Compósitos quitosano-bentonita como material adsorbente para la remoción de un colorante aniónico azo en solución acuosa

dc.contributor.advisorMacías Quiroga, Iván Fernando
dc.contributor.advisorGiraldo Gómez, Gloria Inés
dc.contributor.authorVelásquez Bustos, Willy Alexander
dc.contributor.researchgroupProcesos Químicos, Catalíticos y Biotecnológicos - PQCBspa
dc.date.accessioned2022-07-05T14:09:25Z
dc.date.available2022-07-05T14:09:25Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.descriptiongráficos, tablas.spa
dc.description.abstractLa tartrazina es un colorante sintético empleado en la industria de alimentos, altamente soluble en agua y de difícil remoción en aguas residuales (dada su estructura compleja compuesta por anillo aromáticos, enlaces -N=N- y grupos sulfónicos), teniendo una vida media de 300 días en presencia de UV y su vertimiento presenta un riesgo para el ambiente, ya que impide la penetración de la luz, afectando así los procesos fotosintéticos y el oxígeno disuelto del medio, además de ser toxico para algunas especies acuáticas ya que su descomposición puede generar aminas aromáticas (sustancias cancerígenas y mutagénicas), por esta razón su tratamiento debe ser evaluado y estudiado. La remoción de colorantes ha sido ampliamente estudiada y evaluada mediante diferentes tecnologías, siendo la adsorción la más estudiada debido a su alta efectividad y diseño simple, así mismo se han evaluado diferentes tipos de adsorbentes, teniendo la arcilla un gran interés debido a su fácil modificación (por ejemplo, con sales de amonio y polímeros), y bajo costo. En el presente trabajo se realizaron ensayos de adsorción tipo batch, evaluando el compósito quitosano-bentonita como adsorbente en la remoción de tartrazina, analizando el efecto de las variables de adsorción (pH, velocidad de agitación, cantidad de adsorbente, tiempo de contacto y concentración de colorante) sobre la remoción, posteriormente se planteó un diseño experimental con el fin de observar el efecto de la carga de compósito y concentración de colorante, ya que con un pequeño cambio de estos factores se obtiene una gran variación en la remoción, con los parámetros encontrados a lo largo del estudio se realizó las isotermas de adsorción y finalmente se evaluó el compósito quitosano-bentonita sobre una muestra de agua residual no doméstica. Estableciendo por medio de una metodología de enfoque único que las mejores condiciones de relación de quitosano-bentonita, pH, velocidad de agitación, y tiempo de contacto, fueron de 1:1 g/g, 3.5, 300 rpm y 120 minutos respectivamente. Por medio de un diseño factorial 23 y una metodología de superficie de respuesta, ajustando los datos experimentales a un modelo de segundo orden, con un coeficiente de determinación r2=0.983 y se encontró que las mejores condiciones para la carga de adsorbente y concentración de colorante fueron de 0.350 g/L y 20.293 mg/L respectivamente. El modelo de isoterma que mejor represento el sistema a las temperaturas evaluadas (25, 35 y 45 °C) fue el modelo de Redlich-Peterson con r2>0.998, encontrando con los diferentes modelos que con el aumento de temperatura el sistema se favorece. Finalmente se evaluó el compósito quitosano-bentonita sobre la muestra de ARnD obteniendo una remoción de tartrazina del 98.616%. (Texto tomado de la fuente)spa
dc.description.abstractTartrazine is a synthetic dye used in the food industry, highly soluble in water and difficult to remove in wastewater (given its complex structure composed of aromatic ring, -N=N- bonds and sulfonic groups), having a half-life of 300 days in the presence of UV and its discharge presents a risk to the environment, It is also toxic for some aquatic species since its decomposition can generate aromatic amines (carcinogenic and mutagenic substances), and for this reason its treatment must be evaluated and studied. The removal of dyes has been widely studied and evaluated by means of different technologies, being adsorption the most studied due to its high effectiveness and simple design, likewise, different types of adsorbents have been evaluated, with clay being of great interest due to its easy modification (for example, with ammonium salts and polymers) and low cost. In the present work, batch adsorption tests were carried out, evaluating the chitosan-bentonite composite as adsorbent in the removal of tartrazine, analyzing the effect of the adsorption variables (pH, agitation speed, amount of adsorbent, contact time and dye concentration) on the removal, Subsequently, an experimental design was proposed in order to observe the effect of the composite load and dye concentration, since with a small change in these factors a great variation in the removal is obtained, with the parameters found throughout the study the adsorption isotherms were made and finally the chitosan-bentonite composite was evaluated on a sample of non-domestic wastewater. Establishing by means of a single approach methodology that the best conditions for chitosan-bentonite ratio, pH, agitation speed, and contact time were 1:1 g/g, 3.5, 300 rpm, and 120 minutes, respectively. By means of a 23 factorial design and response surface methodology, fitting the experimental data to a second order model, with a coefficient of determination r2=0.983, the best conditions for adsorbent loading and dye concentration were found to be 0.350 g/L and 20.293 mg/L respectively. The isotherm model that best represented the system at the temperatures evaluated (25, 35 and 45 °C) was the Redlich-Peterson model with r2>0.998, finding with the different models that with increasing temperature the system is favored. Finally, the chitosan-bentonite composite was evaluated on the ARnD sample, obtaining a tartrazine removal of 98.616%.eng
dc.description.curricularareaQuímica Y Procesosspa
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Ingeniería - Ingeniería Ambientalspa
dc.format.extentx, 74 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/81677
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Manizalesspa
dc.publisher.departmentDepartamento de Ingeniería Químicaspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ingeniería y Arquitecturaspa
dc.publisher.placeManizales, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programManizales - Ingeniería y Arquitectura - Maestría en Ingeniería - Ingeniería Ambientalspa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/spa
dc.subject.ddc620 - Ingeniería y operaciones afines::629 - Otras ramas de la ingenieríaspa
dc.subject.lembQuitina
dc.subject.lembChitin
dc.subject.proposalCompósitospa
dc.subject.proposalQuitosanospa
dc.subject.proposalBentonitaspa
dc.subject.proposalAdsorciónspa
dc.subject.proposalTartrazinaspa
dc.subject.proposalCompositeeng
dc.subject.proposalChitosaneng
dc.subject.proposalBentoniteeng
dc.subject.proposalAdsorptioneng
dc.subject.proposalTartrazineeng
dc.subject.unescoContaminación del agua
dc.subject.unescoWater pollution
dc.titleCompósitos quitosano-bentonita como material adsorbente para la remoción de un colorante aniónico azo en solución acuosaspa
dc.title.translatedChitosan-bentonite composites as adsorbent material for the removal of an anionic azo dye in aqueous solutioneng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentAdministradoresspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentBibliotecariosspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEstudiantesspa
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dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentMaestrosspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentMedios de comunicaciónspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentPadres y familiasspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentPersonal de apoyo escolarspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentProveedores de ayuda financiera para estudiantesspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentPúblico generalspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentReceptores de fondos federales y solicitantesspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentResponsables políticosspa
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