Evaluación molecular de la diversidad y arquitectura genética de la resistencia a la bacteriosis vascular de la yuca (Manihot esculenta Cranz) en Colombia

dc.contributor.advisorSoto Sedano, Johana Carolina
dc.contributor.authorMora Moreno, Ruben Eduardo
dc.contributor.orcidMora Moreno, Ruben Eduardo [0000-0002-5437-6746]
dc.contributor.researchgroupManihot Biotec
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-03T15:48:15Z
dc.date.available2026-02-03T15:48:15Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.descriptionIlustraciones, gráficos, mapasspa
dc.description.abstractLa yuca (Manihot esculenta Cranz) se posiciona como uno de los cultivos más importantes para la seguridad alimentaria en el mundo. Sin embargo, su producción se ve limitada por la bacteriosis vascular de la yuca (CBB), enfermedad ocasionada por la bacteria fitopatógena Xanthomonas phaseoli pv. manihotis (Xpm). Esta tesis doctoral, hace uso de la heterogeneidad regional en Colombia, adyacente al centro de diversificación y con documentada tradición en el uso de la yuca, para investigar la diversidad genética del cultivo y la arquitectura genética de la resistencia a CBB. A través de la genotipificación por secuenciación (GBS por Genotyping by Sequencing) de una población de 176 cultivares de yuca se identificaron tres clústeres genéticos con valores de diversidad moderadamente altos y con correspondencia geográfica. Las firmas de selección reveladas por SNPs outliers en los materiales evaluados se relacionan con los tres clústeres genéticos, dando indicio de adaptaciones regionales específicas, con mecanismos de defensa en materiales amazónicos, con respuesta al estrés en materiales predominantes de la región Andina y metabolismo de carbohidratos y resistencia a sequía en materiales del Caribe. Paralelamente, con 111 cultivares de la misma población de estudio, se realizó un estudio de asociación del genoma completo (GWAS por Genome-Wide Association Study) para la respuesta de defensa a Xpm681. En total siete QTNs (Quantitative Trait Nucleotide) fueron asociados significativamente a la resistencia a CBB. Dentro de las ventanas de desequilibrio de ligamiento de los QTNs co-localizan 37 genes candidatos. Cuatro QTNs se ubican en regiones génicas de genes que codifican para proteínas de tipo quinasa asociada a pared celular (WAK) (Manes.01G013225), fucosyltransferasa (Manes.01G104100), beta-glucosidase (Manes.07G001700) y un factor de transcripción BES1/BZR1 (Manes.13G136500). La expresión génica de los 37 genes candidatos fueron indagados en perfiles transcriptómicos previamente reportados bajo la interacción compatible Xpm681-cv60444. Del total de genes candidatos, cuatro presentaron expresión génica diferencial. Los genes codificantes para la WAK (Manes.01G013225) y una coniferyl alcohol glucosyltransferase (Manes.13G136600) fueron inducidos, mientras que aquellos codificantes para una beta-glucosidase (Manes.07G001400) y CYP79D1 (Manes.07G001400) codificante para una enzima citocromo P450 (ambos del metabolismo cianogénico) fueron reprimidos. Además, al buscar sitios de unión para efectores TAL (Transcription Activator-Like effectors) de la cepa Xpm681 en los genes candidatos, se identificó que los cuatro genes con expresión diferencial contienen sitios de unión para estos efectores. Finalmente, se identificó un alelo asociado al gen candidato CYP79D1 (Manes.07G001400) con configuración heterocigótica exclusiva del germoplasma amazónico que confiere mayor resistencia, mientras otro alelo vinculado a beta-glucosidasa mostró efecto negativo, aumentando la susceptibilidad. Estos hallazgos aportan al entendimiento de la arquitectura genética de la resistencia a la bacteriosis vascular de la yuca y destacan el valor del germoplasma colombiano como recurso importante para el futuro del cultivo de yuca. (Texto tomado de la fuente)spa
