Pronóstico del precio promedio diario de la electricidad usando machine learning

dc.contributor.advisorVelásquez Henao, Juan David
dc.contributor.advisorFranco Cardona, Carlos Jaime
dc.contributor.authorRosas Garcés, Ángela Sofía
dc.contributor.cvlac
dc.contributor.orcidHenao, Juan David [0000-000307831432]
dc.contributor.orcidCardona, Carlos [0009000049011403]
dc.date.accessioned2026-01-23T18:54:58Z
dc.date.available2026-01-23T18:54:58Z
dc.date.issued2025-12-28
dc.description.abstractEste trabajo evalúa el pronóstico del precio promedio diario de la electricidad en el mercado colombiano mediante técnicas de aprendizaje automático y lo compara con modelos tradicionales. Se utilizaron datos de XM, DANE y NOAA para el periodo 2004-2024, considerando variables exógenas como demanda, generación, aportes hídricos, volumen útil y vertimientos. Se implementaron tres modelos: SARIMAX, Random Forest y Perceptrón Multicapa (MLP). Los resultados muestran que, aunque SARIMAX captura adecuadamente la estacionalidad y tendencias lineales, Random Forest y MLP presentan un mejor desempeño predictivo al modelar relaciones no lineales complejas. En particular, MLP obtuvo los mejores resultados con un MSE de 5.6505 en el conjunto de prueba, confirmando la superioridad de los enfoques no lineales para mejorar la precisión del pronóstico de precios en el contexto colombiano. (Texto tomado de la fuente)spa
dc.description.abstractThis study evaluates the forecasting of the daily average electricity price in the Colombian market using machine learning techniques and compares the results with traditional models. Data from XM, DANE, and NOAA were used for the period 2004–2024, considering exogenous variables such as demand, generation, water inflows, useful volume, and spillage. Three models were implemented: SARIMAX, Random Forest, and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP). The results show that although SARIMAX adequately captures seasonality and linear trends, Random Forest and MLP exhibit better predictive performance by modeling complex nonlinear relationships. In particular, the MLP achieved the best results, with an MSE of 5.6505 on the test set, confirming the superiority of nonlinear approaches in improving price forecasting accuracy in the Colombian context.eng
dc.description.curricularareaIngeniería De Sistemas E Informática.Sede Medellín
dc.description.degreelevelMaestría
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Ingeniería - Sistemas Energéticos
dc.format.extent1 recurso en línea (51 páginas)
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/89310
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Medellín
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Minas
dc.publisher.placeMedellín, Colombia
dc.publisher.programMedellín - Minas - Maestría en Ingeniería - Sistemas Energéticos
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.licenseReconocimiento 4.0 Internacional
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subject.ddc330 - Economía::333 - Economía de la tierra y de la energía
dc.subject.ddc330 - Economía::333 - Economía de la tierra y de la energía
dc.subject.lembSector electríco - Precios
dc.subject.lembAnalisis de series de tiempo
dc.subject.proposalPronóstico de precios de electricidadspa
dc.subject.proposalMercado eléctrico colombianospa
dc.subject.proposalAprendizaje automáticospa
dc.subject.proposalModelo SARIMAXspa
dc.subject.proposalRandom Forestspa
dc.subject.proposalPerceptrón Multicapaspa
dc.subject.proposalSeries de tiempospa
dc.subject.proposalElectricity price forecastingeng
dc.subject.proposalColombian electricity marketeng
dc.subject.proposalMachine learningeng
dc.subject.proposalSARIMAX modeleng
dc.subject.proposalRandom Foresteng
dc.subject.proposalMultilayer Perceptroneng
dc.subject.proposalTime serieseng
dc.titlePronóstico del precio promedio diario de la electricidad usando machine learningspa
dc.title.translatedForecasting the average daily price of electricity using machine learningeng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestría
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.contentText
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEspecializada
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEstudiantes
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2

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