Metodología para la identificación de la estructura eléctrica típica del rayo en el trópico
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Durante más de 30 años se ha estudiado el fenómeno del rayo en Colombia con el objetivo de caracterizarlo y entender su comportamiento en la zona tropical, puesto que los estudios de esta zona son pocos con respecto a otros lugares del mundo y la incidencia de rayos es mucho mayor, por lo que estudiar y comprender este fenómeno es indispensable para la seguridad de personas, procesos y equipos. Esta tesis surge para presentar un avance en la caracterización de la estructura eléctrica de las tormentas eléctricas en el trópico a partir de información de sistemas de medición de alta definición en VHF, sensores de campo electrostático y redes de localización de rayos en VLF/LF. En total se analizaron dieciséis eventos de tormenta a través de algoritmos diseñados en esta tesis, los cuales integran las distintas fuentes de información disponibles. Adicionalmente se analizó una tormenta para implementar algoritmos diseñados y se realizó un análisis manual de forma gráfica para obtener la distribución de carga, altura y polaridad de la nube de tormenta, así mismo los patrones de comportamiento, ciclos de vida y severidad a partir de mediciones reales en la zona tropical, zona en la cual no se habían desarrollado estudios con equipos de alta definición integrados con mediciones de campo electrostático.
For more than 30 years the phenomenon of lightning has been studied in order to characterize and understand its behaviour in the tropical zone, since the studies in this zones are few with respect to other places in world and the incidence of lightning is much higher, so studying and understanding this phenomenon is essential for safety of people, processes and equipment. This thesis arises to present an advance for the characterization of the electrical structure of thunderstorms in the tropics from information from high definition VHF systems, electrostatic field sensors and VLF/LF lightning location networks. A total of sixteen thunderstorm events were analysed through algorithms designed in this thesis, which integrate different available sources of information. Additionally, one thunderstorm was analysed using the designed algorithms and a graphical manual analysis to get the distribution of charge, height and polarity of the thunderstorm is obtained, as well as the patterns of behaviour, life cycles and severity from real measurements in the tropical zone, place where no high definition study has been carried out integrating electrostatic field measurements.
For more than 30 years the phenomenon of lightning has been studied in order to characterize and understand its behaviour in the tropical zone, since the studies in this zones are few with respect to other places in world and the incidence of lightning is much higher, so studying and understanding this phenomenon is essential for safety of people, processes and equipment. This thesis arises to present an advance for the characterization of the electrical structure of thunderstorms in the tropics from information from high definition VHF systems, electrostatic field sensors and VLF/LF lightning location networks. A total of sixteen thunderstorm events were analysed through algorithms designed in this thesis, which integrate different available sources of information. Additionally, one thunderstorm was analysed using the designed algorithms and a graphical manual analysis to get the distribution of charge, height and polarity of the thunderstorm is obtained, as well as the patterns of behaviour, life cycles and severity from real measurements in the tropical zone, place where no high definition study has been carried out integrating electrostatic field measurements.