dc.description.abstractCassava (Manihot esculenta Cranz) is positioned as one of the most important crops for food security in the world. However, its production is limited by cassava vascular blight (CBB), a disease caused by the phytopathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas phaseoli pv. manihotis (Xpm). This doctoral thesis makes use of the regional heterogeneity in Colombia, adjacent to the center of diversification and with a documented tradition in the use of cassava, to investigate the genetic diversity of the crop and the genetic architecture of resistance to CBB. Through genotyping by sequencing (GBS) of a population of 176 cassava cultivars, three genetic clusters with moderately high diversity values and geographical correspondence were identified. The selective signatures suggest regionally specific adaptations with selection in loci related to defense mechanisms in Amazonian materials, with stress response in materials predominantly from the Andean region, and carbohydrate metabolism and drought resistance in Caribbean materials. In parallel, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted on 111 cultivars from the same study population for the defense response to Xpm681. A total of seven QTNs (Quantitative Trait Nucleotide) were significantly associated with CBB resistance. Thirty-seven candidate genes co-locate within the QTNs' linkage disequilibrium windows. Four QTNs are located in genic regions of genes encoding cell wall-associated kinase (WAK) proteins (Manes.01G013225), fucosyltransferase (Manes.01G104100), beta-glucosidase (Manes.07G001700), and a BES1/BZR1 transcription factor (Manes.13G136500). The gene expression of the 37 candidate genes was investigated in previously reported transcriptomic profiles under the compatible interaction Xpm681-cv60444. Of the total candidate genes, four showed differential gene expression. Genes encoding WAK (Manes.01G013225) and a coniferyl alcohol glucosyltransferase (Manes.13G136600) were induced, while those encoding a beta-glucosidase (Manes.07G001400) and CYP79D1 (Manes.07G001400), encoding a cytochrome P450 enzyme (both from cyanogenic metabolism), were repressed. Furthermore, when searching for binding sites for TAL (Transcription Activator-Like effectors) effectors of the Xpm681 strain in the candidate genes, it was identified that the four genes with differential expression contain binding sites for these effectors. Finally, an allele associated with the candidate gene CYP79D1 was identified with a heterozygous configuration exclusive to the Amazonian germplasm that confers greater resistance, while another allele linked to beta-glucosidase showed a negative effect, increasing susceptibility. These findings contribute to our understanding of the genetic architecture of resistance to CBB and highlight the value of Colombian germplasm as an important resource for the future of cassava.eng
dc.description.degreelevelDoctorado
dc.description.degreenameDoctor en Ciencias - Biología
dc.description.researchareaGenética y biología molecular
dc.format.extentxii, 140 páginas
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/89376
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ciencias
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombia
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Ciencias - Doctorado en Ciencias - Biología
dc.relation.referencesAguilera Díaz, M. (2013). Montes de María: Una subregión de economía campesina y empresarial. Documentos de trabajo sobre economía regional, 195, 1-93. Banco de la República - Sucursal Cartagena.
dc.relation.referencesAlbuquerque, H. Y. G., Carmo, C. D., Brito, A. C., & Oliveira, E. J. (2018). Genetic diversity of Manihot esculenta Crantz germplasm based on single-nucleotide polymorphism markers. Annals of Applied Biology, 173(3), 271-284. https://doi.org/10.1111/aab.12460
