Evaluación molecular de la diversidad y arquitectura genética de la resistencia a la bacteriosis vascular de la yuca (Manihot esculenta Cranz) en Colombia
| dc.contributor.advisor | Soto Sedano, Johana Carolina | |
| dc.contributor.author | Mora Moreno, Ruben Eduardo | |
| dc.contributor.orcid | Mora Moreno, Ruben Eduardo [0000-0002-5437-6746] | |
| dc.contributor.researchgroup | Manihot Biotec | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2026-02-03T15:48:15Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2026-02-03T15:48:15Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2025 | |
| dc.description | Ilustraciones, gráficos, mapas | spa |
| dc.description.abstract | La yuca (Manihot esculenta Cranz) se posiciona como uno de los cultivos más importantes para la seguridad alimentaria en el mundo. Sin embargo, su producción se ve limitada por la bacteriosis vascular de la yuca (CBB), enfermedad ocasionada por la bacteria fitopatógena Xanthomonas phaseoli pv. manihotis (Xpm). Esta tesis doctoral, hace uso de la heterogeneidad regional en Colombia, adyacente al centro de diversificación y con documentada tradición en el uso de la yuca, para investigar la diversidad genética del cultivo y la arquitectura genética de la resistencia a CBB. A través de la genotipificación por secuenciación (GBS por Genotyping by Sequencing) de una población de 176 cultivares de yuca se identificaron tres clústeres genéticos con valores de diversidad moderadamente altos y con correspondencia geográfica. Las firmas de selección reveladas por SNPs outliers en los materiales evaluados se relacionan con los tres clústeres genéticos, dando indicio de adaptaciones regionales específicas, con mecanismos de defensa en materiales amazónicos, con respuesta al estrés en materiales predominantes de la región Andina y metabolismo de carbohidratos y resistencia a sequía en materiales del Caribe. Paralelamente, con 111 cultivares de la misma población de estudio, se realizó un estudio de asociación del genoma completo (GWAS por Genome-Wide Association Study) para la respuesta de defensa a Xpm681. En total siete QTNs (Quantitative Trait Nucleotide) fueron asociados significativamente a la resistencia a CBB. Dentro de las ventanas de desequilibrio de ligamiento de los QTNs co-localizan 37 genes candidatos. Cuatro QTNs se ubican en regiones génicas de genes que codifican para proteínas de tipo quinasa asociada a pared celular (WAK) (Manes.01G013225), fucosyltransferasa (Manes.01G104100), beta-glucosidase (Manes.07G001700) y un factor de transcripción BES1/BZR1 (Manes.13G136500). La expresión génica de los 37 genes candidatos fueron indagados en perfiles transcriptómicos previamente reportados bajo la interacción compatible Xpm681-cv60444. Del total de genes candidatos, cuatro presentaron expresión génica diferencial. Los genes codificantes para la WAK (Manes.01G013225) y una coniferyl alcohol glucosyltransferase (Manes.13G136600) fueron inducidos, mientras que aquellos codificantes para una beta-glucosidase (Manes.07G001400) y CYP79D1 (Manes.07G001400) codificante para una enzima citocromo P450 (ambos del metabolismo cianogénico) fueron reprimidos. Además, al buscar sitios de unión para efectores TAL (Transcription Activator-Like effectors) de la cepa Xpm681 en los genes candidatos, se identificó que los cuatro genes con expresión diferencial contienen sitios de unión para estos efectores. Finalmente, se identificó un alelo asociado al gen candidato CYP79D1 (Manes.07G001400) con configuración heterocigótica exclusiva del germoplasma amazónico que confiere mayor resistencia, mientras otro alelo vinculado a beta-glucosidasa mostró efecto negativo, aumentando la susceptibilidad. Estos hallazgos aportan al entendimiento de la arquitectura genética de la resistencia a la bacteriosis vascular de la yuca y destacan el valor del germoplasma colombiano como recurso importante para el futuro del cultivo de yuca. (Texto tomado de la fuente) | spa |
| dc.description.abstract | Cassava (Manihot esculenta Cranz) is positioned as one of the most important crops for food security in the world. However, its production is limited by cassava vascular blight (CBB), a disease caused by the phytopathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas phaseoli pv. manihotis (Xpm). This doctoral thesis makes use of the regional heterogeneity in Colombia, adjacent to the center of diversification and with a documented tradition in the use of cassava, to investigate the genetic diversity of the crop and the genetic architecture of resistance to CBB. Through genotyping by sequencing (GBS) of a population of 176 cassava cultivars, three genetic clusters with moderately high diversity values and geographical correspondence were identified. The selective signatures suggest regionally specific adaptations with selection in loci related to defense mechanisms in Amazonian materials, with stress response in materials predominantly from the Andean region, and carbohydrate metabolism and drought resistance in Caribbean materials. In parallel, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted on 111 cultivars from the same