Detección de patologías de plantas en cultivos de palma aceitera a partir del análisis automático de imágenes multiespectrales basado en técnicas de procesamiento digital de imágenes y aprendizaje computacional
| dc.contributor.advisor | Camacho Tamayo, Jesús Hernán | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Cruz Roa, Angel Alfonso | |
| dc.contributor.author | Torres Galindo, Angie Katherine | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2026-02-16T14:24:49Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2026-02-16T14:24:49Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2026 | |
| dc.description | Ilustraciones, diagramas, gráficos | spa |
| dc.description.abstract | Este trabajo de grado aborda la aplicación de técnicas de visión por computadora y el análisis de imágenes multiespectrales, para la posible detección temprana de la Marchitez Letal (ML), una de las enfermedades más devastadoras en los cultivos de palma aceitera (Elaeis guineensis Jacp.) en Colombia. Se aplicó la metodología CRISP-DM. Para la adquisición de datos, se utilizó unas aeronaves remotamente pilotadas equipadas con el sensor multiespectral Micasense Rededge M. Para el procesamiento de las imágenes multiespectrales se aplicaron técnicas de procesamiento digital de imágenes, como la normalización de la reflectancia, así como de índices vegetacionales como el NDRE, para el realce de características de imagen. El componente principal del estudio se enfoca en la implementación de una red neuronal convolucional (CNN), y la exploración de arquitecturas como EfficientNetB0 y ResNet50V2 para realizar un a clasificación binaria de las palmas: sanas y enfermas. Logrando resultados de las métricas de desempeño en el modelo de la CNN escogida valores sobresalientes, como una exactitud (accuracy) general del 88% y un AUC de 0,8758, en arquitecturas como ResNet50V2 la exactitud fue de 93%, revelando un comportamiento prometedor con datos multiespectrales en la detección de los estados de la enfermedad. Este trabajo de grado presenta que el uso de imágenes multiespectrales y técnicas de aprendizaje computacional podrían ser una herramienta viable para el monitoreo y control de la enfermedad, ofreciendo una posible solución en comparación con los métodos de inspección visual tradicionales. (Texto tomado de la fuente) | spa |
| dc.description.abstract | This degree project addresses the application of computer vision techniques and multispectral image analysis for the potential early detection of Lethal Wilt (LW), one of the most devastating diseases in oil palm crops (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) in Colombia. The CRISP-DM methodology was applied. For data acquisition, remotely piloted aircraft systems equipped with the Micasense RedEdge-M multispectral sensor were utilized. Regarding multispectral image processing, digital image processing techniques were applied, such as reflectance normalization and vegetation indices like NDRE, to enhance image features. The main component of the study focuses on the implementation of a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and the exploration of architectures such as EfficientNetB0 and ResNet50V2 to perform a binary classification of the palms: healthy and diseased. Outstanding performance metric results were achieved with the chosen CNN model, including an overall accuracy of 88% and an AUC of 0.8758. In architectures like ResNet50V2, accuracy reached 93%, revealing promising performance using multispectral data for detecting disease states. This degree project presents that the use of multispectral imagery and machine learning techniques could be a viable tool for the monitoring and control of the disease, offering a potential solution compared to traditional visual inspection methods. | eng |
| dc.description.degreelevel | Maestría | |
| dc.description.degreename | Magister en Ingeniería de Sistemas y Computación | |
| dc.format.extent | 93 páginas | |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | |
| dc.identifier.instname | Universidad Nacional de Colombia | spa |
| dc.identifier.reponame | Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia | spa |
| dc.identifier.repourl | https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/ | spa |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/89558 | |
| dc.language.iso | spa | |
| dc.publisher | Universidad Nacional de Colombia | |
| dc.publisher.branch | Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá | |
| dc.publisher.faculty | Facultad de Ingeniería | |
| dc.publisher.place | Bogotá, Colombia | |
| dc.publisher.program | Bogotá - Ingeniería - Maestría en Ingeniería - Ingeniería de Sistemas y Computación | |
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| dc.rights.accessrights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | |
| dc.rights.license | Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional | |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ | |
| dc.subject.blaa | Marchitez letal (ML) | spa |
| dc.subject.blaa | Imágenes multiespectrales | spa |
| dc.subject.ddc | 000 - Ciencias de la computación, información y obras generales | |
| dc.subject.ddc | 600 - Tecnología (Ciencias aplicadas) | |
| dc.subject.ddc | 580 - Plantas | |
| dc.subject.lemb | Aceite de palma | spa |
| dc.subject.lemb | Palm-oil | eng |
| dc.subject.lemb | Procesamiento de imágenes | spa |
| dc.subject.lemb | Image processing | eng |
| dc.subject.lemb | Teoría del aprendizaje computacional | spa |
| dc.subject.lemb | Computational learning theory | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Marchitez Letal | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Palma aceitera | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Imágenes multiespectrales | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Procesamiento de imágenes | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Aprendizaje computacional | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Detección de patologías | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Lethal Wilt | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Oil palm | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Multispectral imaging | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Image processing | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Computational learning | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Disease detection | eng |
| dc.title | Detección de patologías de plantas en cultivos de palma aceitera a partir del análisis automático de imágenes multiespectrales basado en técnicas de procesamiento digital de imágenes y aprendizaje computacional | spa |
| dc.title.translated | Detection of plant diseases in oil palm crops through automated analysis of multispectral images based on digital image processing and machine learning techniques | eng |
| dc.type | Trabajo de grado - Maestría | |
| dc.type.coar | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc | |
| dc.type.coarversion | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa | |
| dc.type.content | Text | |
| dc.type.driver | info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis | |
| dc.type.redcol | http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM | |
| dc.type.version | info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion | |
| dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Estudiantes | |
| dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Investigadores | |
| dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Especializada | |
| oaire.accessrights | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
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