dc.relation.referencesAlves-Pereira, A., Zucchi, M. I., Clement, C. R., Picanco-Rodrigues, D., Veasey, E. A., Dequigiovanni, G., Ramos, S. L. F., & Pinheiro, J. B. (2022). Selective signatures and high genome-wide diversity in traditional Brazilian manioc (Manihot esculenta Crantz) cultivars. Scientific Reports, 12, 1268. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-05160-8
dc.relation.referencesBacete, L., Mélida, H., Pattathil, S., Hahn, M. G., Molina, A., & Miedes, E. (2020). Proteome remodeling of Arabidopsis thaliana cell wall mutants reveals that cell wall integrity is linked to the regulation of defense responses. Journal of Experimental Botany, 71(20), 6358-6372. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraa382
dc.relation.referencesBallhorn, D. J., Kautz, S., Heil, M., & Hegeman, A. D. (2008). Cyanogenesis of wild lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.) is an efficient direct defence in nature. PLoS ONE, 3(5), e2364. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0002364
dc.relation.referencesBellon, M. R., Mastretta-Yanes, A., Ponce-Mendoza, A., Ortiz-Santa María, D., Oliveros-Galindo, O., Perales, H., Acevedo, F., & Sarukhán, J. (2018). Evolutionary and food supply implications of ongoing maize domestication by Mexican campesinos. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 285(1885), 20181049. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.1049
dc.relation.referencesBoch, J., Bonas, U., & Lahaye, T. (2014). TAL effectors - pathogen strategies and plant resistance engineering. New Phytologist, 204(4), 823-832. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.13015
dc.relation.referencesBredeson, J. V., Lyons, J. B., Prochnik, S. E., Wu, G. A., Ha, C. M., Edsinger-Gonzales, E., Grimwood, J., Schmutz, J., Rabbi, I. Y., Egesi, C., Nauluvula, P., Lebot, V., Ndunguru, J., Mkamilo, G., Bart, R. S., Setter, T. L., Gleadow, R. M., Kulakow, P., Ferguson, M. E., ... Rokhsar, D. S. (2016). Sequencing wild and cultivated cassava and related species reveals extensive interspecific hybridization and genetic diversity. Nature Biotechnology, 34(5), 562-570. https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt.3535
dc.relation.referencesBrush, S. B. (2004). Farmers' bounty: Locating crop diversity in the contemporary world. Yale University Press
dc.relation.referencesBull, S. E., Seung, D., Chanez, C., Mehta, D., Kuon, J. E., Truernit, E., Hochmuth, A., Zurkirchen, I., Zeeman, S. C., Gruissem, W., & Vanderschuren, H. (2018). Accelerated ex situ breeding of GBSS- and PTST1-edited cassava for modified starch. Science Advances, 4(9), eaat6086. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aat6086
dc.relation.referencesCeballos, H., Iglesias, C. A., Pérez, J. C., & Dixon, A. G. (2015). Conventional breeding, marker-assisted selection, genomic selection and inbreeding in clonally propagated crops: a case study for cassava. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 128(9), 1647-1667. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-015-2555-4
dc.relation.referencesCeballos, H., Rojanaridpiched, C., Phumichai, C., Becerra, L. A., Kittipadakul, P., Iglesias, C., & Gracen, V. E. (2020). Excellence in cassava breeding: Perspectives for the future. Crop Breeding, Genetics and Genomics, 2(2), e200008. https://doi.org/10.20900/cbgg20200008
dc.relation.referencesChávez, F. A., & Zuluaga, J. J. (2018). Características morfoagronómicas de variedades de yuca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) cultivadas en la región andina colombiana. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas, 12(1), 3-15. https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2018v12i1.7324
dc.relation.referencesCortés, A. J., Monserrate, F. A., Ramírez-Villegas, J., Madriñán, S., & Blair, M. W. (2013). Drought tolerance in wild plant populations: The case of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). PloS One, 8(5), e62898. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0062898
