Modelo de ocupación, uso de hábitat y ecología de movimientos del ocarro (Priodontes maximus Kerr, 1792) en agroecosistemas de la altillanura colombiana

dc.contributor.advisorArmenteras Pascual, Dolorsspa
dc.contributor.advisorSuperina, Mariellaspa
dc.contributor.authorAya Cuero, Carlos Andrésspa
dc.contributor.cvlachttps://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/EnParEvaluadorColciencias/return.dospa
dc.contributor.googlescholarhttps://scholar.google.com/citations?user=84C3srYAAAAJ&hl=es&oi=sraspa
dc.contributor.orcid0000-0002-4884-4347spa
dc.contributor.researchgatehttps://www.researchgate.net/profile/Carlos-A-Ayaspa
dc.contributor.researchgroupEcología del Paisaje y Modelación de Ecosistemasspa
dc.coverage.countryColombiaspa
dc.coverage.tgnhttp://vocab.getty.edu/page/tgn/1000050
dc.date.accessioned2024-01-16T20:38:43Z
dc.date.available2024-01-16T20:38:43Z
dc.date.issued2023
dc.descriptionilustraciones, diagramas, fotografíasspa
dc.description.abstractEl ocarro (Priodontes maximus) es una especie de mamífero grande en condición de amenaza y con altos requerimientos alimenticios y de hábitat. En Colombia, se distribuye en la región de la Amazonia y Orinoquia, aunque en esta última es simpátrica con otras cuatro especies de armadillos, lo que la convierte en el área más importante para este grupo de mamíferos a nivel nacional. Esta región se enfrenta a un acelerado cambio de coberturas terrestres que reducen la calidad y cantidad del hábitat disponible para la fauna silvestre. Sin embargo, se desconoce en gran medida el efecto o adaptación de las especies amenazadas a vastos agroecosistemas. Por lo anterior, se desarrolló un estudio para conocer algunos aspectos de ecología de P. maximus en áreas con intervención antrópica de la Altillanura Colombiana (departamentos de Meta y Vichada). Entre 2021 y 2022 se instalaron 69 estaciones de fototrampeo en cinco plantaciones de palma de aceite (PPA) para determinar el uso de hábitat. Se equiparon 4 individuos con transmisores de radiotelemetría VHF en las áreas de dos compañías (Poligrow y Sillatava), censos de madrigueras y desarrolló un análisis multitemporal con tasas de cambio de coberturas uso de la tierra en la zona en dos áreas de 1764 km2. Con un esfuerzo de 4976 noches cámaras se obtuvieron 71 registros de P. maximus en bosques aledaños a las plantaciones. Se estimó una ocupación de ѱ = 0,25 y detección p = 0,17 considerada baja, la especie fue registrada tan solo en 16 de las estaciones de fototrampeo. El análisis de radiotelemetría en Poligrow (Mapiripán, Meta), indica que los individuos estuvieron restringidos a los bosques riparios (100% de las localizaciones), y emplearon áreas de ámbito de hogar de 1,69 y 267,85 hectáreas. En Sillatava (Puerto Gaitán, Meta) no fue posible estimar el ámbito de hogar debido a las pocas localizaciones. En el censo de madrigueras, un 20 – 26% se localizaron en sabanas naturales y 76 – 80% en bosques riparios. La tasa de cambio anual de las coberturas terrestres entre 1976 – 2022 (Cumaral) y 2001 – 2022 (Mapiripán) indicó que las áreas con mayores cambios han sido los herbazales o sabanas. En el área de Cumaral hasta el 2022 no existen registros ni indicios de la especie, no se descarta una posible extinción local. Este estudio aporta los primeros indicios sobre las poblaciones de P. maximus en paisajes agroindustriales dominados por palma. Los resultados destacan la importancia de los bosques riparios como hábitat idóneo para los ocarros. Se evidenció la fuerte asociación a este tipo de cobertura, donde construyen la mayor parte de sus madrigueras, que son los principales refugios y sitios de reproducción. Por lo tanto, la presencia de bosques riparios y sabanas naturales incrementa las posibilidades de la coexistencia del ocarro en este tipo paisajes con cultivos de palma de aceite. (Texto tomado de la fuente).spa
