Effect of fires and landscape configuration on mammals communities

dc.contributor.advisorArmenteras Pascual, Dolors
dc.contributor.advisorMuñoz Muñoz, Alberto
dc.contributor.authorGonzález Delgado, Tania Marisol
dc.contributor.researchgroupEcología del Paisaje y Modelación de Ecosistemas – Ecolmodspa
dc.date.accessioned2021-10-05T16:02:38Z
dc.date.available2021-10-05T16:02:38Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.descriptionilustraciones, fotografías, gráficas, mapasspa
dc.description.abstractFire is a key agent in the dynamics and organization of several ecosystems such as pastures and savannas (Parr and Andersen, 2006), also, in some cases it can act as a disturbance agent in numerous tropical forests (Armenteras, González, & Retana, 2013). • The Colombian Orinoco region is considered as a highly biodiverse area. Also, in the last decades has been one of the most affected areas in Colombia due to climate change, fire incidence, and negative pressures due to anthropogenic activities; drivers of the rapid transformation of natural landscapes. • The main objective of this study was to determine how fires influence the landscape configuration and how it affects the dynamics and structure of the non-volant small mammals. • To develop this study, we used a combination of fire remote sensing information, non-volant small mammals, and the associated vegetation of this taxonomic group. With this information we parametrized occupancy models for these animals in relation with fire and through a multiscale approach, we evaluated how vegetation diversity respond to fire, estimating its taxonomical and phylogenetical diversity, using Hills numbers. Finally, using radiotelemetry, we assessed the habitat use if the most abundant species in burned forest. • Overall, our results showed that fires in gallery forests have a differential impact over the community of non-volant small mammals. In some cases, fire can constrain, promote, or have not effects on the occurrence of non-volant mammals. These findings are strongly related with the affectation of vegetation due to fire. The parametrized models suggest that fire has a substantial effect on the species that use high vegetation strata, since these strata tended to disappear or decrease after the fire event. • Likewise, we found that fire had a negative impact over the vegetation diversity at different spatial scales. However, the effect varied depending on what was considered, the taxonomical diversity or the phylogenetical diversity, these evidenced differences between burned and unburned forests, and a phylogenetic replacement of dominant species. • The results presented in this thesis showed that wildfires in fire-sensible ecosystems, such as gallery forests, have negative effects on fauna and vegetation. These negative effects can interrupt the functioning of these forests.eng
dc.description.abstractEl fuego es un motor clave en la dinámica y estructuración de muchos ecosistemas en biomas como los pastizales y las sabanas (Parr and Andersen, 2006), además de ser en algunos casos ser un agente de perturbación como en muchos de los bosques tropicales (Armenteras et al., 2021). •La región del Orinoco es considerada como una zona con una enorme biodiversidad de plantas y animales. Es también una de las áreas más afectadas en Colombia por el cambio climático, la incidencia de incendios y las presiones negativas que causan algunas actividades productivas antrópicas, factores que han causado una rápida transformación de los paisajes naturales. •La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar cómo los incendios forestales influyen en la configuración del paisaje y se afecta la dinámica y estructura de la comunidad de pequeños mamíferos no voladores. •Para desarrollar este estudio se utilizó una combinación de información de sensores remotos sobre incendios, con información en campo de los pequeños mamíferos no voladores y de la vegetación asociada a la ocupación de este grupo. Con esta información se parametrizaron modelos de ocupación de estos animales en relación con el fuego y por medio de un enfoque multiescalar, se evaluó cómo la diversidad de plantas responde a un incendio, estimando la diversidad taxonómica y filogenética a lo largo de los números de Hill. Finalmente, usando radiotelemetría, se evaluó el uso de hábitat de la especie más abundante en zonas de bosques quemados. •En términos generales, se evidencio que los incendios en bosques de galería tienen un impacto diferencial en la comunidad de pequeños mamíferos no voladores. En algunos casos el fuego restringe, en otros promueve, y en otros casos no hay efecto en la ocurrencia de especies de mamíferos. Los hallazgos están fuertemente relacionados con la afectación de la vegetación por el fuego. Los modelos sugieren que el fuego tiene un efecto más sustancial en aquellas especies que utilizan los estratos superiores de la vegetación, estratos que tendieron a desaparecer o a disminuir a causa del fuego. •En referencia a la escala espacial, se encontró que el fuego tuvo un impacto negativo diferencial en la diversidad de plantas. Este efecto vario si se consideraba la diversidad taxonómica o la diversidad filogenética, evidenciando diferencias entre bosques quemados y no quemados, así como un recambio filogenético de las especies dominantes en las áreas afectadas. •Los resultados presentados en esta tesis también ponen en evidencia que los incendios forestales en ecosistemas sensibles al fuego como los bosques de galería estudiados, tiene efectos negativos en la fauna y en la vegetación, pudiendo interrumpir el funcionamiento de dichos bosques. (Texto tomado de la fuente)spa
dc.description.degreelevelDoctoradospa
dc.description.degreenameDoctor en Ciencias - Biologíaspa
dc.description.methodsPara desarrollar este estudio se utilizó una combinación de información de sensores remotos sobre incendios, con información en campo de los pequeños mamíferos no voladores y de la vegetación asociada a la ocupación de este grupo. Con esta información se parametrizaron modelos de ocupación de estos animales en relación con el fuego y por medio de un enfoque multiescalar, se evaluó cómo la diversidad de plantas responde a un incendio, estimando la diversidad taxonómica y filogenética a lo largo de los números de Hill. Finalmente, usando radiotelemetría, se evaluó el uso de hábitat de la especie más abundante en zonas de bosques quemados.spa
dc.description.researchareaEcologíaspa
dc.description.sponsorshipI. Colciencias doctorados nacionales 2016. Convocatoria: 757 de Colciencias para doctorados nacionales 2016. Vinculación: estudiante de doctorado. II. Proyecto: Efecto de los incendios y la configuración del paisaje sobre comunidades de mamíferos. Convocatoria: 757 de Colciencias para doctorados nacionales 2016. Vinculación: investigador principal. Tareas: Determinar la respuesta de la comunidad de pequeños mamíferos, en términos de abundancia, riqueza y uso de hábitat, a paisajes afectados por incendios. III. Proyecto: Integración de la dinámica de perturbación en la biodiversidad: el caso del fuego en ecosistemas de la Orinoquía. Convocatoria: nacional para el apoyo a proyectos de investigación y creación artística de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia 2017-2018-383. Modalidad única. Vinculación: estudiante de doctorado. Tareas: Analizar los efectos del fuego sobre la diversidad de pequeños y medianos mamíferos. IV. Grupo de Investigación en Ecología del Paisaje y Modelación de Ecosistemas -Ecolmod, a través del proyecto: Degradation of tropical forests in Colombia: impacts of fire. Convocatoria: Convocatoria externa Vinculación: estudiante de doctorado. V. The American Society of Mammalogists. Grants: The Latin American student field grant 2017. Grant Amount: $1.500 USD. VI. The Rufford Foundation. Grants: 1st Rufford Small Grant. Project Title: Effects of fire on mammal communities in Orinoco landscapes. Application ID: 25652-1. Duration: 12 months (ended in July 2019). Grant Amount: £5000 VII. L'Oréal-UNESCO For Women in Science Colombia 2018. Proyecto: Tania Marisol González Delgado_Efecto de los incendios y la configuración del paisaje sobre comunidades de mamíferos. Convocatoria: 897-2018 Programa Nacional L´Oreal Unesco Para las Mujeres en la Ciencia. Financiación: $20’000.000 COP. VIII. Idea Wild. Project Title: Effects of fire on the community of small non-flying mammals in landscapes under fire influence. Grant Amount: $530 USD. IX. Neotropical Grassland Conservancy. Grants: Research Equipment Program (REP). Grant Amount: $1200 USD. X. IALE - International Association for Landscape Ecology Beca para atender a la conferencia IUFRO - Adaptive Management for Forested Landscapes in transformation. Posadas, Argentina, octubre 1-5, 2018.spa
dc.format.extentxx, 199 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/80386
dc.language.isoengspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotáspa
dc.publisher.departmentDepartamento de Biologíaspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Cienciasspa
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Ciencias - Doctorado en Ciencias - Biologíaspa
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dc.rightsDerechos reservados al autorspa
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/spa
dc.subject.ddc570 - Biologíaspa
dc.subject.proposalFire-regimeeng
dc.subject.proposalMammalseng
dc.subject.proposalBurneng
dc.subject.proposalForest-savanna transitioneng
dc.subject.proposalMarsupialseng
dc.subject.proposalOccurrenceeng
dc.subject.proposalRodentseng
dc.subject.proposalVegetation structureeng
dc.subject.proposalAlpha and beta diversityeng
dc.subject.proposalHill numberseng
dc.subject.proposalScaleeng
dc.subject.proposalRégimen de incendiosspa
dc.subject.proposalMamíferosspa
dc.subject.proposalQuemadospa
dc.subject.proposalTransición bosque-sabanaspa
dc.subject.proposalMarsupialesspa
dc.subject.proposalOcurrenciaspa
dc.subject.proposalRoedoresspa
dc.subject.proposalEstructura de la vegetaciónspa
dc.subject.proposalDiversidad alfa y betaspa
dc.subject.proposalNúmeros de Hillspa
dc.subject.proposalEscalaspa
dc.subject.proposalPequeños mamíferos no voladoresspa
dc.subject.proposalNon-volant small mammalseng
dc.subject.unescoForest fireseng
dc.subject.unescoIncendio forestalspa
dc.subject.unescoMamíferospa
dc.subject.unescoVegetaciónspa
dc.titleEffect of fires and landscape configuration on mammals communitieseng
dc.title.translatedEfecto de los incendios y la configuración del paisaje sobre comunidades de mamíferosspa
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Doctoradospa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06spa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TDspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentAdministradoresspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEstudiantesspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentGrupos comunitariosspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadoresspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentPúblico generalspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa
oaire.awardtitle757 de Colciencias para doctorados nacionales 2016spa
oaire.awardtitleConvocatoria nacional para el apoyo a proyectos de investigación y creación artística de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia 2017-2018-383spa
oaire.awardtitleThe Latin American student field grant 2017spa
oaire.awardtitle1st Rufford Small Grantspa
oaire.awardtitleL'Oréal-UNESCO For Women in Science Colombia 2018spa

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