dc.relation.referencesDuputié, A., Massol, F., David, P., Haxaire, C., & McKey, D. (2009). Traditional Amerindian cultivators combine directional and ideotypic selection for sustainable management of cassava genetic diversity. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 22(6), 1317-1325. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1420-9101.2009.01749.x
dc.relation.referencesElias, M., McKey, D., Panaud, O., Anstett, M. C., & Robert, T. (2001). Traditional management of cassava morphological and genetic diversity by the Makushi Amerindians (Guyana, South America): Perspectives for on-farm conservation of crop genetic resources. Euphytica, 120(1), 143-157. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017501017031
dc.relation.referencesFals Borda, O. (1979). Historia doble de la Costa. Carlos Valencia Editores
dc.relation.referencesFerguson, M. E., Shah, T., Kulakow, P., & Ceballos, H. (2019). A global overview of cassava genetic diversity. PloS One, 14(11), e0224763. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0224763
dc.relation.referencesGomez, M. A., Lin, Z. D., Moll, T., Chauhan, R. D., Hayden, L., Renninger, K., Beyene, G., Taylor, N. J., Carrington, J. C., Staskawicz, B. J., & Bart, R. S. (2019). Simultaneous CRISPR/Cas9-mediated editing of cassava eIF4E isoforms nCBP-1 and nCBP-2 reduces cassava brown streak disease symptom severity and incidence. Plant Biotechnology Journal, 17(2), 421-434. https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.12987
dc.relation.referencesHershey, C., & Jennings, D. L. (1992). Progress in breeding cassava for adaptation to stress. Plant Breeding Abstracts, 62, 823-831
dc.relation.referencesHoweler, R., Lutaladio, N., & Thomas, G. (2013). Save and grow: Cassava. A guide to sustainable production intensification. FAO
dc.relation.referencesHu, W., Ji, C., Liang, Z., Ye, C., Gao, H., Wang, J., Li, D., Zhang, S., Wu, Y., Luo, M., Wang, Y., Chen, X., Lü, X., & Luo, M. (2021). Resequencing of 388 cassava accessions identifies valuable loci and selection for variation in heterozygosity. Genome Biology, 22, 316. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13059-021-02524-7
dc.relation.referencesHugh-Jones, S., & Hugh-Jones, C. (1993). Sustento y supervivencia en el Noroeste Amazónico: explotación de recursos por parte de los makujes. In A. Hladik, O. F. Linares, H. Pagezy, A. Semple, & M. Hadley (Eds.), Tropical Forests, People and Food (pp. 53-62). Parthenon Publishing Group.
dc.relation.referencesJørgensen, K., Morant, A. V., Morant, M., Jensen, N. B., Olsen, C. E., Kannangara, R., Motawia, M. S., Møller, B. L., & Bak, S. (2011). Biosynthesis of the cyanogenic glucosides linamarin and lotaustralin in cassava: Isolation, biochemical characterization, and expression pattern of CYP71E7, the oxime-metabolizing cytochrome P450 enzyme. Plant Physiology, 155(1), 282-292. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.110.164053
dc.relation.referencesKannangara, R., Motawia, M. S., Hansen, N. K., Paquette, S. M., Olsen, C. E., Møller, B. L., & Jørgensen, K. (2011). Characterization and expression profile of two UDP-glucosyltransferases, UGT85K4 and UGT85K5, catalyzing the last step in cyanogenic glucoside biosynthesis in cassava. The Plant Journal, 68(2), 287-301. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-313X.2011.04695.x
dc.relation.referencesKistler, L., Bieker, V. C., Martin, M. D., Pedersen, M. W., Madrigal, J. R., & Wales, N. (2025). Historic manioc genomes illuminate maintenance of diversity under long-lived clonal cultivation. Science, 389(6678), adq0018. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adq0018
dc.relation.referencesKohorn, B. D. (2016). Cell wall-associated kinases and pectin perception. Journal of Experimental Botany, 67(2), 489-494. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erv467
dc.relation.referencesLangebaek, C. H. (2001). Arqueología Regional en el Valle de Leiva: Procesos de Ocupación Humana en una Región de los Andes Orientales de Colombia. Instituto Colombiano de Antropología e Historia.