dc.description.abstractThe giant armadillo (Priodontes maximus) is a large and endangered species with specific food and habitat requirements. In Colombia, its distribution encompasses the Amazon and Orinoco regions, in the Orinoco is sympatric with another four armadillo species. For this reason, this region constitutes the most important area for the conservation of these groups of mammals at the national level. However, this region is currently facing accelerated changes in its terrestrial land covers, which has led to a reduction in available wildlife habitats in aspects of both quantity and quality. The effects and adaptations of endangered species in these vast agroecosystems remain unknown. This study aims to investigate some aspects of the P. maximus ecology in areas with anthropic alterations in the Colombian Altillanura (Departments of Meta and Vichada). Between 2021 and 2022 we installed 69 camera trapping stations in five oil palm plantations (OPP) to determine habitat use. In two specific areas belonging to Poligrow and Sillatava companies, we equipped a total of 4 individuals with VHF transmitters, conducted a census of burrows, and analyzed the rate of change in the use of terrestrial land cover within an area of 1764 km2. As a result, a 4976 night/camera sampling effort and 71 records of P. maximus were obtained in riparian forests in the vicinity of oil palm crops. The estimated occupancy (ѱ) was 0,25, and the detection (p) was 0,17, indicating a relatively low presence of the species, the species were recorded in only 16 camera trap stations. The individuals monitored through radiotracking in Poligrow (Mapiripán, Meta) were restricted to riparian forest and used areas of home range between 1,69 y 267,85 hectares. Due to the limited number of available locations, it was not possible to estimate the home range for the individuals in Puerto Gaitán. In the census of burrows, 20 – 26% were in natural savannas, while 76 – 80% were in riparian forests. The rate of annual land cover change between 1976 – 2022 (Cumaral) and 2001 – 2022 (Mapiripán) indicated that the areas with the greatest transformation were grasslands or savannahs. In the Cumaral area, there are no records or traces of the species to the end of 2022, and possible local extinction is not discarded. This study provides the first indications about the populations of P. maximus in agro-industrial landscapes dominated by oil palm plantations. Our results highlight the importance of natural areas and high-quality habitats, such as riparian forests for giant armadillos. These forests serve as suitable habitats for P. maximus, as they are the preferred land cover for digging the majority of burrows, acting as the principal refuge and reproduction site. The presence of the forest and savannas increase the possibility of the coexistence scenarios for the giant armadillo in these type of landscapes with oil palm plantations.eng
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Ciencias - Biologíaspa
dc.format.extent73 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/85337
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotáspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Cienciasspa
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Ciencias - Maestría en Ciencias - Biologíaspa
dc.relation.indexedAgrosaviaspa
dc.relation.indexedAgrovocspa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/spa
dc.subject.agrovocArmadillospa
dc.subject.agrovocarmadilloseng
dc.subject.agrovocDinámica de poblacionesspa
dc.subject.agrovocpopulation dynamicseng
dc.subject.agrovocEcología de las poblacionesspa
dc.subject.agrovocpopulation ecologyeng
dc.subject.ddc570 - Biología::578 - Historia natural de los organismos y temas relacionadosspa
dc.subject.proposalChlamyphoridaespa
dc.subject.proposalCingulataspa
dc.subject.proposalCoexistenciaspa
dc.subject.proposalAgroindustriaspa
dc.subject.proposalPalma de aceitespa
dc.subject.proposalLlanos orientalesspa
dc.subject.proposalAgroindustryeng
dc.subject.proposalOil palmeng
dc.subject.proposalEastern floodplainseng
dc.titleModelo de ocupación, uso de hábitat y ecología de movimientos del ocarro (Priodontes maximus Kerr, 1792) en agroecosistemas de la altillanura colombianaspa
dc.title.translatedOccupation model, habitat use and movement ecology of the giant armadillo (Priodontes maximus Kerr, 1792) in agroecosystems of the colombian eastern plainseng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
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dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadoresspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentPúblico generalspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa
oaire.fundernameFundación Omachaspa

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