study population for the defense response to Xpm681. A total of seven QTNs (Quantitative Trait Nucleotide) were significantly associated with CBB resistance. Thirty-seven candidate genes co-locate within the QTNs' linkage disequilibrium windows. Four QTNs are located in genic regions of genes encoding cell wall-associated kinase (WAK) proteins (Manes.01G013225), fucosyltransferase (Manes.01G104100), beta-glucosidase (Manes.07G001700), and a BES1/BZR1 transcription factor (Manes.13G136500). The gene expression of the 37 candidate genes was investigated in previously reported transcriptomic profiles under the compatible interaction Xpm681-cv60444. Of the total candidate genes, four showed differential gene expression. Genes encoding WAK (Manes.01G013225) and a coniferyl alcohol glucosyltransferase (Manes.13G136600) were induced, while those encoding a beta-glucosidase (Manes.07G001400) and CYP79D1 (Manes.07G001400), encoding a cytochrome P450 enzyme (both from cyanogenic metabolism), were repressed. Furthermore, when searching for binding sites for TAL (Transcription Activator-Like effectors) effectors of the Xpm681 strain in the candidate genes, it was identified that the four genes with differential expression contain binding sites for these effectors. Finally, an allele associated with the candidate gene CYP79D1 was identified with a heterozygous configuration exclusive to the Amazonian germplasm that confers greater resistance, while another allele linked to beta-glucosidase showed a negative effect, increasing susceptibility. These findings contribute to our understanding of the genetic architecture of resistance to CBB and highlight the value of Colombian germplasm as an important resource for the future of cassava. | eng |
| dc.description.degreelevel | Doctorado | |
| dc.description.degreename | Doctor en Ciencias - Biología | |
| dc.description.researcharea | Genética y biología molecular | |
| dc.format.extent | xii, 140 páginas | |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | |
| dc.identifier.instname | Universidad Nacional de Colombia | spa |
| dc.identifier.reponame | Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia | spa |
| dc.identifier.repourl | https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/ | spa |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/89376 | |
| dc.language.iso | spa | |
| dc.publisher | Universidad Nacional de Colombia | |
| dc.publisher.branch | Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá | |
| dc.publisher.faculty | Facultad de Ciencias | |
| dc.publisher.place | Bogotá, Colombia | |
| dc.publisher.program | Bogotá - Ciencias - Doctorado en Ciencias - Biología | |
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| dc.rights.accessrights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | |
| dc.rights.license | Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional | |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ | |
| dc.subject.ddc | 570 - Biología::576 - Genética y evolución | |
| dc.subject.ddc | Diversidad genética | |
| dc.subject.ddc | 570 - Biología | |
| dc.subject.lemb | Yuca | spa |
| dc.subject.lemb | Cassava | eng |
| dc.subject.lemb | Variación genética | spa |
| dc.subject.lemb | Genetic variation | eng |
| dc.subject.lemb | Enfermedades bacterianas | spa |
| dc.subject.lemb | Bacterial diseases | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Amazonas | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Yuca Colombiana | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Diversidad genética | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Bacteriosis vascular de la yuca | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Genotipificación por secuanciación (GBS) | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Estudio de asociacion del genoma completo (GWAS) | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Manihot esculenta | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Xpm | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Yuca | spa |
| dc.title | Evaluación molecular de la diversidad y arquitectura genética de la resistencia a la bacteriosis vascular de la yuca (Manihot esculenta Cranz) en Colombia | spa |
| dc.title.translated | Molecular evaluation of diversity and genetic architecture of resistance to cassava vascular bacterial blight (manihot esculenta crantz) in Colombia | eng |
| dc.type | Trabajo de grado - Doctorado | |
| dc.type.coar | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06 | |
| dc.type.coarversion | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa | |
| dc.type.content | Text | |
| dc.type.driver | info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis | |
| dc.type.redcol | http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TD | |
| dc.type.version | info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion | |
| dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Estudiantes | |
| dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Investigadores | |
| oaire.accessrights | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
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