dc.relation.referencesLi, Z. K., Chen, B., Li, X. X., Wang, J. P., Zhang, Y., Wang, X. F., Yan, Y. Y., Ke, H. F., Yang, J., Wu, J. H., Wu, Z., Qiu, X. M., & Guo, W. Z. (2019). A genome-wide analysis of glycoside hydrolase family 1 β-glucosidase genes in cotton and their potential role in resistance to Verticillium dahliae. BMC Plant Biology, 19(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-019-1947-z
dc.relation.referencesLozano-Durán, R., & Zipfel, C. (2015). Trade-off between growth and immunity: role of brassinosteroids. Trends in Plant Science, 20(1), 12-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2014.09.003
dc.relation.referencesMcKey, D., Cavagnaro, T. R., Cliff, J., & Gleadow, R. (2010). Chemical ecology in coupled human and natural systems: People, manioc, multitrophic interactions and global change. Chemoecology, 20(2), 109-133. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00049-010-0047-1
dc.relation.referencesMorcote-Ríos, G., & Bernal, R. (2001). Remains of palms (Palmae) at archaeological sites in the New World: A review. The Botanical Review, 67(3), 309-350. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02858098
dc.relation.referencesMorant, A. V., Jørgensen, K., Jørgensen, C., Paquette, S. M., Sánchez-Pérez, R., Møller, B. L., & Bak, S. (2008). β-Glucosidases as detonators of plant chemical defense. Phytochemistry, 69(9), 1795-1813. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2008.03.006
dc.relation.referencesOyuela-Caycedo, A., & Bonzani, R. M. (2005). San Jacinto 1: A historical ecological approach to an archaic site in Colombia. University of Alabama Press
dc.relation.referencesPatiño, V. M. (1990). Historia de la Cultura Material en la América Equinoccial: Tomo II. Alimentación y Alimentos. Instituto Caro y Cuervo
dc.relation.referencesPérez, D., Angulo, E., & López, C. E. (2022). Conocimiento local de las variedades de yuca en Montes de María, Colombia: primer paso para la construcción de un programa de fitomejoramiento participativo. Sociedad y Ambiente, 25, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.31840/sya.vi25.2521
dc.relation.referencesPérez, D., Mora-Moreno, R. E., & López, C. E. (2019). Conservación de la diversidad de yuca en los sistemas tradicionales de cultivo de la Amazonía. Acta Biológica Colombiana, 24(2), 202-212. https://doi.org/10.15446/abc.v24n2.75428
dc.relation.referencesPujol, B., David, P., & McKey, D. (2005). Microevolution in agricultural environments: how a traditional Amerindian farming practice favours heterozygosity in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz, Euphorbiaceae). Ecology Letters, 8(2), 138-147. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2004.00708.x
dc.relation.referencesPujol, B., Gigot, G., Laurent, G., Pinheiro-Kluppel, M., Elias, M., Hossaert-McKey, M., & McKey, D. (2007). Germination ecology of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz, Euphorbiaceae) in traditional agroecosystems: Seed and seedling biology of a vegetatively propagated domesticated plant. Economic Botany, 56(4), 366-379. https://doi.org/10.1663/0013-0001
dc.relation.referencesRestrepo, S., Duque, M. C., & Verdier, V. (2004). Genetic structure and population dynamics of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis in Colombia from 1995 to 1999. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 70(1), 255-261. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.70.1.255-261.2004
dc.relation.referencesSoto Sedano, J. C., Mora Moreno, R. E., Mathew, B., Léon, J., Gómez Cano, F. A., Ballvora, A., & López Carrascal, C. E. (2017). Major novel QTL for resistance to cassava bacterial blight identified through a multi-environmental analysis. Frontiers in Plant Science, 8, 1169. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01169
dc.relation.referencesStreubel, J., Baum, H., Grau, J., Stuttmann, J., & Boch, J. (2017). Dissection of TALE-dependent gene activation reveals that they induce transcription cooperatively and in both orientations. PLoS ONE, 12(3), e0173580. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0173580
dc.relation.referencesVan der Hammen, T. (1992). Historia, ecología y vegetación. Corporación Colombiana para la Amazonia, Fen Colombia
dc.relation.referencesVarshney, R. K., Bohra, A., Roorkiwal, M., Barmukh, R., Cowling, W. A., Chitikineni, A., Lam, H. M., Hickey, L. T., Croser, J. S., Bayer, P. E., Edwards, D., & Batley, J. (2022). Rapid delivery systems for the future of plant breeding. Trends in Plant Science, 27(5), 542-544. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2022.02.006
