I., Guerrero C., Rueda M., Kramer P., S. Canty, y Muñiz I. 2022 Mesoamerican Reef Report Card. Healthy Reefs Initiative. www.healthyreefs.org | spa |
dc.relation.references | • McField M. y Kramer P. 2007. Healthy Reefs for Healthy People: A Guide to Indicators of Reef Health and Social Well-being in the Mesoamerican Reef Region. With contributions by M. Gorrez and M. McPherson. 208 pp. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Precht W., Aronson R., Gardner T., Gill J., Hawkins J., Hernández-Delgado E., Jaap W., McClanahan T., McField M., Murdoch T., Nugues M., Roberts C., Schelten C., Watkinson A., Côté I. 2020. Chapter Twelve - The timing and causality of ecological shifts on Caribbean reefs, Editor(s): Bernhard M. Riegl. Advances in Marine Biology, Academic Press,Volume 87, Issue 1, 2020, Pg 331-360, ISSN 0065-2881, ISBN 9780128215296, https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.amb.2020.08.008. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Mejía L.E., y Garzón-Ferreira, J. 2000. Estructura de comunidades de peces arrecifales en cuatro atolones del Archipiélago de San Andrés y Providencia (Caribe sur occidental). Revista de Biología Tropical, 48(4), 883–896. https://doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v48i4.18905 | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Mumby P. y Harborne A. 2010. Marine reserves enhance the recovery of corals on Caribbean reefs. PLoS ONE 5(1): e8657. doi:10.1371/ journal.pone.0008657. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Mumby P., Flower J., Chollett L., Box S., Bozec Y., Fitzsimmons C., Forster J., Gill D., Griffith-Mumby R., Oxenford H., Peterson A., Stead S., Turner R., Townsley P., Beukering P., Booker F., Brocke H., Cabañillas-Terán N., Canty S., Carricart-Ganivet J., Charlery J., Dryden C., Duyl F., Enríquez S., Haan J., Iglesias-Prieto R., Kennedy E., Mahon R., Mueller B., Newman S., Nugues M., Cortés-Núñez J., Nurse L., Osinga R., Paris C., Petersen D., Polunin N., Sánchez C., Schep S., Stevens J., Vallès H., Vermeij M., Visser P., Whittingham E. y Williams S. 2014. Hacia la resiliencia del arrecife y medios de vida sustentables: Un manual para los administradores de arrecifes de coral del Caribe. University of Exeter. Exeter. 192 p. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Mumby P., Harborne A., Williams J, Kappel C, Brumbaugh D, Micheli F., Holmes K., Dahlgren C., Paris C., y Blackwell P. 2007. Trophic cascade facilitates coral recruitment in a marine reserve. PNAS, May 15, 2007 vol. 104 (20). www.pnas.org_cgi_doi_10.1073_pnas.0702602104. 8362–8367 p. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Mumby P. 2017. Embracing a world of subtlety and nuance on coral reefs. Coral Reefs 36, 1003–1011. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-017-1591-8NEPA 2014. Coral Reefs of Jamaica, An Evaluation of Ecosystem Health: 2013. 15 pp. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Oakley-Cogan A., Tebbett S. B., Bellwood D. R. 2020. Habitat zonation on coral reefs: Structural complexity, nutritional resources and herbivorous fish distributions. PLoS ONE 15(6): e0233498. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0233498 | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Palmer S. 2014. 2014 CORAL REEF ASSESSMENT PORTLAND BIGHT PROTECTED AREA, JAMAICA. Jamaica Environment Trust. 8 p. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Plass-Johnson J., Ferse S., Jompa J., Wild C. y Teichberg M. 2015. Fish herbivory as key ecological function in a heavily degraded coral reef system. Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography – ASLO. Volume 60(4) 1103-1476 p. https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.10105 | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Prato J. y Newball R. 2015. Aproximación a la valoración económica ambiental del departamento Archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina – Reserva de la Biósfera Seaflower. Secretaría Ejecutiva de la Comisión Colombiana del Océano SECCO, Corporación para el desarrollo sostenible del Archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina -CORALINA. Bogotá, 170 pp. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • R Core Team. 2013. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. URL http://www.R-project.org/. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Randall J.E. y H.A. Randall. 1963. The spawning and early development of the Atlantic parrotfish, Sparisoma rubripinne, with notes on other scarid and labrid fishes. Zoologica 48:49–60. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Rivas N., Acero P., A. y Tavera J. 2022. Spatial variation of parrotfish assemblages at oceanic islands in the western Caribbean: evidence of indirect effects of fishing? PeerJ 10:e14178 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14178 | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Santos-Martínez A. 2009. Bases para el estudio de la conectividad ecosistémicos en la Reserva de la Biosfera Seaflower, San Andrés – Caribe colombiano. Proyecto de Investigación. Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Caribe, y Universidad de Guadalajara – Centro Universitario de la Costa Puerto Vallarta, San Andrés, Colombia, 23 p. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Santos-Martínez A. 2019. UNAL Caribe y Tumaco - Ciencias del mar: Arrecifes coralinos, sostenibilidad y resiliencia insular en la RB Seaflower. Proyecto de Investigación, Código Hermes 51189. Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Caribe, Palmira y Tumaco, Comisión Colombiana del Océano y Universidad de Guadalajara – Centro Universitario de la Costa Puerto Vallarta, San Andrés, Colombia, 14 p. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Serna-Rodríguez K.M., Zapata F.A. y Mejía-Ladino L.M. 2016. Diversity and distribution of fishes along the depth gradient of a coral reef wall at San Andrés Island, Colombian Caribbean. Boletín de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras 45 (1): 15-39. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Shantz A. A., Ladd, M. C., y Burkepile, D.E. 2020. Overfishing and the ecological impacts of extirpating large parrotfish from Caribbean coral reefs. Ecological Monographs, 90(2), e01403. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Sherman K. D., Gómez, M. I., Kemenes, T. y Dahlgren, C.P. 2022. Spatial and Temporal Variability in Parrotfish Assemblages on Bahamian Coral Reefs. Diversity, 14(8), 625. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Sierra-Rozo O., Santos-Martínez A. y Acero P., A. 2011. Patrones Ontogénicos de Peces Loro Según el Uso de Hábitat en San Andrés Isla (Reserva de Biósfera Seaflower), en Época de Lluvias. Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute–GCFI. Proceedings of the 72nd Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute November 2 - 8, 2019 Punta Cana, Dominican Republic, 305-309 p. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Taylor B.M., Duenas, A.E.K. y Lange, I.D. 2022. Decadal changes in parrotfish assemblages around reefs of Guam, Micronesia. Coral Reefs 41, 1693–1703. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-022-02315-x | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Vides M., Alonso D., Castro E. y Bolaños N. 2016. Biodiversidad del mar de los siete colores. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras – INVEMAR y Corporación para el Desarrollo Sostenible del Archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina - CORALINA. Serie de Publicaciones Generales del INVEMAR No. 84, Santa Marta – Colombia. 228 p. | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Villéger S., Brosse S., Mouchet M., Mouillot D. y Vanni M. 2017. Functional ecology of fish: current approaches and future challenges. Aquat Sci (2017) 79 : 783–801. DOI 10.1007/s00027-017-0546-z | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Voolstra C., Peixoto R., Ferrier-Pagès C. "Mitigating the ecological collapse of coral reef ecosystems: Effective strategies to preserve coral reef ecosystems: Effective strategies to preserve coral reef ecosystems.". EMBO REP 24, - (Publicada 2023) doi:10.15252/embr.202356826 | spa |
dc.relation.references | • Waldie P., Blomberg S., Cheney K., Goldizen A. y Grutter A. 2011. Long-Term Effects of the Cleaner Fish Labroides dimidiatus on Coral Reef Fish Communities. PLoS ONE 6(6): e21201. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0021201 | spa |
dc.relation.references | • WWF. 2006. Mejores prácticas de pesca en arrecifes coralinos. Guía para la colecta de información que apoye el Manejo de Pesquerías Basado en Ecosistemas. WWF, México. 81 p. | spa |
dc.rights.accessrights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | spa |
dc.rights.license | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional | spa |
dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ | spa |
dc.subject.ddc | 570 - Biología::577 - Ecología | spa |
dc.subject.ddc | 590 - Animales::596 - Cordados | spa |
dc.subject.proposal | Peces loro | spa |
dc.subject.proposal | Herbivoría | spa |
dc.subject.proposal | Biomasa | spa |
dc.subject.proposal | Reserva de Biosfera Seaflower | spa |
dc.subject.proposal | Tallas | spa |
dc.subject.proposal | San Andrés | spa |
dc.subject.proposal | Caribe | spa |
dc.subject.proposal | Parrotfish | eng |
dc.subject.proposal | Herbivory | eng |
dc.subject.proposal | Biomass | eng |
dc.subject.proposal | Seaflower Biosphere Reserve | eng |
dc.subject.proposal | Size Range | eng |
dc.subject.proposal | Caribbean | eng |
dc.title | Estructura y función de peces herbívoros, Scaridae, en zonas arrecifales de San Andrés una isla oceánica en el Caribe | spa |
dc.title.translated | Structure and function of herbivorous fish, Scaridae, in reef zones of San Andres, an oceanic island in the Caribbean | eng |
dc.type | Trabajo de grado - Maestría | spa |
dc.type.coar | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc | spa |
dc.type.coarversion | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa | spa |
dc.type.content | Text | spa |
dc.type.driver | info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis | spa |
dc.type.version | info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion | spa |
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Estudiantes | spa |
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Grupos comunitarios | spa |
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Investigadores | spa |
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Maestros | spa |
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Medios de comunicación | spa |
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Padres y familias | spa |
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Personal de apoyo escolar | spa |
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Proveedores de ayuda financiera para estudiantes | spa |
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Público general | spa |
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Receptores de fondos federales y solicitantes | spa |
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Responsables políticos | spa |
oaire.accessrights | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 | spa |