Efectividad de las intervenciones de actividad física ambiental en el adulto mayor como estrategia para disminuir la depresión : Una revisión sistemática

dc.contributor.advisorHernández Álvarez, Edgar Debrayspa
dc.contributor.authorVelandia Guillén, Erick Sebastiánspa
dc.contributor.orcidVelandia Guillén, Erick [0009000821103726]spa
dc.contributor.researchgateVelandia, Erick [Erick-Velandia-2?ev=hdr_xprf]spa
dc.date.accessioned2025-09-12T14:48:42Z
dc.date.available2025-09-12T14:48:42Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.descriptionilustraciones, diagramasspa
dc.description.abstractEsta revisión sistemática tuvo como objetivo determinar la efectividad de las intervenciones de actividad física ambiental como estrategia para disminuir los síntomas de depresión en adultos mayores. La actividad física ambiental se definió como aquella realizada fuera del hogar, ya sea al aire libre o en espacios comunitarios, considerándose como tal solo cuando incluía un componente social en entornos cerrados. El protocolo fue registrado en PROSPERO con el ID CRD42024545148, lo que garantizó un proceso metodológico transparente y previamente planificado. Se efectuó una búsqueda sistemática en múltiples bases de datos científicas, aplicando criterios de inclusión y exclusión previamente definidos, con evaluación por pares y resolución de discrepancias por consenso. La extracción de datos se realizó mediante una hoja estructurada, y se aplicó la herramienta RoB2 para valorar el riesgo de sesgo. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó el software RevMan, y el análisis de sensibilidad se realizó específicamente con el software STATA 18. Se incluyeron 28 estudios controlados aleatorizados, que fueron considerados en el análisis cualitativo. De estos, solo 4 presentaron niveles aceptables de heterogeneidad estadística (I² ≤ 51%) y fueron incluidos en el análisis cuantitativo. Los hallazgos evidencian que las intervenciones de actividad física ambiental tienen un efecto positivo en la reducción de síntomas depresivos. Además, se observaron beneficios complementarios en variables secundarias como la ansiedad, la calidad del sueño, la calidad de vida y algunas cualidades físicas, incluyendo fuerza, equilibrio y movilidad funcional. Esta revisión se caracteriza por su rigurosidad metodológica, la organización sistemática de los resultados según variables de interés, y el uso de criterios estadísticos estrictos que restringieron los análisis de efecto a estudios con baja heterogeneidad. Entre las limitaciones, se destaca la dificultad para identificar estudios que definieran de forma clara la actividad física ambiental, así como una considerable heterogeneidad metodológica y estadística en ciertas variables, lo que impidió el análisis cualitativo de algunas medidas como funcionalidad, nivel de actividad física y aspectos psicológicos poco representados. En conclusión, esta revisión respalda el valor de las intervenciones de actividad física ambiental para mejorar la salud mental en adultos mayores y enfatiza la necesidad de más estudios que permitan fortalecer la base de evidencia, tanto en el diseño metodológico como en la aplicación clara del concepto de actividad física ambiental. (Texto tomado de la fuente).spa
dc.description.abstractThis systematic review aimed to determine the effectiveness of environmental physical activity interventions as a strategy to reduce depressive symptoms in older adults. Environmental physical activity was defined as any activity performed outside the home, either outdoors or in community settings, and was only considered as such when it included a social component in indoor environments. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (ID CRD42024545148), ensuring a transparent and preplanned methodological process. A systematic search was conducted across multiple scientific databases, applying predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, with peer evaluation and resolution of discrepancies through consensus. Data extraction was carried out using a structured form, and the RoB2 tool was applied to assess risk of bias. Statistical analysis was performed with RevMan software, while sensitivity analysis was conducted specifically using STATA 18. A total of 28 randomized controlled trials were included in the qualitative analysis. Of these, only 4 showed acceptable levels of statistical heterogeneity (I² ≤ 51%) and were included in the quantitative analysis. Findings provide evidence that environmental physical activity interventions have a positive effect on reducing depressive symptoms. Additionally, complementary benefits were observed in secondary variables such as anxiety, sleep quality, quality of life, and certain physical attributes, including strength, balance, and functional mobility. This review is characterized by methodological rigor, the systematic organization of results according to variables of interest, and the application of strict statistical criteria that limited effect analyses to studies with low heterogeneity. Among the limitations, the main challenges were the difficulty in identifying studies that clearly defined environmental physical activity, as well as considerable methodological and statistical heterogeneity in certain variables, which prevented the qualitative analysis of some measures such as functionality, physical activity level, and underrepresented psychological aspects. In conclusion, this review supports the value of environmental physical activity interventions for improving mental health in older adults and highlights the need for further studies to strengthen the evidence base, both in methodological design and in the clear application of the concept of environmental physical activity.eng
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Fisioterapia del Deporte y la Actividad Físicaspa
dc.format.extent106 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/88736
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotáspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Medicinaspa
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Medicina - Maestría en Fisioterapia del Deporte y la Actividad Físicaspa
dc.relation.indexedBiremespa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subject.ddc610 - Medicina y salud::613 - Salud y seguridad personalspa
dc.subject.proposalActividad física ambientalspa
dc.subject.proposalAdulto mayorspa
dc.subject.proposalDepresiónspa
dc.subject.proposalRevisión sistemáticaspa
dc.subject.proposalEnvironmental Physical Activityeng
dc.subject.proposalOlder Adultseng
dc.subject.proposalDepressioneng
dc.subject.proposalSystematic Revieweng
dc.subject.unescoActividad de tiempo libre
dc.subject.unescoLeisure time activities
dc.subject.unescoCalidad de vida
dc.subject.unescoQuality of life
dc.subject.unescoEnfermedad mental
dc.subject.unescoMental diseases
dc.titleEfectividad de las intervenciones de actividad física ambiental en el adulto mayor como estrategia para disminuir la depresión : Una revisión sistemáticaspa
dc.title.translatedEffectiveness of Environmental physical activity interventions in older adults as a strategy to reduce depression : A systematic revieweng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.contentText
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadoresspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentGrupos comunitariosspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentPúblico generalspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2

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Efectividad de las Intervenciones de Actividad Física Ambiental en el Adulto Mayor como estrategia para disminuir la Depresión.pdf
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Tesis de Maestría en Fisioterapia del Deporte y la Actividad Física

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