dc.relation.referencesWade, P. (1993). Blackness and race mixture: The dynamics of racial identity in Colombia. Johns Hopkins University Press
dc.relation.referencesWang, C., Zhang, X., Fan, Y., Gao, Y., Zhu, Q., Zheng, C., Qin, T., Li, Y., Che, J., Zhang, M., Yang, B., Liu, Y., & Zhao, K. (2022). XA4 is a wall-associated receptor-like kinase to participate in rice resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae by regulating cell wall remodeling. Cell Host & Microbe, 30(5), 711-723. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2022.04.012
dc.relation.referencesWilson, W. M., & Dufour, D. L. (2002). Why "bitter" cassava? Productivity of "bitter" and "sweet" cassava in a Tukanoan Indian settlement in the northwest Amazon. Economic Botany, 56(1), 49-57. https://doi.org/10.1663/0013-0001
dc.relation.referencesWolfe, M. D., DelPrete, P. G., Egesi, C., Rabbi, I. Y., Ezenwaka, L. C., Hamblin, M. T., Ikeogu, U. N., Kawuki, R. S., Kayondo, S. I., Kulakow, P., & Jannink, J. L. (2018). Prospects for genomic selection in cassava breeding. Plant Genome, 11(2), 170039. https://doi.org/10.3835/plantgenome2017.03.0015
dc.relation.referencesWydra, K., Zinsou, V., Jorge, V., & Verdier, V. (2004). Identification of pathotypes of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis in Africa and detection of quantitative trait loci and markers for resistance to bacterial blight of cassava. Phytopathology, 94(10), 1084-1093. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO.2004.94.10.1084
dc.relation.referencesZárate-Chaves, C. A., Osorio-Rodríguez, D., Mora, R. E., Pérez-Quintero, Á. L., Dereeper, A., Restrepo, S., López, C. E., Szurek, B., & Bernal, A. (2021). TAL effector repertoires of strains of Xanthomonas phaseoli pv. manihotis in commercial cassava crops reveal high diversity at the country scale. Microorganisms, 9(2), 315. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9020315
dc.relation.referencesZhang, S., Chen, X., Lu, C., Ye, J., Zou, M., Lu, K., Feng, S., Pei, J., Liu, C., Zhou, X., Ma, P., Li, Z., Liu, C., Liao, Q., Xia, Z., & Wang, W. (2018). Genome-Wide Association Studies of 11 Agronomic Traits in Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). Frontiers in Plant Science, 9, 503. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.00503
dc.relation.referencesZhang, Y., Malzahn, A. A., Sretenovic, S., & Qi, Y. (2021). The emerging and uncultivated potential of CRISPR technology in plant science. Nature Plants, 5(8), 778-794. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41477-019-0461-5
dc.relation.referencesZhao, K., Long, E., Sanchez, F., Chavarriaga, P., & Monroe, G. (2025). Unlocking genetic diversity in Colombian cassava landraces for accelerated breeding. Preprint. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.06.30.662420
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
dc.subject.ddc570 - Biología::576 - Genética y evolución
dc.subject.ddcDiversidad genética
dc.subject.ddc570 - Biología
dc.subject.lembYucaspa
dc.subject.lembCassavaeng
dc.subject.lembVariación genéticaspa
dc.subject.lembGenetic variationeng
dc.subject.lembEnfermedades bacterianasspa
dc.subject.lembBacterial diseaseseng
dc.subject.proposalAmazonasspa
dc.subject.proposalYuca Colombianaspa
dc.subject.proposalDiversidad genéticaspa
dc.subject.proposalBacteriosis vascular de la yucaspa
dc.subject.proposalGenotipificación por secuanciación (GBS)spa
dc.subject.proposalEstudio de asociacion del genoma completo (GWAS)spa
dc.subject.proposalManihot esculentaspa
dc.subject.proposalXpmspa
dc.subject.proposalYucaspa
dc.titleEvaluación molecular de la diversidad y arquitectura genética de la resistencia a la bacteriosis vascular de la yuca (Manihot esculenta Cranz) en Colombiaspa
dc.title.translatedMolecular evaluation of diversity and genetic architecture of resistance to cassava vascular bacterial blight (manihot esculenta crantz) in Colombiaeng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Doctorado
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.contentText
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TD
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEstudiantes
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadores
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2

Archivos

Bloque original

Mostrando 1 - 1 de 1
Cargando...
Miniatura
Nombre:
Tesis de Doctorado en Ciencias - Biología.pdf
Tamaño:
8.44 MB
Formato:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Descripción:
Tesis de Doctorado en Ciencias Biología

Bloque de licencias

Mostrando 1 - 1 de 1
Cargando...
Miniatura
Nombre:
license.txt
Tamaño:
5.74 KB
Formato:
Item-specific license agreed upon to submission
Descripción: