Diatomeas perifíticas y algunas características limnológicas de un humedal urbano en la sabana de Bogotá
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Mejía Rodríguez, Diana Marcela
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Resumen
Se estudio la composición, diversidad y variaciones espacio-temporales de las
diatomeas perifiticas presentes en el humedal Jaboque (Bogotá-Colombia), entre abril
de 2009 y enero de 2010. Simultáneamente se evaluaron algunas características
físicas y químicas del agua para estimar la influencia de estas variables sobre la
diatomoflora. Se encontraron 90 taxones, distribuidos en 28 géneros. Nitzschia,
Gomphonema y Pinnularia presentaron la mayor riqueza. Se presentó un patrón
espacial donde la parte alta y baja del humedal de condición mesotrófica abundaron
especies con sensibilidad a los sólidos, la conductividad y altos niveles de nutrientes
como: Achnanthes hungarica (taxón dominante), Gomphonema pseudoaugur,
Fragilaria pinnata y Cyclotella meneghiniana, mientras que la zona media con mayor
intervención antrópica y de condición eutrófica son dominantes Cyclotella stelligera y
Gomphonema parvulum.
Abstract
The composition, diversity, spatial and temporal variation of the periphytic diatoms
present in the wetland Jaboque (Bogotá-Colombia), have been studied using samples
taken on natural and artificial substrates between April 2009 and January 2010. At the
same time had been evaluated some physical and chemical characteristics of the
water to estimate the influence of these variables on the diatoms flora. Ninety taxa
were found, distributed in 28 genera. Nitzschia, Gomphonema and Pinnularia
presented the most richness. In the high and low zone of the wetland Achnanthes
hungarica was the specie with greater relative frequency and distribution, while in the
middle part characterized for being the area with most anthropic intervention
Cyclotella stelligera and Gomphonema parvulum were most abundant.
The wetland present seasonal organization, where the high and low zone of the
wetland is identify as mesotrophic and dominated species as Achnanthes hungarica,
Gomphonema pseudoaugur, Fragilaria pinnata y Cyclotella meneghiniana, which are
cosmopolitan and typical mesotrophic waters but with differential tolerance associated
mainly with concentrations of nutrients, solids and the conductivity. While that the
middle part is eutrophic, characterized for being the area with most anthropic
intervention Cyclotella stelligera and Gomphonema parvulum were dominant.